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“dry weight decrease”

920 matches

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Extract coating reduced onion oxidative stress markers.

Taxon: onionAllium cepae0
Treatment: dipping in polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA/CMC) incorporated with Jania rubens extracte0
Outcome: oxidative stress markers (H 2 O 2 and MDA)e0
Direction: reductione0
Comparator: infected onion and PVA/CMC coatinge0

Verbatim

e0
“dipping in polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA/CMC) incorporated with Jania rubens extract significantly improved the physiological status (fresh and dry weight), provided a stronger and more sustained reduction in oxidative stress markers (H 2 O 2 and MDA), and a prolonged decrease in fungal colony-forming units over two months compared to infected onion and PVA/CMC coating”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 787–1175

Title

Algal extract as a key protective agent: Jania rubens–enriched PVA/CMC coatings for postharvest onion disease control

Doaa E. Elsherif; Fatmah A. Safhi; Mai A. El-Esawy; et al. BMC Plant Biology 2026. doi:10.1186/s12870-026-08563-1

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observation The algal extract inhibited the tested onion fungi.
Observation The extract contained several bioactive compounds.
Intervention effect Extract coating improved onion fresh and dry weight.
Intervention effect Extract coating decreased fungal colony-forming units over two months.
Observation The extract damaged fungal hyphae ultrastructure.
Observation The extract downregulated fungal cell wall, ergosterol, and antioxidant genes.
Recommendation The authors propose extract coatings for postharvest onion preservation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Folic treatments decreased alkaloids

Taxon: spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
Treatment: folic treatmentse1
Outcome: alkaloidse1
Direction: decreasede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–309

e1
“Fresh and dry weight of the test plants either decrease or increase but, water percentage, generally decreased by folic applications. At most, pigments, total carbohydrates, nitrogen, protein and phenol increased while alkaloids decreased, in response to folic treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 703–974

Title

Folic acid applications affect growth and metabolism of Spinaciaoleracea,Lactuca sativa and Corchorus olitorius

Wafaa K. Abdultwab; Samia A. Haroun; Yasser El-Amier Mansoura Journal of Biology 2020. doi:10.21608/mjb.2020.460387

Other claims from this paper (18)

Intervention effect Folic acid changed fresh and dry weight of spinach, lettuce and corchorus, either increasing or decreasing them
Intervention effect Folic applications generally decreased water percentage of the test plants
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased pigments, total carbohydrates and nitrogen
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased protein and phenol
Intervention effect Folic acid decreased PPO activity in spinach
Intervention effect Folic acid increased CAT and POX activity in spinach
Intervention effect Folic acid did not change PPO activity in lettuce
Intervention effect Folic acid decreased CAT and POX activity in lettuce
Intervention effect Folic treatment had little effect on PPO, CAT and POX in corchorus, with at most slight increases
Intervention effect Folic applications increased K, Ca and Mg content in the three plants
Intervention effect Folic applications decreased Na content in the three plants
Intervention effect Foliar spraying of folic acid was more effective than soaking pretreatment
Association The largest response to folic addition was in Chorchorus olitorius
Intervention effect Soaking seeds in folic acid changed soil texture from clay silty to clay loam
Intervention effect Folic acid treatments decreased soil water holding capacity and porosity
Intervention effect Folic treatments decreased soil pH, Cl, Na and Ca compared with untreated soil
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased soil EC, organic matter and CaCO3 compared with untreated soil
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased soil HCO3, SO4, K and Mg compared with untreated soil

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

SDI produced aril juice with higher soluble solids content than a fully irrigated control in pomegranate.

Taxon: PomegranatePunica granatumt0
Organ / stage: aril juicee3
Treatment: SDI strategye2
Outcome: soluble solids contente3
Direction: highere3
Comparator: fully irrigated controle0

Verbatim

t0
“Physiological Disorders of Pomegranate Fruits”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–113

e0
“L.) compared to a fully irrigated control in a Mediterranean climate”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–68

e2
“The SDI strategy, which achieved considerable water savings of approximately 50%, led to a reduction in yield (both total and marketable), as well as a decrease in the size and unit weight of the fruits”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 188–390

e3
“it also produced arils with higher dry matter content and aril juice with higher soluble solids content, all without altering the maturity index”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 401–545

Title

The Effect of Deficit Irrigation on the Quality Characteristics and Physiological Disorders of Pomegranate Fruits

Rossana Porras-Jorge; José Mariano Aguilar; Carlos Baixauli; et al. Plants 2025. doi:10.3390/plants14050720

