Abstract
This study aimed to develop an automated irrigation system for substrate-grown strawberry plants and to evaluate whether irrigation and biostimulation levels influence yield and fruit quality. The system comprised two Arduino Pro Mini devices equipped with LoRa transceivers, substrate moisture sensors, and servomotors for valve control. Six biostimulants were assessed [control (without biostimulation), microalga Spirulina platensis (SP), mycorrhiza Scutellospora heterogama (SH), a mycorrhizal community (SJ CS), SP + SH, and SP + SJ CS] under four irrigation levels [reference tension of 5 kPa (moderate water deficit), 10% above the reference tension (severe water deficit), 10% below the reference tension (mild water deficit), and standard irrigation without restriction] defined by substrate water tension. Data were collected in real time and analyzed using the InfluxDB (version 3 Core) and Grafana (version 12.3.2) platforms. The automated system-controlled valve activation was based on moisture sensor readings, enabling the establishment of irrigation levels supported by energy-efficient technologies. Under standard irrigation, fruits exhibited lower acidity and improved flavor compared to those from plants under water deficit. Plants subjected to mild water deficit or standard irrigation achieved higher yields than those exposed to moderate or severe deficit. Fruits produced by plants treated with S. heterogama showed higher phytochemical concentrations. Overall, the findings support the use of automated irrigation and biostimulation as sustainable management strategies to enhance water use efficiency, productivity, and fruit quality in soilless strawberry cultivation.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Under standard irrigation, strawberry fruits had lower acidity than fruits from plants under water deficit.
- Taxon
- strawberry plants
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae0 - Organ / stage
- fruitse1
- Treatment
- standard irrigatione1
- Outcome
- aciditye1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- plants under water deficite1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“This study aimed to develop an automated irrigation system for substrate-grown strawberry plants”
e1“Under standard irrigation, fruits exhibited lower acidity and improved flavor compared to those from plants under water deficit”
Claim · model-written summary
Under standard irrigation, strawberry fruits had improved flavor compared to fruits from plants under water deficit.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse1
- Treatment
- standard irrigatione1
- Outcome
- flavore1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Comparator
- plants under water deficite1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study aimed to develop an automated irrigation system for substrate-grown strawberry plants”
e1“Under standard irrigation, fruits exhibited lower acidity and improved flavor compared to those from plants under water deficit”
Claim · model-written summary
Mild water deficit or standard irrigation gave higher strawberry yields than moderate or severe deficit.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- mild water deficit or standard irrigatione2
- Outcome
- yieldse2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- moderate or severe deficite2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study aimed to develop an automated irrigation system for substrate-grown strawberry plants”
e2“Plants subjected to mild water deficit or standard irrigation achieved higher yields than those exposed to moderate or severe deficit”
Claim · model-written summary
Strawberry fruits from plants treated with S. heterogama had higher phytochemical concentrations.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae0
- Organ / stage
- Fruitse3
- Treatment
- treated with S. heterogamae3
- Interactor
- S. heterogamaDentiscutata heterogamae3symbiont
- Outcome
- phytochemical concentrationse3
- Direction
- highere3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study aimed to develop an automated irrigation system for substrate-grown strawberry plants”
e3“Fruits produced by plants treated with S. heterogama showed higher phytochemical concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
The automated system valve activation based on moisture sensor readings enabled the establishment of irrigation levels.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae0
- Outcome
- establishment of irrigation levelse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study aimed to develop an automated irrigation system for substrate-grown strawberry plants”
e4“The automated system-controlled valve activation was based on moisture sensor readings, enabling the establishment of irrigation levels supported by energy-efficient technologies”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors support automated irrigation and biostimulation as sustainable management strategies for soilless strawberry cultivation.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae5
- Outcome
- the use of automated irrigation and biostimulation as sustainable management strategiese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“the findings support the use of automated irrigation and biostimulation as sustainable management strategies to enhance water use efficiency, productivity, and fruit quality in soilless strawberry cultivation”
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