Abstract
Nitrogen and sulphur are among the most important plant nutrients (along with C, H, and O) and the main elements comprising the organic substance of plants. In this study, it is assumed that light soils (Cambisols) do not naturally meet the nitrogen and sulphur needs of spring wheat and, consequently, impact the phosphorus and silicon content in the plant biomass. Therefore, to determine the effect of N and S on the content and uptake of these elements at specific growth stages (BBCH 30–31: in leaves, BBCH 55–59: in whole plants, BBCH 89–90: in grain and straw), a three-year field experiment was conducted using different doses of nitrogen (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha−1) and sulphur (0, 50 kg ha−1). The results show that fertilisation with N and S had a significant effect on increasing the content and uptake of P and Si by phytomass in the phenostages studied. In general, as the N fertilisation dose increased, the yields of phytomass and grain increased. A beneficial effect of S on increases in green weight, straw, and spring wheat grain was found. A significant effect of N and S fertilisation on the growth of the Si:P ratio in individual parts of plants in the studied stages was also observed. A significant positive correlation between P and Si content was proven, indicating that the two elements do not act antagonistically towards each other. In contrast, a negative correlation was observed between the P content in plants and their Si uptake. Si is taken up more strongly by plants under conditions of N and S fertilisation, as evidenced by the increase in the Si:P ratio and the fact that plants accumulated on average 3.5 times more Si than P. The highest Si content was found in the green parts of plants in the BBCH 30–31 and BBCH 55–59 stages, while in BBCH 89–92, straw had nearly half that amount and grain contained a thousand times less silicon.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
N and S fertilization significantly increased P and Si content in spring wheat biomass.
- Taxon
- Spring Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- fertilisation with N and Se0
- Outcome
- contente0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertilisation with N and S had a significant effect on increasing the content and uptake of P and Si by phytomass in the phenostages studied.”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
N and S fertilization significantly increased P and Si uptake in spring wheat biomass.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fertilisation with N and Se0
- Outcome
- uptake of P and Si by phytomasse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertilisation with N and S had a significant effect on increasing the content and uptake of P and Si by phytomass in the phenostages studied.”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing N dose increased spring wheat phytomass yield.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N fertilisation dosee0
- Outcome
- yields of phytomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as the N fertilisation dose increased, the yields of phytomass and grain increased.”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing N dose increased spring wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N fertilisation dosee0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as the N fertilisation dose increased, the yields of phytomass and grain increased.”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
S fertilization increased spring wheat green weight and straw.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Se0
- Outcome
- green weight, strawe0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A beneficial effect of S on increases in green weight, straw, and spring wheat grain was found.”
Claim · model-written summary
S fertilization increased spring wheat grain.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Se0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A beneficial effect of S on increases in green weight, straw, and spring wheat grain was found.”
Claim · model-written summary
N and S fertilization significantly increased the Si:P ratio in spring wheat plant parts.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N and S fertilisatione0
- Outcome
- Si:P ratioe0
- Direction
- growthe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant effect of N and S fertilisation on the growth of the Si:P ratio in individual parts of plants in the studied stages was also observed.”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring wheat P and Si content were significantly positively correlated.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Sie0
- Outcome
- P and Si contente0
- Direction
- positive correlatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant positive correlation between P and Si content was proven”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring wheat P content and Si uptake were negatively correlated.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Sie0
- Outcome
- P content in plantse0
- Direction
- negative correlatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a negative correlation was observed between the P content in plants and their Si uptake.”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring wheat took up Si more strongly with N and S fertilizer.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N and S fertilisatione0
- Outcome
- Si is taken upe0
- Direction
- more stronglye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si is taken up more strongly by plants under conditions of N and S fertilisation”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring wheat plants accumulated on average 3.5 times more Si than P.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants accumulated on average 3.5 times more Si than P.”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest Si content occurred in green spring wheat parts at BBCH 30–31 and BBCH 55–59.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- green parts of plantse0
- Outcome
- Si contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- BBCH 30–31 and BBCH 55–59 stagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest Si content was found in the green parts of plants in the BBCH 30–31 and BBCH 55–59 stages”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring wheat straw at BBCH 89–92 had nearly half as much Si as green parts.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- strawe0
- Outcome
- silicone0
- Direction
- nearly halfe0
- Qualifier
- BBCH 89–92e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while in BBCH 89–92, straw had nearly half that amount and grain contained a thousand times less silicon.”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spring wheat grain at BBCH 89–92 had a thousand times less silicon than green parts.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- graine0
- Outcome
- silicone0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- a thousand timese0
- Qualifier
- BBCH 89–92e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while in BBCH 89–92, straw had nearly half that amount and grain contained a thousand times less silicon.”
t0“Spring Wheat”
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