Abstract
• Sugarcane POD activity increased broadly during Sporisorium scitamineum infection. • A total of 174 POD genes were identified in the Saccharum officinarum genome. • Structural diversity and evolutionary mechanisms of PODs were elucidated. • The expression of POD genes is tissue-specific and stress-responsive. • ScPOD01 , a S. scitamineum -induced POD , activated plant immunity via HR/SA pathways. Class III peroxidases (PODs) are crucial for plant growth and stress responses, yet few have been characterized in sugarcane ( Saccharum spp.). In this study, elevated POD activity was detected across eight sugarcane genotypes during their interaction with Sporisorium scitamineum , suggesting a role in smut defense. To further explore this gene family, 174 SoPOD genes, classified into seven subgroups, were identified in S. officinarum LA-purple. Family expansion primarily was assumed to result from whole-genome/segmental duplications (83.90%), with Ka/Ks < 1 in 94.74% of gene pairs. SoPOD promoters were enriched in stress- and hormone-related cis -regulatory elements. Transcriptome data revealed that SoPOD expression was tissue-specific and responsive to cold, drought, and S. scitamineum infection. Notably, SoPOD30 was exclusively upregulated in the resistant cultivar after infection but undetectable in the susceptible one. Its homolog ScPOD01 was subsequently isolated from sugarcane hybrid cultivars and shown to possess a canonical four-exon/three-intron gene structure and plasma membrane localization. Real-time quantitative PCR demonstrated ScPOD01 induction by S. scitamineum infection across all eight cultivars and under various abiotic stresses (abscisic acid, methyl jasmonate, hydrogen peroxide, polyethylene glycol, and sodium chloride). Interestingly, the transient expression of ScPOD01 in Nicotiana benthamiana activated immune responses, as evidenced by intensified DAB staining and upregulation of hypersensitive reaction- and SA-related genes, however its prokaryotic expression did not enhance bacterial stress tolerance. These findings uncover the evolutionary diversification and expression specificity of the sugarcane POD family and elucidate the immune function of ScPOD01 , laying a foundation for understanding POD roles in sugarcane disease resistance.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Sugarcane POD activity was elevated across eight genotypes during infection with Sporisorium scitamineum.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee1
- Material
- eight sugarcane genotypese1
- Interactor
- Sporisorium scitamineum
Sporisorium scitamineume1pathogen - Outcome
- POD activitye1
- Direction
- elevatede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“elevated POD activity was detected across eight sugarcane genotypes during their interaction with Sporisorium scitamineum”
Claim · model-written summary
A total of 174 POD genes were identified in the Saccharum officinarum genome.
- Taxon
- Saccharum officinarum
Saccharum officinarume2 - Outcome
- POD genese2
- Value
- 174e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“A total of 174 POD genes were identified in the Saccharum officinarum genome”
Claim · model-written summary
Family expansion was assumed to result mainly from whole-genome/segmental duplications, accounting for 83.90%.
- Taxon
- S. officinarumSaccharum officinarume4
- Outcome
- Family expansione3
- Value
- 83.90%e3
- Qualifier
- whole-genome/segmental duplicationse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Family expansion primarily was assumed to result from whole-genome/segmental duplications (83.90%)”
e4“174 SoPOD genes, classified into seven subgroups, were identified in S. officinarum LA-purple”
Claim · model-written summary
Ka/Ks was below 1 in 94.74% of SoPOD gene pairs.
- Taxon
- S. officinarumSaccharum officinarume4
- Outcome
- gene pairse5
- Value
- 94.74%e5
- Qualifier
- Ka/Ks < 1e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“174 SoPOD genes, classified into seven subgroups, were identified in S. officinarum LA-purple”
e5“with Ka/Ks < 1 in 94.74% of gene pairs”
Claim · model-written summary
SoPOD promoters were enriched in stress- and hormone-related cis-regulatory elements.
- Taxon
- S. officinarumSaccharum officinarume4
- Gene
- SoPODe6
- Outcome
- cis -regulatory elementse6
- Direction
- enrichede6
- Qualifier
- stress- and hormone-relatede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“SoPOD promoters were enriched in stress- and hormone-related cis -regulatory elements”
e4“174 SoPOD genes, classified into seven subgroups, were identified in S. officinarum LA-purple”
Claim · model-written summary
SoPOD expression is tissue-specific and responsive to cold, drought, and S. scitamineum infection.
- Taxon
- S. officinarumSaccharum officinarume4
- Treatment
- cold, drought, and S. scitamineum infectione7
- Interactor
- S. scitamineumSporisorium scitamineume7pathogen
- Outcome
- SoPOD expressione7
- Qualifier
- tissue-specifice7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Transcriptome data revealed that SoPOD expression was tissue-specific and responsive to cold, drought, and S. scitamineum infection”
e4“174 SoPOD genes, classified into seven subgroups, were identified in S. officinarum LA-purple”
Claim · model-written summary
SoPOD30 was upregulated only in the resistant cultivar after infection and was undetectable in the susceptible one.
Verbatim
e2“Notably, SoPOD30 was exclusively upregulated in the resistant cultivar after infection but undetectable in the susceptible one”
e1“elevated POD activity was detected across eight sugarcane genotypes during their interaction with Sporisorium scitamineum”
Claim · model-written summary
ScPOD01 was induced by S. scitamineum infection across all eight cultivars.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee1
- Material
- all eight cultivarse0
- Interactor
- S. scitamineumSporisorium scitamineume0pathogen
- Gene
- ScPOD01e0
- Outcome
- ScPOD01 inductione0
- Direction
- inductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Real-time quantitative PCR demonstrated ScPOD01 induction by S. scitamineum infection across all eight cultivars”
e1“Its homolog ScPOD01 was subsequently isolated from sugarcane hybrid cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
ScPOD01 was induced under abscisic acid, methyl jasmonate, hydrogen peroxide, polyethylene glycol, and sodium chloride treatments.
Verbatim
e0“Real-time quantitative PCR demonstrated ScPOD01 induction by S. scitamineum infection across all eight cultivars”
e2“under various abiotic stresses (abscisic acid, methyl jasmonate, hydrogen peroxide, polyethylene glycol, and sodium chloride)”
e1“Its homolog ScPOD01 was subsequently isolated from sugarcane hybrid cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
ScPOD01 has a canonical four-exon/three-intron gene structure and is localized to the plasma membrane.
Verbatim
e0“Its homolog ScPOD01 was subsequently isolated from sugarcane hybrid cultivars”
e2“shown to possess a canonical four-exon/three-intron gene structure and plasma membrane localization”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient expression of ScPOD01 in Nicotiana benthamiana activated immune responses, with intensified DAB staining and upregulated hypersensitive reaction- and SA-related genes.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- transient expression of ScPOD01e0
- Gene
- ScPOD01e0
- Outcome
- immune responsese0
- Direction
- activatede0
- Qualifier
- intensified DAB staining and upregulation of hypersensitive reaction- and SA-related genese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the transient expression of ScPOD01 in Nicotiana benthamiana activated immune responses, as evidenced by intensified DAB staining and upregulation of hypersensitive reaction- and SA-related genes”
Claim · model-written summary
Prokaryotic expression of ScPOD01 did not enhance bacterial stress tolerance.
- Taxon
- sugarcanee1
- Treatment
- prokaryotic expressione0
- Gene
- ScPOD01e1
- Outcome
- bacterial stress tolerancee0
- Direction
- did not enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“however its prokaryotic expression did not enhance bacterial stress tolerance”
e1“Its homolog ScPOD01 was subsequently isolated from sugarcane hybrid cultivars”
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