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Sustained deficit irrigation (SDI) achieved water savings of approximately 50% relative to a fully irrigated control in pomegranate.
Intervention effect SDI reduced total and marketable yield of pomegranate relative to a fully irrigated control.
Intervention effect SDI decreased fruit size and unit weight of pomegranate relative to a fully irrigated control.
Intervention effect SDI produced arils with higher dry matter content than a fully irrigated control in pomegranate.
Intervention effect SDI left the maturity index of pomegranate unchanged across the irrigation strategies.
Intervention effect SDI increased non-marketable production of pomegranate because of more cracking, particularly in the hot, dry summer of 2023.
Intervention effect SDI gave a greater percentage of pink-red rind on marketable pomegranate fruits than the other strategies.
Recommendation SDI could allow earlier harvesting of pomegranate and so enhance its commercial value.
Intervention effect Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) achieved a slight water saving in pomegranate.
Intervention effect RDI did not compromise marketable yield or fruit quality characteristics of pomegranate.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sludge-grown plantain had increased moisture content (5.03%) versus control.

Taxon: Plantain (Musa paradisaica)Musa ABB Groupt0
Treatment: test samplee0
Outcome: moisture contente0
Direction: increasee0
Value: 5.03%e0
Comparator: controle0

Verbatim

e0
“The proximate composition calculated on a dry weight basis revealed an increase in moisture content (5.03%), crude protein (7.41%), crude fibre (3.58%), as well as a decrease in crude fat (2.31%), ash content (3.08%), carbohydrate (78.58%), and energy value (364.78 kcal/kg) for the test sample over the control (3.86%, 3.58%, 2.51%, 2.53%, 3.15%, 84.36%, and 374.57 kcal/kg) respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 373–761

t0
“Plantain (Musa paradisaica)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 22–49

Title

Nutritive Benefits of Plantain (Musa paradisaica) Grown with Sludge Obtained from Wastewater Treatment Plant within Port-Harcourt Environment

Emmanuel I Amadi; Ben A Amadi; F. U. Igwe; et al. Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology 2021

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased crude protein (7.41%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased crude fibre (3.58%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased crude fat (2.31%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased ash content (3.08%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased carbohydrate (78.58%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased energy value (364.78 kcal/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased iron (Fe) (88.87 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased potassium (K) (5930.46 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased calcium (Ca) (1783.47 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased sodium (Na) (127.69 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased phosphorus (P) (0.78 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased magnesium (Mg) (1000.33 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased zinc (Zn) (5.93 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Moisture, fibre, protein, carbohydrate, and mineral contents differed significantly from controls.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sludge-grown plantain had increased crude protein (7.41%) versus control.

Taxon: Plantain (Musa paradisaica)Musa ABB Groupt0
Treatment: test samplee0
Outcome: crude proteine0
Direction: increasee0
Value: 7.41%e0
Comparator: controle0

Verbatim

e0
“The proximate composition calculated on a dry weight basis revealed an increase in moisture content (5.03%), crude protein (7.41%), crude fibre (3.58%), as well as a decrease in crude fat (2.31%), ash content (3.08%), carbohydrate (78.58%), and energy value (364.78 kcal/kg) for the test sample over the control (3.86%, 3.58%, 2.51%, 2.53%, 3.15%, 84.36%, and 374.57 kcal/kg) respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 373–761

t0
“Plantain (Musa paradisaica)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 22–49

Title

Nutritive Benefits of Plantain (Musa paradisaica) Grown with Sludge Obtained from Wastewater Treatment Plant within Port-Harcourt Environment

Emmanuel I Amadi; Ben A Amadi; F. U. Igwe; et al. Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology 2021

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased moisture content (5.03%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased crude fibre (3.58%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased crude fat (2.31%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased ash content (3.08%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased carbohydrate (78.58%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased energy value (364.78 kcal/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased iron (Fe) (88.87 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased potassium (K) (5930.46 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased calcium (Ca) (1783.47 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased sodium (Na) (127.69 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased phosphorus (P) (0.78 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased magnesium (Mg) (1000.33 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased zinc (Zn) (5.93 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Moisture, fibre, protein, carbohydrate, and mineral contents differed significantly from controls.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sludge-grown plantain had increased crude fibre (3.58%) versus control.

Taxon: Plantain (Musa paradisaica)Musa ABB Groupt0
Treatment: test samplee0
Outcome: crude fibree0
Direction: increasee0
Value: 3.58%e0
Comparator: controle0

Verbatim

e0
“The proximate composition calculated on a dry weight basis revealed an increase in moisture content (5.03%), crude protein (7.41%), crude fibre (3.58%), as well as a decrease in crude fat (2.31%), ash content (3.08%), carbohydrate (78.58%), and energy value (364.78 kcal/kg) for the test sample over the control (3.86%, 3.58%, 2.51%, 2.53%, 3.15%, 84.36%, and 374.57 kcal/kg) respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 373–761

t0
“Plantain (Musa paradisaica)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 22–49

