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“decrease in dry weight”

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

At nursery stage, upland farming significantly increased root active absorption area and leaf glycolic acid oxidase activity.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Organ / stage: nursery seedling stagese0
Treatment: upland farminge0
Gene: glycolic acid oxidasee0
Outcome: active absorption areas of roots, the activity of glycolic acid oxidase in leavese0
Direction: increasee0
Comparator: waterlogged soil conditione1

Verbatim

e0
“the active absorption areas of roots, the activity of glycolic acid oxidase in leaves, the contents of chlorophyll a, b and a + b, the contents of NRA and NO_3-N both in leaves and roots increase significantly during nursery seedling stages in upland farming”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 680–938

t0
“Rice Plant under Upland Farming with Mulching”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–72

e1
“Compared with rice on waterlogged soil condition,dry matter ratios of root to shoot, leaf length, maximum root length, average root length, and root dry matter weight decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 240–415

Title

Physiological Responses to Rice Plant under Upland Farming with Mulching

Guoxian Cui; Qirong Shen; Fan Xiaorong JOURNAL OF HUNAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY 2003

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Upland farming reduced root to shoot dry matter ratio, leaf length, root lengths and root dry matter weight relative to waterlogged soil.
Intervention effect Upland farming increased white root number and its proportion of total roots.
Observation Thin roots and root hairs occurred in upland rice.
Intervention effect At nursery stage, upland farming significantly increased chlorophyll and nitrate reductase activity and nitrate nitrogen content.
Intervention effect Upland farming lowered net photosynthesis rate.
Intervention effect The chlorophyll a to b ratio changed little under upland farming.
Intervention effect From panicle differentiation to heading, NRA, nitrate and chlorophyll stayed higher in upland rice.
Observation The chlorophyll a to b ratio decreased by 0.12 units from panicle differentiation to heading.
Intervention effect Net photosynthesis rate approached the waterlogged condition level.
Intervention effect Upland farming produced greater endogenous hormone changes than waterlogged cultivation.
Intervention effect At panicle differentiation, upland cultivation increased root and leaf ABA and root GA.
Intervention effect At panicle differentiation, upland cultivation decreased leaf GA and iPA and root iPA.
Intervention effect Root IAA increased strongly in Shanyou 63 under upland cultivation.
Intervention effect Root IAA showed the reverse response in upland rice 85-15.
Intervention effect At maturity, leaf IAA and GA and root iPA increased in upland rice.
Intervention effect At maturity, root and leaf ABA decreased in upland rice.
Association Root GA and IAA and leaf iPA differed significantly among varieties.

Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing Zn concentration in the spray solution significantly increased N, K and Zn concentrations in olive leaves.

Taxon: oliveOlea europaeat0
Organ / stage: leavese0
Treatment: Zn concentration in the spray solutione0
Outcome: N,K and Zn concentration in the leavese0
Direction: increasee0

Verbatim

t0
“OLIVE SEEDLING”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 18–32

e0
“there were significant increase in the N,K and Zn concentration in the leaves, seedlings leaves area, stem high and diameter, number of new branches, dry weight of leaves, stem and roots, and a significant decrease in the concentration of P and Fe in the leaves with the increase of Zn concentration in the spray solution”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 392–713

Title

RESPONSE STUDY OF OLIVE SEEDLING TO FOLIAR APPLICATION OF CHELATED ZINC

Jassim Al-Aareji; Raida AL-Hamadany; Muna Al-Hamadany Mağallaẗ zirāʿaẗ al-rāfidayn 2006. doi:10.33899/magrj.2006.26368

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

boric acid decreasing potassium and magnesium of shoot and root systems

Taxon: barleyHordeum vulgaret0
Treatment: boric acide0
Outcome: potassium and magnesium of shoot and root systemse0
Direction: decreasinge0
Comparator: the other treatmentse0

Verbatim

t0
“barley plant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 79–91

e0
“Vhile the results showed that when soil treated with boric acid lead to significant decrease in shoot length and dry weight of shoot ,root systems, chlorophyll a,b content of leaves and cell membrane stability and increase in protein concentrations of shoot and root systems by decreasing potassium and magnesium of shoot and root systems as compared with the other treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 784–1160

Title

Effect of some mineral nutrients in growth and some physiological variables in barley plant

