Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the most important plants segmented negative-strand RNA viruses (NSVs). Plants employ the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy pathways to degrade viral effector proteins, forming a key antiviral defense layer. SnRK1 functions as a central energy sensor and plays pivotal roles in plant growth and development, as well as immune defense. However, whether SnRK1 modulates the infection of plant segmented NSVs and the underlying regulatory mechanisms remains elusive. In this study, we found that nonstructural protein NSs, a viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR) encoded by TSWV, specifically interacts with the catalytic α subunit of host SnRK1 (SnRK1α). NbSnRK1α promotes the degradation of NSs via the 26S proteasome pathway, independently of autophagy. Transient silencing of NbSnRK1α led to increased accumulation of the NSs protein. Furthermore, we found that NbSnRK1α significantly impairs the VSR activity of NSs by promoting its degradation, thereby restoring the host’s RNAi-mediated antiviral defense. Subsequent viral infection assays confirmed that NbSnRK1α inhibits TSWV replication, whereas silencing NbSnRK1α enhances the susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to TSWV infection and facilitates systemic viral spread and disease symptom development. Our study uncovers a new antiviral defense case by which NbSnRK1α enhances host antiviral immunity through targeting a segmented negative-strand RNA viral effector for 26S proteasomal degradation, broadening the understanding of the NbSnRK1’s role in broad-spectrum antiviral defense.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The TSWV nonstructural protein NSs specifically interacts with SnRK1α in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae5 - Interactor
- Tomato spotted wilt virus
Orthotospovirus tomatomaculaee0pathogen - Gene
- SnRK1αe1
- Outcome
- specifically interacts with the catalytic α subunit of host SnRK1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the most important plants segmented negative-strand RNA viruses (NSVs)”
e1“nonstructural protein NSs, a viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR) encoded by TSWV, specifically interacts with the catalytic α subunit of host SnRK1 (SnRK1α)”
e5“silencing NbSnRK1α enhances the susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to TSWV infection and facilitates systemic viral spread and disease symptom development”
Claim · model-written summary
NbSnRK1α promotes degradation of NSs via the 26S proteasome pathway, independently of autophagy.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae5
- Gene
- NbSnRK1αe2
- Outcome
- degradation of NSse2
- Qualifier
- via the 26S proteasome pathway, independently of autophagye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“NbSnRK1α promotes the degradation of NSs via the 26S proteasome pathway, independently of autophagy”
e5“silencing NbSnRK1α enhances the susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to TSWV infection and facilitates systemic viral spread and disease symptom development”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient silencing of NbSnRK1α increased accumulation of the NSs protein in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae5
- Treatment
- Transient silencing of NbSnRK1αe3
- Gene
- NbSnRK1αe3
- Outcome
- accumulation of the NSs proteine3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Transient silencing of NbSnRK1α led to increased accumulation of the NSs protein”
e5“silencing NbSnRK1α enhances the susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to TSWV infection and facilitates systemic viral spread and disease symptom development”
Claim · model-written summary
NbSnRK1α significantly impairs the VSR activity of NSs by promoting its degradation.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae5
- Gene
- NbSnRK1αe4
- Outcome
- VSR activity of NSse4
- Qualifier
- by promoting its degradatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“NbSnRK1α significantly impairs the VSR activity of NSs by promoting its degradation, thereby restoring the host’s RNAi-mediated antiviral defense”
e5“silencing NbSnRK1α enhances the susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to TSWV infection and facilitates systemic viral spread and disease symptom development”
Claim · model-written summary
NbSnRK1α restores the host RNAi-mediated antiviral defense in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae5
- Gene
- NbSnRK1αe4
- Outcome
- RNAi-mediated antiviral defensee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“NbSnRK1α significantly impairs the VSR activity of NSs by promoting its degradation, thereby restoring the host’s RNAi-mediated antiviral defense”
e5“silencing NbSnRK1α enhances the susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to TSWV infection and facilitates systemic viral spread and disease symptom development”
Claim · model-written summary
NbSnRK1α inhibits TSWV replication.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae5
- Interactor
- Tomato spotted wilt virusOrthotospovirus tomatomaculaee0pathogen
- Gene
- NbSnRK1αe6
- Outcome
- TSWV replicatione6
- Direction
- inhibitse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the most important plants segmented negative-strand RNA viruses (NSVs)”
e5“silencing NbSnRK1α enhances the susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to TSWV infection and facilitates systemic viral spread and disease symptom development”
e6“Subsequent viral infection assays confirmed that NbSnRK1α inhibits TSWV replication”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing NbSnRK1α enhanced the susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to TSWV infection.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae5
- Treatment
- silencing NbSnRK1αe5
- Interactor
- TSWVOrthotospovirus tomatomaculaee5pathogen
- Outcome
- susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to TSWV infectione5
- Direction
- enhancese5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“silencing NbSnRK1α enhances the susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to TSWV infection and facilitates systemic viral spread and disease symptom development”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing NbSnRK1α facilitated systemic viral spread and disease symptom development of TSWV in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae5
- Treatment
- silencing NbSnRK1αe5
- Interactor
- TSWVOrthotospovirus tomatomaculaee5pathogen
- Outcome
- systemic viral spread and disease symptom developmente5
- Direction
- facilitatese5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“silencing NbSnRK1α enhances the susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to TSWV infection and facilitates systemic viral spread and disease symptom development”
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See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.