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“dry weight decrease”

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Organism: Oryza sativa ✕

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The chlorophyll a to b ratio changed little under upland farming.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: upland farmingt0
Outcome: ratios of chlorophyll a to be0
Direction: little changese0
Comparator: waterlogged soil conditione1

Verbatim

e0
“ratios of chlorophyll a to b have little changes”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 990–1038

t0
“Rice Plant under Upland Farming with Mulching”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–72

e1
“Compared with rice on waterlogged soil condition,dry matter ratios of root to shoot, leaf length, maximum root length, average root length, and root dry matter weight decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 240–415

Title

Physiological Responses to Rice Plant under Upland Farming with Mulching

Guoxian Cui; Qirong Shen; Fan Xiaorong JOURNAL OF HUNAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY 2003

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Upland farming reduced root to shoot dry matter ratio, leaf length, root lengths and root dry matter weight relative to waterlogged soil.
Intervention effect Upland farming increased white root number and its proportion of total roots.
Observation Thin roots and root hairs occurred in upland rice.
Intervention effect At nursery stage, upland farming significantly increased root active absorption area and leaf glycolic acid oxidase activity.
Intervention effect At nursery stage, upland farming significantly increased chlorophyll and nitrate reductase activity and nitrate nitrogen content.
Intervention effect Upland farming lowered net photosynthesis rate.
Intervention effect From panicle differentiation to heading, NRA, nitrate and chlorophyll stayed higher in upland rice.
Observation The chlorophyll a to b ratio decreased by 0.12 units from panicle differentiation to heading.
Intervention effect Net photosynthesis rate approached the waterlogged condition level.
Intervention effect Upland farming produced greater endogenous hormone changes than waterlogged cultivation.
Intervention effect At panicle differentiation, upland cultivation increased root and leaf ABA and root GA.
Intervention effect At panicle differentiation, upland cultivation decreased leaf GA and iPA and root iPA.
Intervention effect Root IAA increased strongly in Shanyou 63 under upland cultivation.
Intervention effect Root IAA showed the reverse response in upland rice 85-15.
Intervention effect At maturity, leaf IAA and GA and root iPA increased in upland rice.
Intervention effect At maturity, root and leaf ABA decreased in upland rice.
Association Root GA and IAA and leaf iPA differed significantly among varieties.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 2 mg/L arsenic treatment reduced antioxidant enzyme activity in rice shoot, indicating stress.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Organ / stage: shoote0
Treatment: 2 mg/L of Ase0
Outcome: antioxidant enzyme activitye0

Verbatim

t0
“Zinc oxide nanoparticles alleviate the arsenic toxicity and decrease the accumulation of arsenic in rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–122

e0
“2 mg/L of As treatment represented a stress condition, which was evidenced by phenotypic images, seedling dry weight, chlorophyll, and antioxidant enzyme activity of rice shoot”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 574–750

Title

Zinc oxide nanoparticles alleviate the arsenic toxicity and decrease the accumulation of arsenic in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Shiwei Yan; Fan Wu; Song Zhou; et al. BMC Plant Biology 2021. doi:10.1186/s12870-021-02929-3

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Elevated ozone decreased rice leaf area by 25.54% versus controls.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: elevated ozonee0
Outcome: plant leaf areae0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 25.54%e0
Comparator: control groupe0

Verbatim

e0
“Plant genotypes grown under elevated ozone showed 13.45% and 11.35% reduction in total root and shoot dry weight, and 25.54% and 6.6% decrease in plant leaf area and plant total length respectively compared to the control group”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1126–1353

t0
“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–92

Title

A growth and biochemistry of ten high yielding genotypes of Pakistani rice (Oryza sativa L.) at maturity under elevated tropospheric ozone

Adnan Arshad Heliyon 2021. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08198

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Ozone harmed rice growth and metabolism and caused foliar injury and early leaf senescence.
Observation IR-9, Punjab-Basmati, and Ksk-434 were the most ozone-susceptible rice genotypes.
Observation Basmati-515, Basmati 2000, and super-Basmati were ozone-tolerant rice genotypes.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone reduced root dry weight by 13.45% versus controls.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone reduced shoot dry weight by 11.35% versus controls.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone decreased total rice plant length by 6.6% versus controls.
Association Treatment interacted significantly with chemical components and growth parameters in rice.
Association Visual response was directly related to growth and biochemical parameters in rice.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

