Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought increased APX and GPX enzyme activities and proline content of common bean compared with control.

Taxon: common beanPhaseolus vulgarist1
Treatment: Drought conditione4
Outcome: APX and GPX enzyme activities and proline contente4
Direction: increasee4
Comparator: controle1

Verbatim

t1
“common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 16–51

e4
“Drought condition caused an increase of APX and GPX enzyme activities and proline content and decrease of dry weight and chlorophyll content.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1484–1625

e1
“The life table parameters of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, reared on stress-induced plants were measured and compared with control.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 978–1130

Title

The response of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to salinity and drought stresses and life table parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch reared on it

Samira Khodayari; Narmila Nematollahi; Fatemeh Abedini; et al. Systematic and Applied Acarology 2021. doi:10.11158/saa.26.1.4

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Low salinity increased fresh weight of common bean compared with control.
Intervention effect Low salinity decreased chlorophyll and protein contents of common bean compared with control.
Intervention effect Intermediate salinity increased APX and CAT enzyme activities in common bean compared with control.
Intervention effect Intermediate salinity decreased dry weight, chlorophyll and protein of common bean compared with control.
Intervention effect Intermediate salinity decreased proline contents of common bean compared with control.
Intervention effect Drought decreased dry weight and chlorophyll content of common bean compared with control.
Intervention effect Mites reared on plants under both stresses had significantly lower net reproductive rate, mean generation time and gross reproductive rate than on control plants.
Intervention effect Intrinsic and finite rates of increase of mites decreased significantly only on plants under intermediate salinity compared with control.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined deficiency of Cu and Ca further accentuated the low-Cu effects.

Taxon: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaree0
Treatment: combined deficiency in Cu and Cae2
Outcome: These effectse2
Direction: accentuatede2
Comparator: Low Cu levelse1

Verbatim

e0
“Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. Jyoti was grown in refined sand at three levels of Cu, namely, deficient (0.01 µM), normal (1 µM), and excess (100 µM)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–159

e1
“Low Cu levels resulted in a decrease of the dry weight of whole plant and in the leaf chlorophyll content as well as Cu and Fe concentrations and activity of polyphenol oxidase and in an increase of the activities of ribonuclease and peroxidase and concentration of reducing sugars”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 238–519

e2
“These effects were further accentuated by a combined deficiency in Cu and Ca”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 521–597

Title

Variation in calcium levels leads to changes in the copper metabolism in barley

Chitralekha Chatterjee; Nirmala Nautiyal Soil Science & Plant Nutrition 2001. doi:10.1080/00380768.2001.10408363

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Low Cu decreased the dry weight of the whole barley plant compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Cu decreased leaf chlorophyll content compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Cu decreased leaf Cu and Fe concentrations compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Cu decreased polyphenol oxidase activity compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Cu increased ribonuclease and peroxidase activities and reducing sugar concentration compared with normal Cu.
Intervention effect Low Ca further reduced dry weight under excess Cu.
Intervention effect Low Ca further reduced leaf chlorophyll and Fe concentrations under excess Cu.
Intervention effect Low Ca increased sugar concentration and polyphenol oxidase and ribonuclease activities under excess Cu.
Intervention effect Excess Ca further enhanced the Cu toxicity effects in barley.
Intervention effect Adding normal Cu to low-Cu plants alleviated Cu deficiency effects.
Intervention effect Resuming Ca supply partially alleviated the effects of Ca deficiency in barley leaf discs.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GABA increased total soluble carbohydrate, starch, and glucose.

Taxon: pomegranatePunica granatume0 t0 e1 e2
Treatment: GABA applicatione0 t0 e1 e2
Outcome: total soluble carbohydrate, starch, glucosee0 t0 e1 e2
Direction: accumulatione0 t0 e1 e2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“GABA application has induced the accumulation of compatible osmolytes, including total soluble carbohydrate, starch, glucose, fructose, and sucrose”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1182–1329

t0
“Exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid improves the photosynthesis efficiency, soluble sugar contents, and mineral nutrients in pomegranate plants exposed to drought, salinity, and drought-salinity stresses”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–197

e1
“Under stress conditions, the photosynthetic capacity of two pomegranate cultivars, including transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, stomatal conductance of water vapour, and mesophyll conductance, was significantly reduced”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 573–845

e2
“decrease in root morphological traits such as fresh and dry weight, diameter, and volume”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 866–954

Title

Exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid improves the photosynthesis efficiency, soluble sugar contents, and mineral nutrients in pomegranate plants exposed to drought, salinity, and drought-salinity stresses

Saeedeh Zarbakhsh; Ali Reza Shahsavar BMC Plant Biology 2023. doi:10.1186/s12870-023-04568-2

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Stress significantly reduced transpiration, net photosynthesis, and intercellular CO2.
Intervention effect Stress significantly reduced stomatal and mesophyll conductance.
Intervention effect Stress decreased root fresh and dry weight, diameter, and volume.
Intervention effect Stress decreased aerial fresh and dry weight.
Intervention effect GABA reversed stress effects on growth parameters.
Intervention effect GABA maintained photosynthetic capacity under stress.
Intervention effect GABA increased fructose and sucrose.
Intervention effect GABA increased uptake of potassium, potassium/sodium, and magnesium.
Intervention effect GABA increased uptake of phosphorus, manganese, zinc, and iron.
Intervention effect GABA up to 40 mM prevented sodium and chloride uptake.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity increased proline content by 84-131%.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment: Salinity stress (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl)e2
Outcome: proline contente2
Direction: increasee2
Value: 84-131%e2
Comparator: control (no stress conditions)e2