Title

Nutritive Benefits of Plantain (Musa paradisaica) Grown with Sludge Obtained from Wastewater Treatment Plant within Port-Harcourt Environment

Emmanuel I Amadi; Ben A Amadi; F. U. Igwe; et al. Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology 2021

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased moisture content (5.03%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased crude protein (7.41%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased crude fat (2.31%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased ash content (3.08%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased carbohydrate (78.58%) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased energy value (364.78 kcal/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased iron (Fe) (88.87 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased potassium (K) (5930.46 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had increased calcium (Ca) (1783.47 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased sodium (Na) (127.69 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased phosphorus (P) (0.78 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased magnesium (Mg) (1000.33 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Sludge-grown plantain had decreased zinc (Zn) (5.93 mg/kg) versus control.
Intervention effect Moisture, fibre, protein, carbohydrate, and mineral contents differed significantly from controls.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Folic treatments increased protein and phenol

Taxon: spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
Treatment: folic treatmentse1
Outcome: protein and phenole1
Direction: increasede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–309

e1
“Fresh and dry weight of the test plants either decrease or increase but, water percentage, generally decreased by folic applications. At most, pigments, total carbohydrates, nitrogen, protein and phenol increased while alkaloids decreased, in response to folic treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 703–974

Title

Folic acid applications affect growth and metabolism of Spinaciaoleracea,Lactuca sativa and Corchorus olitorius

Wafaa K. Abdultwab; Samia A. Haroun; Yasser El-Amier Mansoura Journal of Biology 2020. doi:10.21608/mjb.2020.460387

Other claims from this paper (18)

Intervention effect Folic acid changed fresh and dry weight of spinach, lettuce and corchorus, either increasing or decreasing them
Intervention effect Folic applications generally decreased water percentage of the test plants
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased pigments, total carbohydrates and nitrogen
Intervention effect Folic treatments decreased alkaloids
Intervention effect Folic acid decreased PPO activity in spinach
Intervention effect Folic acid increased CAT and POX activity in spinach
Intervention effect Folic acid did not change PPO activity in lettuce
Intervention effect Folic acid decreased CAT and POX activity in lettuce
Intervention effect Folic treatment had little effect on PPO, CAT and POX in corchorus, with at most slight increases
Intervention effect Folic applications increased K, Ca and Mg content in the three plants
Intervention effect Folic applications decreased Na content in the three plants
Intervention effect Foliar spraying of folic acid was more effective than soaking pretreatment
Association The largest response to folic addition was in Chorchorus olitorius
Intervention effect Soaking seeds in folic acid changed soil texture from clay silty to clay loam
Intervention effect Folic acid treatments decreased soil water holding capacity and porosity
Intervention effect Folic treatments decreased soil pH, Cl, Na and Ca compared with untreated soil
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased soil EC, organic matter and CaCO3 compared with untreated soil
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased soil HCO3, SO4, K and Mg compared with untreated soil

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Folic applications generally decreased water percentage of the test plants

Taxon: spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
Treatment: folic applicationse1
Outcome: water percentagee1
Direction: decreasede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–309

e1
“Fresh and dry weight of the test plants either decrease or increase but, water percentage, generally decreased by folic applications. At most, pigments, total carbohydrates, nitrogen, protein and phenol increased while alkaloids decreased, in response to folic treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 703–974

Title

Folic acid applications affect growth and metabolism of Spinaciaoleracea,Lactuca sativa and Corchorus olitorius

Wafaa K. Abdultwab; Samia A. Haroun; Yasser El-Amier Mansoura Journal of Biology 2020. doi:10.21608/mjb.2020.460387

Other claims from this paper (18)

Intervention effect Folic acid changed fresh and dry weight of spinach, lettuce and corchorus, either increasing or decreasing them
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased pigments, total carbohydrates and nitrogen
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased protein and phenol
Intervention effect Folic treatments decreased alkaloids
Intervention effect Folic acid decreased PPO activity in spinach
Intervention effect Folic acid increased CAT and POX activity in spinach
Intervention effect Folic acid did not change PPO activity in lettuce
Intervention effect Folic acid decreased CAT and POX activity in lettuce
Intervention effect Folic treatment had little effect on PPO, CAT and POX in corchorus, with at most slight increases
Intervention effect Folic applications increased K, Ca and Mg content in the three plants
Intervention effect Folic applications decreased Na content in the three plants
Intervention effect Foliar spraying of folic acid was more effective than soaking pretreatment
Association The largest response to folic addition was in Chorchorus olitorius
Intervention effect Soaking seeds in folic acid changed soil texture from clay silty to clay loam
Intervention effect Folic acid treatments decreased soil water holding capacity and porosity
Intervention effect Folic treatments decreased soil pH, Cl, Na and Ca compared with untreated soil
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased soil EC, organic matter and CaCO3 compared with untreated soil
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased soil HCO3, SO4, K and Mg compared with untreated soil