ABA application improved the K/Na ratio and the Rfd under salinity.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae0
Treatment: ABA applicatione4
Outcome: K/Na ratio as well as the chlorophyll fluorescence decrease ratioe4
Direction: improvede4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Experiments conducted m a phytotron on three rice varieties of different salinity tolerance”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–100

e4
“ABA application significantly improved the K/Na ratio as well as the chlorophyll fluorescence decrease ratio (Rfd, indicator for potential photosynthetic activity), the number of green leaves per plant and the shoot dry weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 513–739

Title

Salinity Tolerance of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with Reference to Endogenous and Exogenous Abscisic Acid

J. S. BOHRA; H. DÖRFFLING; K. DÖRFFLING Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 1995. doi:10.1111/j.1439-037x.1995.tb00197.x

Other claims from this paper (9)

Association Endogenous ABA content increased with increasing NaCl salinity in IR20 rice.
Association Endogenous ABA content in Pokkali rose only marginally under salinity.
Association Endogenous ABA content in IR28 rose only marginally under salinity.
Intervention effect Weekly ABA sprayings decreased shoot Na concentration by 29.5% under salinity.
Intervention effect Weekly ABA sprayings decreased shoot K concentration by 3.3% under salinity.
Intervention effect ABA application improved the number of green leaves per plant and the shoot dry weight under salinity.
Intervention effect IR20 and IR28 responded significantly better to ABA application than Pokkali.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity decreased Rfd values and shoot dry weight.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity caused marked nutrient imbalances in rice.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Elevated ozone decreased total rice plant length by 6.6% versus controls.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: elevated ozonee0
Outcome: plant total lengthe0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 6.6%e0
Comparator: control groupe0

Verbatim

e0
“Plant genotypes grown under elevated ozone showed 13.45% and 11.35% reduction in total root and shoot dry weight, and 25.54% and 6.6% decrease in plant leaf area and plant total length respectively compared to the control group”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1126–1353

t0
“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–92

Title

A growth and biochemistry of ten high yielding genotypes of Pakistani rice (Oryza sativa L.) at maturity under elevated tropospheric ozone

Adnan Arshad Heliyon 2021. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08198

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Ozone harmed rice growth and metabolism and caused foliar injury and early leaf senescence.
Observation IR-9, Punjab-Basmati, and Ksk-434 were the most ozone-susceptible rice genotypes.
Observation Basmati-515, Basmati 2000, and super-Basmati were ozone-tolerant rice genotypes.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone reduced root dry weight by 13.45% versus controls.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone reduced shoot dry weight by 11.35% versus controls.
Intervention effect Elevated ozone decreased rice leaf area by 25.54% versus controls.
Association Treatment interacted significantly with chemical components and growth parameters in rice.
Association Visual response was directly related to growth and biochemical parameters in rice.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rice grain yield declined by 35% in Yokkaichi pollution area.

Taxon: rice plantOryza sativat0
Treatment: air pollutione0
Outcome: grain yielde0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 35%e0
Setting: Yokkaichie0

Verbatim

e0
“The percentage of decrease in the area of the air pollution at Yokkaichi was 50% in total dry weight and 35% in the grain yield.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2518–2646

t0
“rice plant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 143–153

Title

Studies on the Mechanism of Injurious Effects of Toxic Gases on Crop Plants : XII. On the characteristic in the growth and grain production of rice plant in air pollution area (Yokkaichi city), and the significance as the indicator plant for monitering of air pollution

Tetsuro TANIYAMA; Kazuo SAWANAKA Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1975. doi:10.1626/jcs.44.74

Other claims from this paper (17)

