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“FPS”

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Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors conclude that fps expression could improve accumulation of resistance substance in hairy roots in vitro.

Taxon: Nicotinan tabacumt0
Gene: fpse0
Outcome: accumulation of resistance substancee0

Verbatim

t0
“Nicotinan tabacum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 57–74

e0
“foreign fps gene expression could improve the accumulation of resistance substance in hairy roots in vitro culture”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1066–1180

Title

Expression of farnesyl diphosphate synthase gene(fps) in Nicotinan tabacum hairy root via Ri-mediated transformation

Zhe Wang Journal of Zhejiang University Agriculture and Life Sciences 2007

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observation Of 18 induced hairy root lines, 4 showed some kanamycin resistance.
Observation All transgenic hairy root lines showed typical hairy root characteristics on hormone-free MS medium.
Observation PCR and Southern blot showed the foreign fps gene was integrated into the 4 lines.
Observation Northern blot showed the foreign fps gene was expressed at the transcriptional level.
Intervention effect Transgenic hairy root lines showed higher FPS activity than the control.
Intervention effect Juice of transgenic hairy roots inhibited the growth of Alternaria alternata.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Very low berry weight contributed to low FPS 72 yield.

Taxon: Chardonnaye1
Material: FPS 72e0
Outcome: Low yielde0
Qualifier: very low berry weighte0

Verbatim

e0
“Low yield of FPS 72 was due to very low berry weight and fewer berries per cluster”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 924–1006

e1
“Chardonnay (Vitis vinifera L.) clones”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–46

Title

Viticultural Evaluation of French and California Chardonnay Clones Grown for Production of Sparkling Wine

Michael M. Anderson; Rhonda J. Smith; Molly A. Williams; et al. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 2008. doi:10.5344/ajev.2008.59.1.73

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Yield and four yield components differed significantly among clones.
Observation FPS 4 and French clones 96 and 352 had the highest yields.
Observation FPS 72 had the lowest yield.
Observation Other clones showed no great differences in yield.
Mechanism Fewer berries per cluster contributed to low FPS 72 yield.
Observation Yield components of other clones differed significantly over four years.
Observation FPS 4 and FPS 72 retained the highest titratable acidity at harvest.
Association Vegetative growth was greatly influenced by clone and year.
Observation FPS 72 had the highest pruning weights.
Observation Clone 118 had the lowest pruning weights.
Observation Yield-to-pruning weight ratios were lowest for FPS 72.
Observation Yield-to-pruning weight ratios were highest for FPS 4.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fewer berries per cluster contributed to low FPS 72 yield.

Taxon: Chardonnaye1
Material: FPS 72e0
Outcome: Low yielde0
Qualifier: fewer berries per clustere0

Verbatim

e0
“Low yield of FPS 72 was due to very low berry weight and fewer berries per cluster”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 924–1006

e1
“Chardonnay (Vitis vinifera L.) clones”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–46

Title

Viticultural Evaluation of French and California Chardonnay Clones Grown for Production of Sparkling Wine

Michael M. Anderson; Rhonda J. Smith; Molly A. Williams; et al. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 2008. doi:10.5344/ajev.2008.59.1.73

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Yield and four yield components differed significantly among clones.
Observation FPS 4 and French clones 96 and 352 had the highest yields.
Observation FPS 72 had the lowest yield.
Observation Other clones showed no great differences in yield.
Mechanism Very low berry weight contributed to low FPS 72 yield.
Observation Yield components of other clones differed significantly over four years.
Observation FPS 4 and FPS 72 retained the highest titratable acidity at harvest.
Association Vegetative growth was greatly influenced by clone and year.
Observation FPS 72 had the highest pruning weights.
Observation Clone 118 had the lowest pruning weights.
Observation Yield-to-pruning weight ratios were lowest for FPS 72.
Observation Yield-to-pruning weight ratios were highest for FPS 4.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The smaller FPS in elicited G. australe cells seems to be de novo synthesized after elicitation.

Taxon: G. australeGossypium australee3
Outcome: the smaller FPSe3
Qualifier: de novo synthesized after elicitatione3

Verbatim

e3
“Two transcripts and proteins of FPS were detected in the elicited G. australe cells; the smaller FPS seemed to be de novo synthesized after elicitation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 981–1132

Title

Expression Pattern of Genes Encoding Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase and Sesquiterpene Cyclase in Cotton Suspension-Cultured Cells Treated with Fungal Elicitors

Chang-Jun Liu; Peter Heinstein; Xiao-Ya Chen Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 1999. doi:10.1094/mpmi.1999.12.12.1095

Other claims from this paper (8)

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increased FPS activity without increased MVA production may reduce IPP and DMAPP for cytokinin biosynthesis.

