Search claims · PlantClaims

maize 8

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The B drive mechanism causes detrimental effects through adherence of heterochromatic knobs and A centromeres at the mitosis preceding sperm development

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Outcome: detrimental effectse5
Qualifier: adherence of heterochromatic knobs and apparently A centromeres at the mitosis preceding sperm developmente5

Verbatim

t0
“maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 67–72

e5
“Collectively, the results reveal two backgrounds in which the B drive mechanism is not confined to this chromosome causing detrimental effects by adherence of heterochromatic knobs and apparently A centromeres at the mitosis preceding sperm development”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1148–1400

Title

Aneuploidy and ploidy variation conditioned by the B chromosome of maize

Patrice S. Albert; Hua Yang; Zhi Gao; et al. Heredity 2025. doi:10.1038/s41437-025-00764-y

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sticky chromosomes show abnormal separation at anaphase.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Outcome: abnormal chromosome separation at anaphasee0

Verbatim

e0
“These sticky chromosomes result in abnormal chromosome separation at anaphase”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 130–207

t0
“PRINS-Labeled Knobs Are Not Associated with Increased Chromosomal Stickiness in the Maize st1 Mutant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–100

Title

PRINS-Labeled Knobs Are Not Associated with Increased Chromosomal Stickiness in the Maize st1 Mutant

T. C. Tatum Journal of Heredity 2006. doi:10.1093/jhered/esl014

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The st1 mutant had more abnormal anaphase figures.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Material: st1 mutante0
Outcome: abnormal anaphase figurese0
Direction: increasee0

Verbatim

e0
“The increase in abnormal anaphase figures in the st1 mutant was not accompanied by an increase in association of knob DNA with abnormal anaphases”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 819–964

t0
“PRINS-Labeled Knobs Are Not Associated with Increased Chromosomal Stickiness in the Maize st1 Mutant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–100

Title

PRINS-Labeled Knobs Are Not Associated with Increased Chromosomal Stickiness in the Maize st1 Mutant

T. C. Tatum Journal of Heredity 2006. doi:10.1093/jhered/esl014

Other claims from this paper (6)

not stated 4

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A. crispa knobs were larger than those of A. punctata.

Outcome: size of the knobse0
Direction: largere0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“the size of the knobs of the former plant is larger”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 718–769

Title

Studies on the Leaf Nodules V The Formation of Knobs by the Effect of Antibiotics on theArdisia crispa andA. punctata

Tamotsu YAMADA Shokubutsugaku Zasshi 1955. doi:10.15281/jplantres1887.68.267

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. crispa seedlings.
Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. punctata seedlings.
Intervention effect A. japonica did not form knobs after antibiotic or heat treatment.
Association Knob formation increased with antibiotic concentration and treatment duration.
Observation A. crispa had a higher knob-forming ratio than A. punctata under the same treatment.
Observation Knobs contained epidermis, cortex and central cylinder, with no meristem or leaf-nodule-bacteria detected.
Observation Knob structure resembled that after heat treatment.
Mechanism The authors proposed that a substance secreted by dying leaf-nodule bacteria induces knob formation and may contribute to leaf nodules.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

First-generation micropropagated ginger had smaller rhizome knobs.

Material: micropropagated plantse0
Outcome: knobse0
Direction: smallere0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“In the first generation ex vitro, micropropagated plants had significantly (P<0.01) reduced rhizome yield with smaller knobs and more roots.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 177–317

Title

Field evaluation of micropropagated and conventionally propagated ginger in subtropical Queensland

MK Smith; SD Hamill Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 1996. doi:10.1071/ea9960347

Other claims from this paper (9)

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Knob formation increased with antibiotic concentration and treatment duration.

Treatment: concentration of the solution and the duration of treating timee0
Outcome: Knobs are formede0
Direction: in proportione0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“Knobs are formed in proportion to the degree of concentration of the solution and the duration of treating time”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 481–592

Title

Studies on the Leaf Nodules V The Formation of Knobs by the Effect of Antibiotics on theArdisia crispa andA. punctata

Tamotsu YAMADA Shokubutsugaku Zasshi 1955. doi:10.15281/jplantres1887.68.267

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. crispa seedlings.
Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. punctata seedlings.
Intervention effect A. japonica did not form knobs after antibiotic or heat treatment.
Observation A. crispa had a higher knob-forming ratio than A. punctata under the same treatment.
Observation A. crispa knobs were larger than those of A. punctata.
Observation Knobs contained epidermis, cortex and central cylinder, with no meristem or leaf-nodule-bacteria detected.
Observation Knob structure resembled that after heat treatment.
Mechanism The authors proposed that a substance secreted by dying leaf-nodule bacteria induces knob formation and may contribute to leaf nodules.

theA. crispa 2

Show all 2 →

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. crispa seedlings.

