Abstract
Abstract The ‘Rojo Brillante’ persimmon ( Diospyros kaki ) is gaining relevance as an alternative to citrus in Mediterranean semiarid regions. This study evaluated the effects of irrigation dose (100% and 115% of a baseline irrigation dose, BID), planting layout (2.5 × 5 m and 3.5 × 5 m), and rootstock ( Diospyros lotus and Diospyros virginiana ) on midday stem water potential (Ψ S, a plant-based indicator of tree water status), yield, vegetative growth, irrigation water productivity (IWP), and fruit abscission during the juvenile to mature transition (4 to 7-year-old trees) in southeast Spain. Across 2012–2014, Ψ S in 100% and 115% treatments generally remained above − 1.30 MPa, whereas dense spacing under 100% BID caused transient severe summer stress (Ψ S < -1.30 MPa) in trees, coinciding with reduced productivity in D. lotus . Yield was largely unaffected by increasing irrigation dose, and D. virginiana induced greater vigour than D. lotus without a consistent yield advantage, partly associated with lower crop load and greater physiological fruit drop. At the hectare scale, the denser layout tended to improve productivity. To optimise irrigation for D. virginiana , a 2015 study compared two irrigation strategies, 110% BID and sustained deficit irrigation at 70% BID, against a D. lotus control receiving 100% BID, all under the standard 3.5 × 5 m planting layout. SDI reduced abscission relative to flowering by about 14%, maintained yield, and maximised IWP. Fruit quality was not assessed. Overall, the results support rootstock-specific irrigation scheduling and identify deficit-based strategies as promising for improving water productivity without compromising yield.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Midday stem water potential in the 100% and 115% irrigation treatments generally stayed above the stress threshold.
DiospyrosOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“persimmon”
e0“treatments generally remained above”
e1“midday stem water potential”
Claim · model-written summary
Dense planting under 100% of the baseline irrigation dose caused transient severe summer water stress in trees, coinciding with reduced productivity in D. lotus.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“persimmon”
e0“dense spacing under 100% BID caused transient severe summer stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield was largely unaffected by increasing the irrigation dose.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“persimmon”
e0“Yield was largely unaffected by increasing irrigation dose”
Claim · model-written summary
D. virginiana rootstock induced greater vigour than D. lotus.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“persimmon”
e0“D. virginiana induced greater vigour than D. lotus without a consistent yield advantage”
Claim · model-written summary
D. virginiana gave no consistent yield advantage over D. lotus.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“persimmon”
e0“D. virginiana induced greater vigour than D. lotus without a consistent yield advantage”
Claim · model-written summary
The lack of a yield advantage for D. virginiana was partly associated with lower crop load and greater physiological fruit drop.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“persimmon”
e0“D. virginiana induced greater vigour than D. lotus without a consistent yield advantage, partly associated with lower crop load and greater physiological fruit drop”
Claim · model-written summary
At the hectare scale the denser planting layout tended to improve productivity.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“persimmon”
e0“the denser layout tended to improve productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Sustained deficit irrigation reduced fruit abscission relative to flowering by about 14% against a D. lotus control at 100% BID.
- Treatment
- SDIe0
- Outcome
- abscission relative to floweringe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- about 14%e0
- Comparator
- D. lotus control receiving 100% BIDe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“persimmon”
e0“SDI reduced abscission relative to flowering by about 14%, maintained yield, and maximised IWP”
e1“a D. lotus control receiving 100% BID”
e2“sustained deficit irrigation at 70% BID”
Claim · model-written summary
Sustained deficit irrigation maintained yield relative to the control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“persimmon”
e0“SDI reduced abscission relative to flowering by about 14%, maintained yield, and maximised IWP”
e1“a D. lotus control receiving 100% BID”
Claim · model-written summary
Sustained deficit irrigation maximised irrigation water productivity.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“persimmon”
e0“SDI reduced abscission relative to flowering by about 14%, maintained yield, and maximised IWP”
e1“a D. lotus control receiving 100% BID”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend rootstock-specific irrigation scheduling and deficit-based strategies to improve water productivity without compromising yield.
- Outcome
- rootstock-specific irrigation schedulinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“persimmon”
e0“the results support rootstock-specific irrigation scheduling and identify deficit-based strategies as promising for improving water productivity without compromising yield”
The same questions in other papers
Diospyros virginiana · yield · DiospyrosPositive and negative results
1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
irrigation · yield · DiospyrosPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
irrigation · physiology: water · DiospyrosResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.