Gene: FPSe0
Outcome: IPP and DMAPP available for cytokinin biosynthesise0
Qualifier: without a concomitant increase of MVA productione0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“increasing FPS activity without a concomitant increase of MVA production leads to a reduction of IPP and DMAPP available for cytokinin biosynthesis.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1188–1336

Title

Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPS1S) in transgenic Arabidopsis induces a cell death/senescence‐like response and reduced cytokinin levels

Angela Masferrer; Montserrat Arró; David Manzano; et al. The Plant Journal 2002. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.2002.01273.x

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect FPS1S transgenic plants had FPS activity 8 to 12 times that of wild type.
Intervention effect Sterol content and HMG-CoA reductase activity were similar in transgenic and control leaves.
Intervention effect FPS1S overexpressors showed cell death or senescence-like symptoms and less vigorous growth than wild type.
Association Onset and severity of overexpression phenotypes correlated with FPS activity.
Observation SAG12 expression was induced prematurely in leaves with increased FPS activity.
Intervention effect Mevalonic acid restored the wild-type phenotype in FPS1S transgenic plants.
Intervention effect 2-isopentenyladenine restored the wild-type phenotype in FPS1S transgenic plants.
Intervention effect FPS1S overexpression reduced endogenous zeatin-type cytokinins in leaves.
Mechanism Reduced cytokinin levels may partly explain the phenotypic alterations of transgenic plants.
Intervention effect Exogenous MVA raised sterol accumulation similarly in wild type and transgenic plants.
Mechanism FPS1S does not appear to limit sterol biosynthesis.

Mechanismobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Large berries made Selection 02 clusters excessively compact.

Taxon: Barbera Grapevinet0
Material: FPS 02e0
Organ / stage: clusterse0
Outcome: clusters of FPS 02 excessively compacte0
Qualifier: Large berriese0

Verbatim

t0
“Barbera Grapevine”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 47–64

e0
“Large berries made the clusters of FPS 02 excessively compact”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 514–575

Title

Yield Components and Fruit Composition of Five Barbera Grapevine Selections in the San Joaquin Valley, California

Matthew W. Fidelibus; L. Peter Christensen; Deborah A. Golino; et al. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 2009. doi:10.5344/ajev.2009.60.4.533

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observation Selection 02 had fruit composition and yield similar to other selections.
Observation Selection 02 berries were 10 to 25% heavier than others.
Observation Sour rot incidence in FPS 02 was sometimes two to three times that of other selections.
Observation Selections 03 and 05 performed identically.
Observation Selections 03 and 05 had fruit composition similar to several other selections.
Observation Selections 03 and 05 had among the highest yields.
Observation Selections 03 and 05 were moderately susceptible to sour rot.
Observation Selection 04 was generally similar to 03 and 05.
Observation Selection 04 had lower yields in two of four years.
Observation Selection 06 was generally earliest ripening.
Observation Selection 06 had the smallest berries.
Observation Selection 06 had the lowest yields.
Observation Selection 06 had the lowest yield to pruning weight ratios.
Observation Selection 06 was least susceptible to sour rot.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Aboveground jasmonic acid induced Bx1, Bx9, PAL, PR-1, MPI, FPS and TPS expression in leaves through activation of endogenous jasmonic acid synthesis.

Organ / stage: leavese0
Outcome: expression of Bx1,Bx9,PAL,PR-1,MPI,FPS and TPS genese0
Qualifier: activating the synthesis of jasmonic acid itselfe1

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“aboveground application of jasmonia acid could induce the expression of Bx1,Bx9,PAL,PR-1,MPI,FPS and TPS genes,increase DIMBOA content and decrease caffeic acid content in leaves”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1224–1402

e1
“Through activating the synthesis of jasmonic acid itself”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1167–1223

Title

The role of jasmonic acid in the systemic induced defense response of aboveground and underground in corn (Zea mays).

Yuanjiao Feng; Jianwu Wang; Yijuan Su; et al. Zhongguo nongye Kexue 2009

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Aboveground jasmonic acid altered defense chemical content and defense gene expression underground.
Intervention effect Underground jasmonic acid altered aboveground defense responses.
Intervention effect Jasmonic acid induced a stronger defense response in leaves than roots.
Intervention effect Aboveground application of jasmonic acid produced stronger local induction than underground application.
Intervention effect Aboveground jasmonic acid increased DIMBOA content in leaves.
Intervention effect Aboveground jasmonic acid decreased caffeic acid content in leaves.
Intervention effect Aboveground jasmonic acid systemically induced Bx6, Bx9, PAL and PR-2a expression in roots.
Intervention effect Aboveground jasmonic acid increased coumaric and caffeic acid contents in roots.
Intervention effect Aboveground jasmonic acid decreased syringic acid content in roots.
Mechanism Underground jasmonic acid induced Bx6, PR-2a and MPI expression in roots through endogenous jasmonic acid synthesis.
Intervention effect Underground jasmonic acid decreased total phenolics in roots.
Intervention effect Underground jasmonic acid indirectly induced Bx6, Bx9, PAL, FPS and TPS expression in leaves.
Intervention effect Underground jasmonic acid increased DIMBOA, coumaric acid and caffeic acid in leaves.
Intervention effect Underground jasmonic acid increased syringic acid in leaves.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggest IPPI and FPS expression, reactive oxygen species and jasmonic acid signaling mediate elicitor-induced terpenoid accumulation.

