Abstract
ABSTRACT Background : Low phosphorus (P) use efficiency and rhizosphere hypoxia limit crop performance in intensive greenhouse production systems. Aims : This study aimed to examine whether aerated drip irrigation (ADI) enhances soil P activation and plant P uptake by regulating P fractions, enzymatic activities, root traits, and root exudates under varying P inputs. Methods : A factorial design experiment combining two irrigation modes (ADI and conventional drip irrigation [CDI]) with three P levels (0, 75, and 150 kg ha −1 ) was conducted. Soil P fractions, acid phosphatase (ACP) activity, root morphology, and root exudate metabolomics were analyzed. Results : Compared with CDI, ADI decreased soil organic P and increased labile P fractions, and particularly under the 75 kg ha −1 P (P 1 ) rate, ACP increased activity by up to 56.5%. The ADI under P 1 significantly improved root morphology, such as root length and tip number by 18.3% and 37.4%, respectively. Simultaneously, ADI significantly upregulated the exudation of P‐mobilizing metabolites (e.g., phenolic acids, sphingosine). Consequently, ADI under P 1 enhanced yield (12.7%) and P use efficiency (12.7%). Conclusions : ADI successfully enhances P activation and utilization by elevating ACP activity, optimizing root foraging traits, and shifting exudate profiles. Combining ADI with a moderate P input maximizes productivity, offering a sustainable strategy to reduce fertilizer reliance.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Aerated drip irrigation decreased soil organic phosphorus relative to conventional drip irrigation.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CDI, ADI decreased soil organic P and increased labile P fractions”
t0“Greenhouse Tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerated drip irrigation increased labile soil phosphorus fractions relative to conventional drip irrigation.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CDI, ADI decreased soil organic P and increased labile P fractions”
t0“Greenhouse Tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 75 kg ha −1 phosphorus, aerated drip irrigation increased acid phosphatase activity by up to 56.5%.
- Treatment
- ADIe1
- Outcome
- ACP increased activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 56.5%e0
- Qualifier
- 75 kg ha −1 Pe0
- Comparator
- CDIe1
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“under the 75 kg ha −1 P (P 1 ) rate, ACP increased activity by up to 56.5%”
e1“Compared with CDI, ADI decreased soil organic P and increased labile P fractions”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerated drip irrigation under P 1 increased tomato root length by 18.3%.
- Taxon
- Tomatoes
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- ADI under P 1e0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 18.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ADI under P 1 significantly improved root morphology, such as root length and tip number by 18.3% and 37.4%, respectively.”
t0“Greenhouse Tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerated drip irrigation under P 1 increased tomato root tip number by 37.4%.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ADI under P 1e0
- Outcome
- tip numbere0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 37.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ADI under P 1 significantly improved root morphology, such as root length and tip number by 18.3% and 37.4%, respectively.”
t0“Greenhouse Tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerated drip irrigation increased exudation of phosphorus-mobilizing metabolites.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ADIe0
- Outcome
- exudation of P‐mobilizing metabolitese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ADI significantly upregulated the exudation of P‐mobilizing metabolites (e.g., phenolic acids, sphingosine)”
t0“Greenhouse Tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerated drip irrigation under P 1 increased tomato yield by 12.7%.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ADI under P 1e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 12.7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ADI under P 1 enhanced yield (12.7%) and P use efficiency (12.7%)”
t0“Greenhouse Tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerated drip irrigation under P 1 increased tomato phosphorus use efficiency by 12.7%.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ADI under P 1e0
- Outcome
- P use efficiencye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 12.7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ADI under P 1 enhanced yield (12.7%) and P use efficiency (12.7%)”
t0“Greenhouse Tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend combining aerated drip irrigation with moderate phosphorus input to maximize productivity and reduce fertilizer reliance.
- Taxon
- TomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ADI with a moderate P inpute0
- Outcome
- maximizes productivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combining ADI with a moderate P input maximizes productivity, offering a sustainable strategy to reduce fertilizer reliance.”
t0“Greenhouse Tomatoes”
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