Abstract
This study assessed the effects of spring-regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies on the physiological and agronomic performance of a ‘Rojo Brillante’ persimmon ( Diospyros kaki ) orchard grafted onto Diospyros lotus and D. virginiana rootstocks. The trial was conducted from 2016 to 2019 in a commercial orchard located in Llíria (Valencia, Spain), under Mediterranean climate conditions. RDI was applied during late spring at increasing water restriction levels, while control treatments received non-limited irrigation. Results showed that RDI did not reduce yield per tree, even under severe water deficits, and consistently improved irrigation water productivity by up to 21 % in D. lotus and 31 % in D. virginiana compared to fully irrigated controls. The reduction in fruit drop observed in RDI treatments led to a 30 % increase in harvested fruits in D. lotus and 42 % in D. virginiana . On average, fruit drop-to-flowering ratios were lower under RDI (36.5 % in D. lotus , 68.6 % in D. virginiana ) than in fully irrigated controls (49.9 % and 81.6 %, respectively). D. lotus trees showed more stable yields and a favourable vegetative-reproductive balance, while D. virginiana exhibited a different water stress response pattern in the seasonal dynamics of stem water potential, which is used to characterise differences in plant water status rather than intrinsic drought tolerance. Still, D. virginiana trees produced lower and more variable yields under both irrigation regimes, likely due to higher fruit drop and a potential biennial bearing pattern. Overall, the findings support spring RDI as a viable strategy to enhance irrigation water productivity in persimmon orchards.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Spring RDI did not reduce persimmon yield per tree, even with severe water deficits.
- Treatment
- RDIe0
- Outcome
- yield per treee0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
- Qualifier
- even under severe water deficitse0
DiospyrosNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RDI did not reduce yield per tree, even under severe water deficits”
t0“persimmon”
Claim · model-written summary
RDI improved irrigation water productivity by up to 21 % on D. lotus rootstock compared with full irrigation.
- Material
- D. lotuse0
- Outcome
- irrigation water productivitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- up to 21 %e0
- Comparator
- fully irrigated controlse0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improved irrigation water productivity by up to 21 % in D. lotus and 31 % in D. virginiana compared to fully irrigated controls”
t0“persimmon”
Claim · model-written summary
RDI improved irrigation water productivity by 31 % on D. virginiana rootstock.
- Material
- D. virginianae0
- Outcome
- irrigation water productivitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 31 %e0
- Comparator
- fully irrigated controlse0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improved irrigation water productivity by up to 21 % in D. lotus and 31 % in D. virginiana compared to fully irrigated controls”
t0“persimmon”
Claim · model-written summary
RDI increased harvested persimmon fruits by 30 % on D. lotus rootstock.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduction in fruit drop observed in RDI treatments led to a 30 % increase in harvested fruits in D. lotus and 42 % in D. virginiana”
t0“persimmon”
Claim · model-written summary
RDI increased harvested persimmon fruits by 42 % on D. virginiana rootstock.
- Material
- D. virginianae0
- Treatment
- RDI treatmentse0
- Outcome
- harvested fruitse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 42 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduction in fruit drop observed in RDI treatments led to a 30 % increase in harvested fruits in D. lotus and 42 % in D. virginiana”
t0“persimmon”
Claim · model-written summary
D. lotus persimmon fruit drop to flowering ratio under RDI was 36.5 %, below the 49.9 % full irrigation value.
- Material
- D. lotuse0
- Treatment
- RDIe0
- Outcome
- fruit drop-to-flowering ratiose0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 36.5 %e0
- Qualifier
- 49.9 %e0
- Comparator
- fully irrigated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit drop-to-flowering ratios were lower under RDI (36.5 % in D. lotus , 68.6 % in D. virginiana ) than in fully irrigated controls (49.9 % and 81.6 %, respectively)”
t0“persimmon”
Claim · model-written summary
D. virginiana persimmon fruit drop to flowering ratio under RDI was 68.6 %, below the 81.6 % full irrigation value.
- Material
- D. virginianae0
- Treatment
- RDIe0
- Outcome
- fruit drop-to-flowering ratiose0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 68.6 %e0
- Qualifier
- 81.6 %e0
- Comparator
- fully irrigated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit drop-to-flowering ratios were lower under RDI (36.5 % in D. lotus , 68.6 % in D. virginiana ) than in fully irrigated controls (49.9 % and 81.6 %, respectively)”
t0“persimmon”
Claim · model-written summary
D. lotus persimmon trees showed more stable yields and a favourable vegetative reproductive balance.
- Material
- D. lotuse0
- Outcome
- stable yields and a favourable vegetative-reproductive balancee0
- Direction
- more stablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“D. lotus trees showed more stable yields and a favourable vegetative-reproductive balance”
t0“persimmon”
Claim · model-written summary
D. virginiana persimmon had a different seasonal stem water potential response pattern.
- Material
- D. virginianae0
- Outcome
- water stress response pattern in the seasonal dynamics of stem water potentiale0
- Direction
- differente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“D. virginiana exhibited a different water stress response pattern in the seasonal dynamics of stem water potential”
t0“persimmon”
Claim · model-written summary
D. virginiana persimmon trees had lower and more variable yields under both irrigation regimes.
- Material
- D. virginianae0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- lower and more variablee0
- Qualifier
- under both irrigation regimese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“D. virginiana trees produced lower and more variable yields under both irrigation regimes, likely due to higher fruit drop and a potential biennial bearing pattern”
t0“persimmon”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors support spring RDI to improve persimmon orchard irrigation water productivity.
- Outcome
- spring RDI as a viable strategy to enhance irrigation water productivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“findings support spring RDI as a viable strategy to enhance irrigation water productivity in persimmon orchards”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · yield · DiospyrosPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.