Faeza Mahmood; Hussain Mohammed; Farah Salih Mağallaẗ al-tarbiyaẗ wa-al-ʻilm 2007. doi:10.33899/edusj.2007.162807

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect calcium chloride increasing shoot length and its dry weight, root length
Intervention effect calcium chloride increasing leaves content of protein and carbohydrate
Intervention effect calcium chloride increasing calcium, magnesium, potassium concentrations
Intervention effect boric acid significant decrease shoot length and dry weight of shoot ,root systems
Intervention effect boric acid significant decrease chlorophyll a,b content of leaves and cell membrane stability
Intervention effect boric acid increase protein concentrations of shoot and root systems

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 120 mM NaCl, wheat leaf cellular cross-sectional area was reduced by 32% at 5 mm from the base.

Taxon: leafe0
Organ / stage: leafe0
Treatment: 120 mM NaCle0
Outcome: cellular cross-sectional areae0
Direction: reducede0
Value: 32%e0
Qualifier: at 5 mme0
Comparator: the region between 5 and 30 mm from the leaf basee0

Verbatim

e0
“The cellular cross-sectional area of the leaf at 120 mM NaCl was reduced by 32% at 5 mm, as compared with about 36% averaged from the region between 5 and 30 mm from the leaf base”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 735–914

Title

Reduced cellular cross-sectional area in the leaf elongation zone of wheat causes a decrease in dry weight deposition under saline conditions

Yuncai Hu; Urs Schmidhalter Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 2001. doi:10.1071/pp00073

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The later nitrogen mix raised nicotine, soluble total sugar and starch contents.

Taxon: TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
Treatment: 20% nitrogen of cake fertilizer+40% NO~-_3-N+40% NH~+_4-Ne0
Outcome: contents of nicotine, soluble total sugar and starche0
Direction: highere0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Flue-cured Tobacco Root System”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 55–85

e0
“20% nitrogen of cake fertilizer+40% NO~-_3-N+40% NH~+_4-N at later stage, which led to the enhancement of root activity, the decrease of breath intensity, the increase of root dry matter weight, better downward stretching of root in soil, higher contents of nicotine, soluble total sugar and starch”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 316–614

Title

Effect of Nitrogen Source on Growth and Development of Flue-cured Tobacco Root System

Weiqun Liu; Weimin Wang; Chen Liang-cun; et al. 2004

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Equal nitrate and ammonium nitrogen promoted early tobacco root growth and development.
Intervention effect The cake fertilizer, nitrate and ammonium mix promoted later root growth and development.
Intervention effect The later nitrogen mix enhanced root activity.
Intervention effect The later nitrogen mix decreased root breath intensity.
Intervention effect The later nitrogen mix increased root dry matter weight.
Intervention effect The later nitrogen mix improved downward root extension in soil.
Intervention effect The later nitrogen mix produced a vigorous root system.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

March girdling on MM 106 rootstock gave the highest increases in fruiting and quality traits.

Taxon: appleMalus domesticat0
Material: MM 106 rootstocke0
Treatment: girdling old shoots on mid-Marche0
Outcome: fruit set %, spurs number, leaf areae0
Direction: highest increasee0

Verbatim

e0
“girdling old shoots on mid-March treatment of the some trees onto MM 106 rootstock signiﬁcantly gave the highest increase of fruit set %, spurs number, leaf area, dry matter %, fruit weight, volume, diameter and length, total soluble solids (TSS %) and total carbohydrates %, C/N ratio, ABA and IAA, while gave significant decrease in fruit firmness, acidity, leaf N content in the ist and 2nd seasons.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 986–1388

t0
“APPLE TREES”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–82

Title

EFFECT OF BENDING AND GIRDLING SHOOTS ON GROWTH AND FRUITING OF "ANNA" APPLE TREES GRAFTED ON TWO APPLE ROOTSTOCKS

Eman Kandil,; A. Hussein; I. Saied Journal of Plant Production 2006. doi:10.21608/jpp.2006.235789

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Most bending and girdling treatments increased fruit set, spur number, and leaf area relative to control.
Intervention effect Treatments increased fruit weight, volume, diameter and length.
Intervention effect Treatments increased dry matter, soluble solids, carbohydrates, C/N ratio and hormones.
Intervention effect Treatments reduced fruit firmness, acidity and total nitrogen.
Observation November bending on Malus rootstock gave the highest increase in fruit set, spur number, leaf area, dry matter, fruit traits, solids, carbohydrate ratio and hormones.
Recommendation The authors recommend November bending on Malus and March girdling on MM 106.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Low Cu increased ribonuclease and peroxidase activities and reducing sugar concentration compared with normal Cu.