Taxon: theA. crispae0
Treatment: high concentration of streptomycin, aureomycin, chloromycetin and terramycine0
Outcome: knobs are formed on various growing points of the plants and then the growth of the plant stope0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“seeds and growing points of the seedlings of theA. crispa and the A. punctata are treated with each solution of high concentration of streptomycin, aureomycin, chloromycetin and terramycin, knobs are formed on various growing points of the plants and then the growth of the plant stop”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 10–294

Title

Studies on the Leaf Nodules V The Formation of Knobs by the Effect of Antibiotics on theArdisia crispa andA. punctata

Tamotsu YAMADA Shokubutsugaku Zasshi 1955. doi:10.15281/jplantres1887.68.267

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. punctata seedlings.
Intervention effect A. japonica did not form knobs after antibiotic or heat treatment.
Association Knob formation increased with antibiotic concentration and treatment duration.
Observation A. crispa had a higher knob-forming ratio than A. punctata under the same treatment.
Observation A. crispa knobs were larger than those of A. punctata.
Observation Knobs contained epidermis, cortex and central cylinder, with no meristem or leaf-nodule-bacteria detected.
Observation Knob structure resembled that after heat treatment.
Mechanism The authors proposed that a substance secreted by dying leaf-nodule bacteria induces knob formation and may contribute to leaf nodules.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A. crispa had a higher knob-forming ratio than A. punctata under the same treatment.

Taxon: theA. crispae0
Outcome: knob-forming ratioe0
Direction: highere0
Comparator: theA. punctatae0

Verbatim

e0
“knob-forming ratio of theA. crispa are generally higher than that of theA. punctata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 630–713

Title

Studies on the Leaf Nodules V The Formation of Knobs by the Effect of Antibiotics on theArdisia crispa andA. punctata

Tamotsu YAMADA Shokubutsugaku Zasshi 1955. doi:10.15281/jplantres1887.68.267

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. crispa seedlings.
Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. punctata seedlings.
Intervention effect A. japonica did not form knobs after antibiotic or heat treatment.
Association Knob formation increased with antibiotic concentration and treatment duration.
Observation A. crispa knobs were larger than those of A. punctata.
Observation Knobs contained epidermis, cortex and central cylinder, with no meristem or leaf-nodule-bacteria detected.
Observation Knob structure resembled that after heat treatment.
Mechanism The authors proposed that a substance secreted by dying leaf-nodule bacteria induces knob formation and may contribute to leaf nodules.

A. punctata 1

Show all 1 →

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. punctata seedlings.

Taxon: A. punctatae0
Treatment: high concentration of streptomycin, aureomycin, chloromycetin and terramycine0
Outcome: knobs are formed on various growing points of the plants and then the growth of the plant stope0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“the A. punctata are treated with each solution of high concentration of streptomycin, aureomycin, chloromycetin and terramycin, knobs are formed on various growing points of the plants and then the growth of the plant stop”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 72–294

Title

Studies on the Leaf Nodules V The Formation of Knobs by the Effect of Antibiotics on theArdisia crispa andA. punctata

Tamotsu YAMADA Shokubutsugaku Zasshi 1955. doi:10.15281/jplantres1887.68.267

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. crispa seedlings.
Intervention effect A. japonica did not form knobs after antibiotic or heat treatment.
Association Knob formation increased with antibiotic concentration and treatment duration.
Observation A. crispa had a higher knob-forming ratio than A. punctata under the same treatment.
Observation A. crispa knobs were larger than those of A. punctata.
Observation Knobs contained epidermis, cortex and central cylinder, with no meristem or leaf-nodule-bacteria detected.
Observation Knob structure resembled that after heat treatment.
Mechanism The authors proposed that a substance secreted by dying leaf-nodule bacteria induces knob formation and may contribute to leaf nodules.

Ardisia 1

Show all 1 →

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heat treatment formed knobs on growing points and other parts of seeds and infant plants.