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Folic treatments increased pigments, total carbohydrates and nitrogen

Taxon: spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius)e0
Treatment: folic treatmentse1
Outcome: pigments, total carbohydrates, nitrogene1
Direction: increasede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three concentrations of folic acid (5,10&20 mM); through two applications, soaking or spraying on the growth and biological activities of spinach (Spnancia oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chorchorus (Chorchorus olitorius) during vegetative stage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–309

e1
“Fresh and dry weight of the test plants either decrease or increase but, water percentage, generally decreased by folic applications. At most, pigments, total carbohydrates, nitrogen, protein and phenol increased while alkaloids decreased, in response to folic treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 703–974

Title

Folic acid applications affect growth and metabolism of Spinaciaoleracea,Lactuca sativa and Corchorus olitorius

Wafaa K. Abdultwab; Samia A. Haroun; Yasser El-Amier Mansoura Journal of Biology 2020. doi:10.21608/mjb.2020.460387

Other claims from this paper (18)

Intervention effect Folic acid changed fresh and dry weight of spinach, lettuce and corchorus, either increasing or decreasing them
Intervention effect Folic applications generally decreased water percentage of the test plants
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased protein and phenol
Intervention effect Folic treatments decreased alkaloids
Intervention effect Folic acid decreased PPO activity in spinach
Intervention effect Folic acid increased CAT and POX activity in spinach
Intervention effect Folic acid did not change PPO activity in lettuce
Intervention effect Folic acid decreased CAT and POX activity in lettuce
Intervention effect Folic treatment had little effect on PPO, CAT and POX in corchorus, with at most slight increases
Intervention effect Folic applications increased K, Ca and Mg content in the three plants
Intervention effect Folic applications decreased Na content in the three plants
Intervention effect Foliar spraying of folic acid was more effective than soaking pretreatment
Association The largest response to folic addition was in Chorchorus olitorius
Intervention effect Soaking seeds in folic acid changed soil texture from clay silty to clay loam
Intervention effect Folic acid treatments decreased soil water holding capacity and porosity
Intervention effect Folic treatments decreased soil pH, Cl, Na and Ca compared with untreated soil
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased soil EC, organic matter and CaCO3 compared with untreated soil
Intervention effect Folic treatments increased soil HCO3, SO4, K and Mg compared with untreated soil

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation increased peroxidase by 100% versus uninoculated controls.

Taxon: PyrusPyrust0
Treatment: fungal inoculatione0
Interactor: Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
Outcome: peroxidasee0
Direction: increasee0
Value: 100%e0
Qualifier: 6 dS/me0
Comparator: non-inoculated control plantse0

Verbatim

e0
“At the highest salinity levels (6 dS/m), fungal inoculation caused an increase in surface-to-root dry weight ratio (38.81%), branch diameter growth (31.14%), total chlorophyll (27.72%), peroxidase (100%), polyphenol oxidase (62.5%) and root colonization percentage (100%) and decrease in electrolyte leakage rate (19.34%), proline (10.34%) and soluble sugars (8.77%) ) compared to non-inoculated control plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1114–1524

t0
“Piriformospora indica on Morphophysiological Traits of Pyrus Rootstock cv. Pyrodvarf”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–117

Title

The Effects of Endophytic Fungus Piriformospora indica on Morphophysiological Traits of Pyrus Rootstock cv. Pyrodvarf under Salinity Stress Conditions

Mohammad Adlipour; Hamid Hassan pour; Fariborz Zaare Nahandi; et al. DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 2021. doi:10.22034/saps.2021.13102

Other claims from this paper (11)

Association Salinity and fungal inoculation interacted significantly for chlorophyll content.
Association Salinity and fungal inoculation interacted significantly for branch growth, electrolyte leakage, proline, sugars, enzyme activity and colonization.
Intervention effect At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation increased surface-to-root dry weight ratio by 38.81% versus uninoculated controls.
Intervention effect At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation increased branch diameter growth by 31.14% versus uninoculated controls.
Intervention effect At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation increased total chlorophyll by 27.72% versus uninoculated controls.
Intervention effect At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation increased polyphenol oxidase by 62.5% versus uninoculated controls.
Intervention effect At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation increased root colonization percentage by 100% versus uninoculated controls.
Intervention effect At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation decreased electrolyte leakage rate by 19.34% versus uninoculated controls.
Intervention effect At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation decreased proline by 10.34% versus uninoculated controls.
Intervention effect At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation decreased soluble sugars by 8.77% versus uninoculated controls.
Observation The authors concluded that P. indica moderated salinity damage in pear.

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“dry weight decrease”

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