Taxon: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaree0
Treatment: Low Cu levelse1
Outcome: activities of ribonuclease and peroxidase and concentration of reducing sugarse1
Direction: increasee1
Comparator: normal (1 µM)e0

Verbatim

e0
“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. Jyoti was grown in refined sand at three levels of Cu, namely, deficient (0.01 µM), normal (1 µM), and excess (100 µM)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–159

e1
“Low Cu levels resulted in a decrease of the dry weight of whole plant and in the leaf chlorophyll content as well as Cu and Fe concentrations and activity of polyphenol oxidase and in an increase of the activities of ribonuclease and peroxidase and concentration of reducing sugars”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 238–519

Title

Variation in calcium levels leads to changes in the copper metabolism in barley

Chitralekha Chatterjee; Nirmala Nautiyal Soil Science & Plant Nutrition 2001. doi:10.1080/00380768.2001.10408363

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Low Cu decreased the dry weight of the whole barley plant compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Cu decreased leaf chlorophyll content compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Cu decreased leaf Cu and Fe concentrations compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Cu decreased polyphenol oxidase activity compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Combined deficiency of Cu and Ca further accentuated the low-Cu effects.
Intervention effect Low Ca further reduced dry weight under excess Cu.
Intervention effect Low Ca further reduced leaf chlorophyll and Fe concentrations under excess Cu.
Intervention effect Low Ca increased sugar concentration and polyphenol oxidase and ribonuclease activities under excess Cu.
Intervention effect Excess Ca further enhanced the Cu toxicity effects in barley.
Intervention effect Adding normal Cu to low-Cu plants alleviated Cu deficiency effects.
Intervention effect Resuming Ca supply partially alleviated the effects of Ca deficiency in barley leaf discs.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increased UV-B radiation had no impact on the respiration coefficient of winter wheat in both stages.

Taxon: winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
Treatment: increase in UV-B radiatione1
Outcome: respiration coefficiente1
Direction: no impacte1
Qualifier: during both stagese1
Setting: indoor pot experimente0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“An indoor pot experiment along with laboratory analysis was done to study the influence of increased UV-B radiation on C and N metabolisms of winter wheat during elongation-pregnant and heading stages”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–200

e1
“An increase in UV-B radiation could significantly decrease the aboveground dry matter weight of winter wheat during elongation-pregnant and heading stages and the plant-mediated respiration rate in the former stage, but it induced no impact on respiration coefficient during both stages”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 202–488

Title

Influence of Increased UV-B Radiation on C and N Metabolism of Winter Wheat

Yao Huang Nongye huanjing kexue xuebao 2007

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Increased UV-B radiation significantly decreased aboveground dry matter weight of winter wheat at elongation-pregnant and heading stages.
Intervention effect Increased UV-B radiation significantly decreased the plant-mediated respiration rate in the former (elongation-pregnant) stage.
Intervention effect UV-treated winter wheat leaves had less chlorophyll a content than untreated leaves in both stages.
Intervention effect UV-treated winter wheat leaves had more arotenoid than untreated leaves in both stages.
Intervention effect UV-treated winter wheat leaves had less soluble sugar during the elongation-pregnant stage.
Intervention effect UV-treated winter wheat leaves showed no change in nitrate content and nitrate reductase activity during heading stage.
Intervention effect UV treatment significantly increased glutamine synthetase activity in winter wheat leaves.
Intervention effect UV treatment significantly increased soluble protein and free amino acid concentrations in winter wheat leaves in both stages.
Intervention effect Increasing UV-B radiation could accelerate N metabolism of winter wheat.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined deficiency of Cu and Ca further accentuated the low-Cu effects.