Taxon: ARDISIAArdisiat0
Organ / stage: seeds and infant plantse0
Treatment: heate0
Outcome: knobs are formede0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

t0
“ARDISIA”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–75

e0
“when we treat the seeds and infant plants with heat, knobs are formed on the growing point and the other parts”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 854–964

Title

STUDIES ON THE LEAF NODULES. : II. ON THE LEAF NODULES IN THE GENUS ARDISIA.

山田, 保 Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) 1952

Other claims from this paper (10)

kohlrabi 1

Show all 1 →

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Full mineral N gave the highest knob nitrate content, 473.85 mg kg-1 DW.

Taxon: KohlrabiBrassica oleracea var. gongylodese0
Treatment: 100% mineral-N treatmente1
Outcome: content of nitrate in knobse1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 473.85 mg kg-1 DWe1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 240–284

e1
“The highest content of nitrate in knobs (473.85 mg kg-1 DW) was recorded by using 100% mineral-N treatment (as an average in both seasons).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 811–950

Title

Productivity and Quality of Kohlrabi Grown in a Newly Reclaimed Sandy Soil Using Organic and Mineral-N Fertilizer regimes with or without Spraying of Spirulina platensis Extract

Nahla Morsy Egyptian Journal of Horticulture 2019. doi:10.21608/ejoh.2019.12503.1105

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Combined mineral and organic N with spirulina improved growth over other N regimes.
Intervention effect Combined mineral and organic N with spirulina improved yield over other N regimes.
Intervention effect Combined mineral and organic N with spirulina improved knob quality over other N regimes.
Intervention effect The combined treatment gave the best growth versus no addition.
Intervention effect The combined treatment increased total yield versus no addition.
Intervention effect The combined treatment gave the best knob quality versus no addition.
Intervention effect Full organic N gave the lowest knob nitrate content, 83.45 mg kg-1 DW.
Observation Tested kohlrabi knobs had nitrate within the stated safe limit for consumption.

Nicotiana tabacum 1

Show all 1 →

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dhp-treated protoplasts formed microfibrils coated with globular knobs.

Taxon: Nicotiana tabacumNicotiana tabacumt0
Treatment: Dhpe0
Outcome: microfibrils are coated with globular knobse0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“treatment of protoplasts with Dhp alters the structure of the regenerated wall fibrils in several ways: first, the microfibrils are coated with globular knobs”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 641–799

t0
“Nicotiana tabacum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 202–219

Title

3,4-Dehydroproline Inhibits Cell Wall Assembly and Cell Division in Tobacco Protoplasts

J. B. Cooper; J. E. Heuser; J. E. Varner PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1994. doi:10.1104/pp.104.2.747

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Dhp-treated tobacco protoplasts did not develop osmotic stability.
Intervention effect Dhp-treated tobacco protoplasts did not initiate mitosis.
Observation Untreated protoplasts assembled a dense fibrillar cell wall of laterally associating subelementary fibrils.
Intervention effect Dhp-treated protoplasts formed larger fiber bundles with an open ribbon-like appearance.
Intervention effect The smallest subelementary fibrils were not visible after Dhp treatment.
Mechanism Tobacco cells developed abnormal morphology as a consequence of abnormal wall structure.
Mechanism The authors infer that hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins support primary wall integrity and correct assembly of other wall polymers.
Mechanism The authors infer that wall structure regulates cell division and morphology.

wheat-rye 1

Show all 1 →

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The wheat-rye addition line had significantly fewer wheat-origin perinucleolar rDNA knobs.

Taxon: wheat-ryee0
Material: wheat-rye addition linee0
Gene: rDNAe0
Outcome: number of wheat-origin perinucleolar rDNA knobse0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“in the wheat-rye addition line there is a significant decrease in the number of wheat-origin perinucleolar rDNA knobs”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1404–1521

Title

Interplay of Ribosomal DNA Loci in Nucleolar Dominance: Dominant NORs Are Up-Regulated by Chromatin Dynamics in the Wheat-Rye System

Manuela Silva; H. Sofia Pereira; Miguel Bento; et al. PLoS ONE 2008. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003824

Other claims from this paper (5)

“knobs”

Claim types

Direction of the findings

Over time

Claim type

Research area

Polarity

Statistics

maize 8

not stated 4

theA. crispa 2

A. punctata 1

Ardisia 1

kohlrabi 1

Nicotiana tabacum 1

wheat-rye 1