Taxon: Panax ginseng C.A. MeyerPanax ginsenge1
Gene: IPPI and FPSe0
Outcome: mono- and sesquiterpenoid accumulatione0
Qualifier: may be mediated by reactive oxygen species signaling and jasmonic acid signal transductione0

Verbatim

e0
“mono- and sesquiterpenoid accumulation induced by SA and YE occurs due to the IPPI and FPS expression and may be mediated by reactive oxygen species signaling and jasmonic acid signal transduction.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1246–1443

e1
“adventitious root cultures of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 300–354

Title

Effect of salicylic acid and yeast extract on the accumulation of jasmonic acid and sesquiterpenoids in Panax ginseng adventitious roots

S. Rahimi; B. S. R. Devi; A. Khorolragchaa; et al. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 2014. doi:10.1134/s1021443714060156

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Salicylic acid induced high LOX expression after 24 h in ginseng roots.
Intervention effect Yeast extract induced high LOX expression after 12 h.
Intervention effect Salicylic acid significantly increased JA content after 24 h.
Intervention effect H2O2 content peaked 24 h after salicylic acid treatment.
Intervention effect H2O2 content peaked 72 h after yeast extract treatment.
Intervention effect Salicylic acid upregulated FPS and IPPI genes.
Intervention effect Yeast extract upregulated FPS and IPPI genes.
Intervention effect Salicylic acid caused high accumulation of farensol, isochiapin B, champhor and cineole after 24 h.
Intervention effect Yeast extract induced bacchotricuneatin C, guaiazulene, isochiapin B and p-benzoquinone production.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The advantage of YOLOv5s-Im in pollination attempts is attributed to its faster inference speed.

Taxon: appleMalus domesticat0
Outcome: pollination attemptse2
Qualifier: 2 FPS inference speed versus their 0.05 FPSe2

Verbatim

e2
“averaged 41.6 pollination attempts per 3-minute flight across five tests, significantly outperforming YOLOv5s and YOLOv5s with Transformers (YOLOv5s-T) as backbone (fewer than 10 attempts), due to its 2 FPS inference speed versus their 0.05 FPS”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 886–1130

t0
“apple flower detection”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 35–57

Title

Optimized Yolov5s-Im for real-time apple flower detection in drone-based pollination

Shahram Hamza Manzoor; Zhao Zhang; Hongwen Li; et al. Smart Agricultural Technology 2025. doi:10.1016/j.atech.2025.101150

Other claims from this paper (18)

Method / resource YOLOv5s-Im achieved 88% apple flower detection accuracy.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Im averaged 41.6 pollination attempts per flight, outperforming YOLOv5s and YOLOv5s-T (fewer than 10 attempts).
Method / resource YOLOv5-Sh-V2 averaged 37.8 pollination attempts per flight with ShuffleNet version 2 backbone.
Method / resource YOLOv5-Sh-V2 reached 80% detection accuracy (mAP).
Method / resource YOLOv5-Sh-V2 ran at 1.0 FPS detection speed.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Mb-V2 averaged 30.6 pollination attempts per flight with MobileNet version 2 backbone.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Mb-V2 reached 82% detection accuracy (mAP).
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Mb-V2 ran at 0.7 FPS detection speed.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Im reached 90.6% precision.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Im reached 87.7% recall.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Im reached 91.2% mAP50.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Im reached an F1-score of 89.42%.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Im reduced GFLOPS by 89%.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Im reduced model size by 85%.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Im ran at 227 FPS on an NVIDIA RTX 4060 Ti.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Im ran at 22 FPS on a Jetson Xavier.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Im ran at 4.56 FPS on an Intel NUC11TNKi3.
Method / resource YOLOv5s-Im kept 84%-88% accuracy across clear light, afternoon, angled and low-light orchard conditions.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

FPS2 pollen selectivity is independent of S-RNase.

Taxon: S. lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume1
Gene: FPS 2e0
Outcome: pollen selectivitye0
Qualifier: does not involve S‐ RN asee0

Verbatim

e0
“FPS 2 ‐based pollen selectivity does not involve S‐ RN ase”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1557–1615

e1
“Overexpression of FPS 2 in S. lycopersicum pollen”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1465–1514

Title

A farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene expressed in pollen functions in S ‐ RN ase‐independent unilateral incompatibility

Xiaoqiong Qin; Wentao Li; Yang Liu; et al. The Plant Journal 2017. doi:10.1111/tpj.13796

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observation ui10.1 is the pollen-expressed FPS2 gene.
Observation FPS2 expression was about 18-fold higher in S. pennellii pollen.
Observation The S. lycopersicum allele pollen was eliminated on F1 hybrid pistils, distorting F2 transmission.
Intervention effect S. pennellii fps2 knockouts were self-sterile from pollen rejection.
Observation S. pennellii fps2 mutant pollen functioned on S. lycopersicum pistils.
Observation F2 progeny from the fps2 cross showed reversed transmission distortion.
Intervention effect FPS2 overexpression in S. lycopersicum pollen rescued elimination.

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“FPS”

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