Association Rice leaf age, stem number and height were smaller in Yokkaichi than Tsu.
Association Rice leaf area expansion and leaf dry weight initially exceeded Tsu but later fell behind.
Association Stem dry weight decreased more than leaf dry weight.
Association Early root dry weight was severely inhibited by air pollution.
Observation Late emerging tillers were numerous in Yokkaichi.
Association Higher sulfur oxide concentration was associated with later heading.
Association Rice grain production was lower in Yokkaichi than Tsu, by up to 35%.
Association Panicles per hill were the yield component most affected by pollution.
Association Percentage of 1,000 kernels was another yield component affected by pollution.
Association Total dry weight correlated significantly with sulfur oxide concentration.
Association Grain yield correlated significantly with sulfur oxide concentration.
Observation No typical visible sulfur oxide injury was observed on leaves or sheaths.
Association Total rice dry weight declined by 50% in Yokkaichi pollution area.
Observation Rice grain production began decreasing in 1958.
Observation Rice damage was most severe in 1961 and 1965.
Association Rice grain production percentage correlated significantly with asthma case numbers.
Recommendation The author recommended indicator plants for monitoring air pollution.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Biocontrol treatments increased rice growth measures versus control.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Treatment: P. fluorescens and T. viride either alone or in combinatione0
Interactor: P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
Second interactor: T. virideTrichoderma viridee0biocontrol_agent
Outcome: root and shoot lengths, dry weight and plant heighte0
Direction: Increasede0
Comparator: controle0

Verbatim

e0
“Increased root and shoot lengths, dry weight and plant height were recorded following treatment of plants with P. fluorescens and T. viride either alone or in combination when compared with control.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 278–476

t0
“in Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 183–190

Title

Application of Talc Formulations of Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula and Trichoderma viride Pers. ex S.F. Gray Decrease the Sheath Blight Disease and Enhance the Plant Growth and Yield in Rice

N. Mathivanan; V. R. Prabavathy; V. R. Vijayanandraj Journal of Phytopathology 2005. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.2005.01042.x

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Applications reduced sheath blight incidence significantly.
Intervention effect Productive tillers, grains per panicle and test weight rose significantly.
Intervention effect Grain and straw yields increased.
Intervention effect Combined application marginally improved growth, yield and blight suppression.
Intervention effect Combined application had no significant additive effect on sheath blight or grain yield.
Recommendation Authors recommend talc biocontrol formulations for rice sheath blight management.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing the late-stage spike-grain nitrogen ratio shortened the second internode and leaf sheath.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Treatment: increase of the spike-grain nitrogen ratio at late growth stagee0
Outcome: 2nd internode and its leaf sheath lengthe0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Induce of nitrogen application rate or increase of the spike-grain nitrogen ratio at late growth stage could made 2nd internode and its leaf sheath length decrease,area of cross section enlarge,internode dry weight increase,culms wall thicken.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1013–1256

t0
“Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 34–38

Title

Effects of Nitrogen Management on Rice Lodging Resistance of the Third Accumulative Temperature Belt in Heilongjiang Province

Chen Shu-qian 2015

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Rice yield increased at 161 kg / ha with a 6. 5 to 3. 5 application ratio.
Intervention effect Increasing the spike-grain nitrogen ratio increased grains per panicle, panicle number and population sink capacity.
Intervention effect Higher nitrogen application increased rice plant height and bending moment.
Intervention effect Higher nitrogen application reduced rice bending force.
Intervention effect Higher nitrogen application increased the rice lodging index.
Intervention effect A lower late-stage spike-grain nitrogen ratio increased rice stem bending force.
Intervention effect A lower late-stage spike-grain nitrogen ratio decreased the rice lodging index.
Intervention effect Reducing nitrogen application shortened the second internode and leaf sheath.
Intervention effect Reducing nitrogen application enlarged stem cross-section, increased internode dry weight and thickened culm walls.
Intervention effect Increasing the late-stage spike-grain nitrogen ratio enlarged stem cross-section, increased internode dry weight and thickened culm walls.
Observation The nitrogen management improved physical properties of rice stems.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In propanil-treated rice leaves, proteins and photosynthetic products temporarily decreased, with complete recovery in 4-5 days.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae0
Organ / stage: leavese0
Treatment: propanile1
Outcome: proteins and photosynthetic productse0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: followed by complete recovery in 4–5 dayse0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“In treated rice leaves there was, however, a temporary decrease in dry weight, pigments, proteins and photosynthetic products followed by complete recovery in 4–5 days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 189–356

e1
“When sprayed as a post‐emergent, foliar herbicide propanil destroyed Echinochloa crus‐galli (L.) with little or no visible injury to rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–146

