Abstract
Water deficit is a major constraint limiting the growth and yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). A pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae BIHB 1148 (strain F14) and Pseudomonas alkylphenolica PF9 (strain L13) on faba bean drought resilience. Two irrigation regimes were applied: well-watered (80% of field capacity) versus water-stressed (40% of field capacity). Strain F14 was used to ensure effective biological nitrogen fixation, while strain L13 was applied in co-inoculation to evaluate its biostimulatory effects. The control plants received nitrogen in its chemical form. Results indicated that water deficit significantly (p < 0.001) reduced plant growth, nodulation, and photosynthesis-related parameters, and increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, which are key markers of oxidative stress. However, co-inoculation with strains F14 and L13 significantly enhanced shoot and root biomass, as well as most agro-morphological traits. It also stimulated (p < 0.05) the antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (3-fold), guaiacol peroxidase (12%), and catalase (104%), and increased proline content (119%), which led to lower levels of MDA (54% decrease) and H2O2 (55% decrease), improved membrane stability, water status, and enhanced photosynthesis. Overall, co-inoculation of faba bean with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae BIHB 1148 and Pseudomonas alkylphenolica PF9 offers a promising and sustainable approach to improve plant resilience under water deficit.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation with strains F14 and L13 significantly enhanced shoot and root biomass of faba bean compared with control plants.
- Taxon
- faba bean
Vicia fabae0 - Treatment
- co-inoculation with strains F14 and L13e2
- Interactor
- Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciaeRhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciaee1symbiont
- Second interactor
- Pseudomonas alkylphenolicaPseudomonas alkylphenolicae1symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot and root biomasse2
- Direction
- enhancede2
- Comparator
- control plantse3
- Setting
- under controlled conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water deficit is a major constraint limiting the growth and yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
e1“A pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae BIHB 1148 (strain F14) and Pseudomonas alkylphenolica PF9 (strain L13) on faba bean drought resilience”
e2“co-inoculation with strains F14 and L13 significantly enhanced shoot and root biomass, as well as most agro-morphological traits”
e3“The control plants received nitrogen in its chemical form”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit significantly reduced faba bean plant growth compared with well-watered plants.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- water deficite4
- Outcome
- plant growthe4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Comparator
- well-waterede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water deficit is a major constraint limiting the growth and yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
e4“Results indicated that water deficit significantly (p < 0.001) reduced plant growth, nodulation, and photosynthesis-related parameters”
e7“Two irrigation regimes were applied: well-watered (80% of field capacity) versus water-stressed (40% of field capacity)”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit increased hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels in faba bean compared with well-watered plants.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- water deficite0
- Outcome
- hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levelse4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Comparator
- well-waterede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water deficit is a major constraint limiting the growth and yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
e4“and increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, which are key markers of oxidative stress”
e7“Two irrigation regimes were applied: well-watered (80% of field capacity) versus water-stressed (40% of field capacity)”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation increased superoxide dismutase activity threefold in faba bean.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae1
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas alkylphenolicaPseudomonas alkylphenolicae1symbiont
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutasee5
- Direction
- stimulatede5
- Value
- 3-folde5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae BIHB 1148 (strain F14) and Pseudomonas alkylphenolica PF9 (strain L13) on faba bean drought resilience”
e5“It also stimulated (p < 0.05) the antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (3-fold)”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation increased guaiacol peroxidase activity by 12% in faba bean.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae1
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas alkylphenolicaPseudomonas alkylphenolicae1symbiont
- Outcome
- guaiacol peroxidasee5
- Direction
- stimulatede5
- Value
- 12%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae BIHB 1148 (strain F14) and Pseudomonas alkylphenolica PF9 (strain L13) on faba bean drought resilience”
e5“It also stimulated (p < 0.05) the antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (3-fold), guaiacol peroxidase (12%), and catalase (104%), and increased proline content (119%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation increased catalase activity by 104% in faba bean.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae1
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas alkylphenolicaPseudomonas alkylphenolicae1symbiont
- Outcome
- catalasee5
- Direction
- stimulatede5
- Value
- 104%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae BIHB 1148 (strain F14) and Pseudomonas alkylphenolica PF9 (strain L13) on faba bean drought resilience”
e5“It also stimulated (p < 0.05) the antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (3-fold), guaiacol peroxidase (12%), and catalase (104%), and increased proline content (119%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation increased proline content by 119% in faba bean.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae1
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas alkylphenolicaPseudomonas alkylphenolicae1symbiont
- Outcome
- proline contente5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 119%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae BIHB 1148 (strain F14) and Pseudomonas alkylphenolica PF9 (strain L13) on faba bean drought resilience”
e5“and increased proline content (119%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation lowered malondialdehyde levels by 54% in faba bean.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae1
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas alkylphenolicaPseudomonas alkylphenolicae1symbiont
- Outcome
- MDAe6
- Direction
- lowere6
- Value
- 54%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae BIHB 1148 (strain F14) and Pseudomonas alkylphenolica PF9 (strain L13) on faba bean drought resilience”
e6“which led to lower levels of MDA (54% decrease)”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation lowered hydrogen peroxide levels by 55% in faba bean.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae1
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas alkylphenolicaPseudomonas alkylphenolicae1symbiont
- Outcome
- H2O2e6
- Direction
- lowere6
- Value
- 55%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae BIHB 1148 (strain F14) and Pseudomonas alkylphenolica PF9 (strain L13) on faba bean drought resilience”
e6“which led to lower levels of MDA (54% decrease) and H2O2 (55% decrease), improved membrane stability, water status, and enhanced photosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation improved membrane stability, water status and photosynthesis of faba bean under water deficit.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae1
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas alkylphenolicaPseudomonas alkylphenolicae1symbiont
- Outcome
- photosynthesise6
- Direction
- enhancede6
- Qualifier
- improved membrane stability, water statuse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae BIHB 1148 (strain F14) and Pseudomonas alkylphenolica PF9 (strain L13) on faba bean drought resilience”
e6“improved membrane stability, water status, and enhanced photosynthesis”
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