Taxon: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaree0
Treatment: combined deficiency in Cu and Cae2
Outcome: These effectse2
Direction: accentuatede2
Comparator: Low Cu levelse1

Verbatim

e0
“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. Jyoti was grown in refined sand at three levels of Cu, namely, deficient (0.01 µM), normal (1 µM), and excess (100 µM)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–159

e1
“Low Cu levels resulted in a decrease of the dry weight of whole plant and in the leaf chlorophyll content as well as Cu and Fe concentrations and activity of polyphenol oxidase and in an increase of the activities of ribonuclease and peroxidase and concentration of reducing sugars”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 238–519

e2
“These effects were further accentuated by a combined deficiency in Cu and Ca”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 521–597

Title

Variation in calcium levels leads to changes in the copper metabolism in barley

Chitralekha Chatterjee; Nirmala Nautiyal Soil Science & Plant Nutrition 2001. doi:10.1080/00380768.2001.10408363

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Low Cu decreased the dry weight of the whole barley plant compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Cu decreased leaf chlorophyll content compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Cu decreased leaf Cu and Fe concentrations compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Cu decreased polyphenol oxidase activity compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Cu increased ribonuclease and peroxidase activities and reducing sugar concentration compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Ca further reduced dry weight under excess Cu.
Intervention effect Low Ca further reduced leaf chlorophyll and Fe concentrations under excess Cu.
Intervention effect Low Ca increased sugar concentration and polyphenol oxidase and ribonuclease activities under excess Cu.
Intervention effect Excess Ca further enhanced the Cu toxicity effects in barley.
Intervention effect Adding normal Cu to low-Cu plants alleviated Cu deficiency effects.
Intervention effect Resuming Ca supply partially alleviated the effects of Ca deficiency in barley leaf discs.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Narrower spacing reduced leaf area, head diameter, seeds per head and thousand-seed weight.

Taxon: sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
Treatment: distance between hillse0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
Outcome: leaf area , head diameter , number of seeds per heade0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
Direction: decreaseinferrede0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“while a reverse results was obtained for leaf area , head diameter , number of seeds per head and weight of 1000 seeds for both years of study”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1434–1576

t0
“sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L .)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 39–82

t1
“sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L .)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 39–82

e2
“Flamme genotype was significantly superior (P < 0.05 ) in most characters of growth , yields and harvest index in both years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 498–622

e3
“Oil percentage and oil yields in the first year , and the value of the above characters reached the highest at 20 cm distance between hills”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1027–1166

e4
“For the second character the average was 43.02 and 62.56 % as compared with 30 and 40 cm distance among hills respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1310–1432

e5
“Decreasing distance between hills caused significant increase in the plant height, leaf area index ,dry matter yield , seed yield and harvest index in both years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 864–1025

e6
“the number of plants per hill was (1, 2plants )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 390–437

e7
“when planting two plants in a hill; the yields of seed increased about 70% as an average for both years and oil yields to about 54% as compared with planting one plant per hill”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1579–1755

Title

Response of growth and yields of three sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L .) to arrangement system of plants in farm

B. H. Abduallah Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2008. doi:10.32649/ajas.2008.32102

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observation Flamme had superior growth, yield and harvest index relative to the other genotypes.
Observation Flamme seed yield averaged 10.19 ton /ha, compared with Akmar at 6.12 and Euro flower at 6.46 ton / ha.
Observation Flamme oil yield was 3.82 ton /ha, above Akmar at 2.31 and Euroflower at 2.41 ton /ha.
Intervention effect Narrower hill spacing increased sunflower plant height, leaf area index and dry matter yield.
Intervention effect Narrower hill spacing increased seed yield and harvest index.
Intervention effect Narrower hill spacing increased oil percentage and oil yield in the first year.
Intervention effect At 20 cm spacing, seed yield exceeded yields at 30 and 40 cm by 38.33% and 54.09%, respectively.
Intervention effect At 20 cm spacing, oil yield exceeded yields at 30 and 40 cm by 43.02% and 62.56%, respectively.
Intervention effect Two plants per hill increased seed yield by about 70% compared with one plant per hill.
Intervention effect Two plants per hill increased oil yield by about 54% compared with one plant per hill.
Intervention effect Plant number per hill had no reported effect on harvest index.
Intervention effect One plant per hill significantly increased sunflower oil percentage.
Intervention effect Flamme produced higher seed and oil yields at 20 cm spacing and two plants per hill.

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“decrease in dry weight”

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