Title

Action of propanil on in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence in Echinochloa crus‐galli and rice

H. DANIELL; G. SAROJINI; P. KUMARACHINNAYAN; et al. Weed Research 1981. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1981.tb00113.x

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Foliar post-emergent propanil destroyed Echinochloa crus-galli.
Intervention effect Foliar post-emergent propanil caused little or no visible injury to rice.
Intervention effect In propanil-treated rice leaves, dry weight and pigments temporarily decreased, with complete recovery in 4-5 days.
Intervention effect At lower concentrations propanil inhibited electron flow in both rice and E. crus-galli in a manner similar to DCMU.
Intervention effect At higher concentrations propanil damaged the primary electron donor in both rice and E. crus-galli.
Intervention effect In vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetics after field spraying of 1% propanil confirmed progressive deterioration of the weed.
Intervention effect Propanil decreased fluorescence in rice leaves for a few hours.
Intervention effect Rice leaves showed partial recovery of fluorescence from propanil within 6 h of spraying.
Intervention effect Rice leaves showed total recovery of fluorescence from propanil within 48 h of spraying.
Intervention effect When leaves were infiltrated with 0.01% propanil, fluorescence recovered well in both weed and crop leaves.
Intervention effect When leaves were infiltrated with 1% propanil, fluorescence was drastically affected in both weed and crop leaves.
Intervention effect With 0.1% propanil, fluorescence in the weed leaves deteriorated progressively.
Intervention effect With 0.1% propanil, fluorescence in the crop leaves recovered after 4 h of incubation.
Mechanism The authors suggest that the crop has an effective endogenous detoxifying mechanism for propanil.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Upland farming increased white root number and its proportion of total roots.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: upland farmingt0
Outcome: white root number and ratios of white root number to total root numbere0
Direction: increasee0
Comparator: waterlogged soil conditione1

Verbatim

e0
“with a considerable increase, white root number and ratios of white root number to total root number”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 417–517

t0
“Rice Plant under Upland Farming with Mulching”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–72

e1
“Compared with rice on waterlogged soil condition,dry matter ratios of root to shoot, leaf length, maximum root length, average root length, and root dry matter weight decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 240–415

Title

Physiological Responses to Rice Plant under Upland Farming with Mulching

Guoxian Cui; Qirong Shen; Fan Xiaorong JOURNAL OF HUNAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY 2003

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Upland farming reduced root to shoot dry matter ratio, leaf length, root lengths and root dry matter weight relative to waterlogged soil.
Observation Thin roots and root hairs occurred in upland rice.
Intervention effect At nursery stage, upland farming significantly increased root active absorption area and leaf glycolic acid oxidase activity.
Intervention effect At nursery stage, upland farming significantly increased chlorophyll and nitrate reductase activity and nitrate nitrogen content.
Intervention effect Upland farming lowered net photosynthesis rate.
Intervention effect The chlorophyll a to b ratio changed little under upland farming.
Intervention effect From panicle differentiation to heading, NRA, nitrate and chlorophyll stayed higher in upland rice.
Observation The chlorophyll a to b ratio decreased by 0.12 units from panicle differentiation to heading.
Intervention effect Net photosynthesis rate approached the waterlogged condition level.
Intervention effect Upland farming produced greater endogenous hormone changes than waterlogged cultivation.
Intervention effect At panicle differentiation, upland cultivation increased root and leaf ABA and root GA.
Intervention effect At panicle differentiation, upland cultivation decreased leaf GA and iPA and root iPA.
Intervention effect Root IAA increased strongly in Shanyou 63 under upland cultivation.
Intervention effect Root IAA showed the reverse response in upland rice 85-15.
Intervention effect At maturity, leaf IAA and GA and root iPA increased in upland rice.
Intervention effect At maturity, root and leaf ABA decreased in upland rice.
Association Root GA and IAA and leaf iPA differed significantly among varieties.

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“dry weight decrease”

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