Abstract
The growth and yield response of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to fertilizer and other crop management inputs on Nigerian soils derived from coastal plain sands has been little studied. This greenhouse evaluation was aimed to determine the impact of chicken manure (CM) and 2,4-epibrassinolide (BR) on the growth and yield of groundnut. Four levels of CM: 0, 5, 10 and 15 tons/ha denoted as CM0, CM3, CM2 and CM1, respectively were factorially applied with two levels of foliar-sprayed BR [with: BR1= 100 and 150 mL, and without: BR0= 0 mL (control)], and arranged into a completely randomized design with three replications. The growth and yield attributes of groundnut were significantly improved across CM + BR combination, irrespective of CM levels. Plants grown in 15 tons/ha CM amended soil and sprayed with BR flowered earlier [29 days after sowing (DAS)] than the control (CM0BR0) (46 DAS). Light interception was significantly higher in treatment CM1BR1 relative to the other treatment combinations across the sampling periods. The combined 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BR treatment significantly produced the highest number of branches (8), pods (19), mean pod weight (36.20 g/plant), shoot dry weight (43.59 g/plant), 100-seed weight (26.10 g) and seed yield (9.84 g/plant). This treatment combination has potential to maximize groundnut yield in Calabar environs, but this is subject to field validation in subsequent trials.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
CM plus BR combinations significantly improved groundnut growth and yield attributes regardless of manure level.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- CM + BR combinatione0
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributese0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- irrespective of CM levelse0
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth and yield attributes of groundnut were significantly improved across CM + BR combination, irrespective of CM levels.”
e1“This greenhouse evaluation”
Claim · model-written summary
Groundnut receiving 15 tons/ha CM and BR flowered at 29 DAS, earlier than the control at 46 DAS.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- 15 tons/ha CM amended soil and sprayed with BRe0
- Outcome
- flowerede0
- Direction
- earliere0
- Value
- 29 days after sowing (DAS)e0
- Qualifier
- 46 DASe0
- Comparator
- control (CM0BR0)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants grown in 15 tons/ha CM amended soil and sprayed with BR flowered earlier [29 days after sowing (DAS)] than the control (CM0BR0) (46 DAS).”
e1“growth and yield attributes of groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
CM1BR1 significantly increased light interception relative to other treatment combinations across sampling periods.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- CM1BR1e0
- Outcome
- Light interceptione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- across the sampling periodse0
- Comparator
- other treatment combinationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Light interception was significantly higher in treatment CM1BR1 relative to the other treatment combinations across the sampling periods.”
e1“growth and yield attributes of groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
15 tons/ha CM plus 250 mL BR produced the significantly highest branch number, 8.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BRe0
- Outcome
- number of branchese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 8e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BR treatment significantly produced the highest number of branches (8), pods (19), mean pod weight (36.20 g/plant), shoot dry weight (43.59 g/plant), 100-seed weight (26.10 g) and seed yield (9.84 g/plant).”
e1“growth and yield attributes of groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
15 tons/ha CM plus 250 mL BR produced the significantly highest pod number, 19.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BRe0
- Outcome
- podse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 19e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BR treatment significantly produced the highest number of branches (8), pods (19)”
e1“growth and yield attributes of groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
15 tons/ha CM plus 250 mL BR produced the significantly highest mean pod weight, 36.20 g/plant.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BRe0
- Outcome
- mean pod weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 36.20 g/plante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BR treatment significantly produced the highest number of branches (8), pods (19), mean pod weight (36.20 g/plant)”
e1“growth and yield attributes of groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
15 tons/ha CM plus 250 mL BR produced the significantly highest shoot dry weight, 43.59 g/plant.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BRe0
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 43.59 g/plante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BR treatment significantly produced the highest number of branches (8), pods (19), mean pod weight (36.20 g/plant), shoot dry weight (43.59 g/plant)”
e1“growth and yield attributes of groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
15 tons/ha CM plus 250 mL BR produced the significantly highest 100-seed weight, 26.10 g.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BRe0
- Outcome
- 100-seed weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 26.10 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BR treatment significantly produced the highest number of branches (8), pods (19), mean pod weight (36.20 g/plant), shoot dry weight (43.59 g/plant), 100-seed weight (26.10 g)”
e1“growth and yield attributes of groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
15 tons/ha CM plus 250 mL BR produced the significantly highest seed yield, 9.84 g/plant.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BRe0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 9.84 g/plante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined 15 tons/ha CM and 250 mL BR treatment significantly produced the highest number of branches (8), pods (19), mean pod weight (36.20 g/plant), shoot dry weight (43.59 g/plant), 100-seed weight (26.10 g) and seed yield (9.84 g/plant).”
e1“growth and yield attributes of groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest the treatment combination could maximize groundnut yield in Calabar environs, subject to field validation.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- maximize groundnut yielde0
- Qualifier
- subject to field validation in subsequent trialse0
- Setting
- Calabar environse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment combination has potential to maximize groundnut yield in Calabar environs, but this is subject to field validation in subsequent trials.”
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