Abstract
Canola ( Brassica napus L.) is an important industrial crop, but soil salinization severely limits its yield and cultivation area. This study aims to elucidate the physiological response mechanisms of canola to salt and alkali stress by examining the physiological characteristics of canola seedlings and changes in organic acid metabolism in roots and secretions under salt and alkali stress using the S14 variety of canola. At low and high concentrations of salt stress, 14 and 6 differentially expressed organic acid metabolites were identified, respectively. Similarly, under low and high alkali stress concentrations, 33 and 23 organic acid metabolites were differentially expressed, respectively. Analysis of key enzyme activity in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, organic acid content, and KEGG enrichment revealed that canola seedlings respond to salt stress primarily by increasing fatty acid metabolism, promoting energy production, and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the response pathway to alkali stress is distinct, suggesting that it may trigger the transformation and accumulation of glutamic acid metabolites, organic acids, and amino acids. This pathways improves energy metabolism, increasing the antioxidant capacity of crops and plays a critical role in regulating intracellular pH. Additionally, in response to salt stress, canola roots predominantly increase the secretion of substances such as 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid, kynurenic acid, and glutaric acid. Under alkali stress, canola adapts to the alkali environment by secreting increased levels of adipic acid and taurine. These findings provide a robust scientific foundation for screening and cultivation of salt-tolerant canola varieties. • Under saline-alkali stress, organic acid metabolism and root exudates of canola roots were explored. • The core response to salt stress is enhanced energy supply and reactive oxygen species scavenging. • Alkaline stress leads to the coordination of multiple pathways, such as energy metabolism, antioxidant, and osmotic regulation. • The secretion of specific organic acids by roots is a key physiological trait of canola to adapt to alkaline stress.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Low salt stress yielded 14 differentially expressed organic acid metabolites.
- Taxon
- Canola
.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napus var. napust0 - Organ / stage
- rootst0
- Treatment
- lowe0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed organic acid metabolitese0
- Value
- 14e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“At low and high concentrations of salt stress, 14 and 6 differentially expressed organic acid metabolites were identified, respectively.”
t0“roots of canola”
Claim · model-written summary
High salt stress yielded 6 differentially expressed organic acid metabolites.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Organ / stage
- rootst0
- Treatment
- highe0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed organic acid metabolitese0
- Value
- 6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At low and high concentrations of salt stress, 14 and 6 differentially expressed organic acid metabolites were identified, respectively.”
t0“roots of canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Low alkali stress yielded 33 differentially expressed organic acid metabolites.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Organ / stage
- rootst0
- Treatment
- lowe0
- Outcome
- organic acid metabolitese0
- Value
- 33e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under low and high alkali stress concentrations, 33 and 23 organic acid metabolites were differentially expressed, respectively.”
t0“roots of canola”
Claim · model-written summary
High alkali stress yielded 23 differentially expressed organic acid metabolites.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Organ / stage
- rootst0
- Treatment
- high alkali stress concentrationse0
- Outcome
- organic acid metabolitese0
- Value
- 23e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under low and high alkali stress concentrations, 33 and 23 organic acid metabolites were differentially expressed, respectively.”
t0“roots of canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Canola salt response increased fatty acid metabolism and energy production.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- fatty acid metabolism, promoting energy productione0
- Qualifier
- increasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“canola seedlings respond to salt stress primarily by increasing fatty acid metabolism, promoting energy production, and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS).”
Claim · model-written summary
Canola salt response included scavenging reactive oxygen species.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“canola seedlings respond to salt stress primarily by increasing fatty acid metabolism, promoting energy production, and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS).”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkali stress may trigger accumulation of glutamic acid metabolites, organic acids and amino acids.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- alkali stresse0
- Outcome
- transformation and accumulation of glutamic acid metabolites, organic acids, and amino acidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alkali stress is distinct, suggesting that it may trigger the transformation and accumulation of glutamic acid metabolites, organic acids, and amino acids.”
t0“roots of canola”
Claim · model-written summary
The proposed alkali response improves energy metabolism and antioxidant capacity and regulates intracellular pH.
Verbatim
e0“This pathways improves energy metabolism, increasing the antioxidant capacity of crops and plays a critical role in regulating intracellular pH.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased secretion of 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid and kynurenic acid.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- secretion of substances such as 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid, kynurenic acide0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in response to salt stress, canola roots predominantly increase the secretion of substances such as 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid, kynurenic acid, and glutaric acid.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased root secretion of glutaric acid.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- glutaric acide0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in response to salt stress, canola roots predominantly increase the secretion of substances such as 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid, kynurenic acid, and glutaric acid.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkali stress increased secretion of adipic acid and taurine.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- alkali stresse0
- Outcome
- levels of adipic acid and taurinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under alkali stress, canola adapts to the alkali environment by secreting increased levels of adipic acid and taurine.”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · molecular: metabolites · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →alkalinity · molecular: metabolites · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.