Verbatim

t0
“TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 93–125

e2
“Under salinity stress (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl), a significant decrease in the germination percentage (2-11%), seedling dry weight (17-29%), total seedling length (17-26%), seed vigour index I (19-32%), seed vigour index II (18-35%), and chlorophyll content (24-55%) was detected, whereas a significant increase in the proline content (84-131%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (20-32%), and catalase (CAT) activity (1…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1088–1585

Title

STANDARDIZING THE APPROPRIATE DOSES OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FOR ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.) SEEDS GROWN UNDER SALINE CONDITIONS

T. GHOSH; S.K. YADAV; S. YADAV; et al. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 2025. doi:10.15666/aeer/2303_58595881

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater germination (92%) than the controls.
Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater seed vigour index I (1399) than the controls.
Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater seed vigour index II (1813) than the controls.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato germination percentage by 2-11%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato seedling dry weight by 17-29%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato total seedling length by 17-26%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased seed vigour index I by 19-32%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased seed vigour index II by 18-35%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased chlorophyll content by 24-55%.
Intervention effect Salinity increased superoxide dismutase activity by 20-32%.
Intervention effect Salinity increased catalase activity by 19-39%.
Association ZnO NP nanopriming increased chlorophyll production, antioxidative mechanisms and osmotic regulation in tomato seedlings.
Association ZnO NP nanopriming reduced ROS and lipid peroxidation accumulation in tomato seedlings.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Narrower spacing reduced leaf area, head diameter, seeds per head and thousand-seed weight.

Taxon: sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
Treatment: distance between hillse0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
Outcome: leaf area , head diameter , number of seeds per heade0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
Direction: decreaseinferrede0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“while a reverse results was obtained for leaf area , head diameter , number of seeds per head and weight of 1000 seeds for both years of study”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1434–1576

t0
“sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L .)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 39–82

t1
“sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L .)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 39–82

e2
“Flamme genotype was significantly superior (P < 0.05 ) in most characters of growth , yields and harvest index in both years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 498–622

e3
“Oil percentage and oil yields in the first year , and the value of the above characters reached the highest at 20 cm distance between hills”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1027–1166

e4
“For the second character the average was 43.02 and 62.56 % as compared with 30 and 40 cm distance among hills respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1310–1432

e5
“Decreasing distance between hills caused significant increase in the plant height, leaf area index ,dry matter yield , seed yield and harvest index in both years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 864–1025

e6
“the number of plants per hill was (1, 2plants )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 390–437

e7
“when planting two plants in a hill; the yields of seed increased about 70% as an average for both years and oil yields to about 54% as compared with planting one plant per hill”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1579–1755

Title

Response of growth and yields of three sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L .) to arrangement system of plants in farm

B. H. Abduallah Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2008. doi:10.32649/ajas.2008.32102

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observation Flamme had superior growth, yield and harvest index relative to the other genotypes.
Observation Flamme seed yield averaged 10.19 ton /ha, compared with Akmar at 6.12 and Euro flower at 6.46 ton / ha.
Observation Flamme oil yield was 3.82 ton /ha, above Akmar at 2.31 and Euroflower at 2.41 ton /ha.
Intervention effect Narrower hill spacing increased sunflower plant height, leaf area index and dry matter yield.
Intervention effect Narrower hill spacing increased seed yield and harvest index.
Intervention effect Narrower hill spacing increased oil percentage and oil yield in the first year.
Intervention effect At 20 cm spacing, seed yield exceeded yields at 30 and 40 cm by 38.33% and 54.09%, respectively.
Intervention effect At 20 cm spacing, oil yield exceeded yields at 30 and 40 cm by 43.02% and 62.56%, respectively.
Intervention effect Two plants per hill increased seed yield by about 70% compared with one plant per hill.
Intervention effect Two plants per hill increased oil yield by about 54% compared with one plant per hill.
Intervention effect Plant number per hill had no reported effect on harvest index.
Intervention effect One plant per hill significantly increased sunflower oil percentage.
Intervention effect Flamme produced higher seed and oil yields at 20 cm spacing and two plants per hill.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity increased catalase activity by 19-39%.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment: Salinity stress (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl)e2
Outcome: catalase (CAT) activitye2
Direction: increasee2
Value: 19-39%e2
Comparator: control (no stress conditions)e2

Verbatim

t0
“TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 93–125

e2
“Under salinity stress (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl), a significant decrease in the germination percentage (2-11%), seedling dry weight (17-29%), total seedling length (17-26%), seed vigour index I (19-32%), seed vigour index II (18-35%), and chlorophyll content (24-55%) was detected, whereas a significant increase in the proline content (84-131%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (20-32%), and catalase (CAT) activity (1…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1088–1585

Title

STANDARDIZING THE APPROPRIATE DOSES OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FOR ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.) SEEDS GROWN UNDER SALINE CONDITIONS

T. GHOSH; S.K. YADAV; S. YADAV; et al. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 2025. doi:10.15666/aeer/2303_58595881

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater germination (92%) than the controls.
Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater seed vigour index I (1399) than the controls.
Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater seed vigour index II (1813) than the controls.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato germination percentage by 2-11%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato seedling dry weight by 17-29%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato total seedling length by 17-26%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased seed vigour index I by 19-32%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased seed vigour index II by 18-35%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased chlorophyll content by 24-55%.
Intervention effect Salinity increased proline content by 84-131%.
Intervention effect Salinity increased superoxide dismutase activity by 20-32%.
Association ZnO NP nanopriming increased chlorophyll production, antioxidative mechanisms and osmotic regulation in tomato seedlings.
Association ZnO NP nanopriming reduced ROS and lipid peroxidation accumulation in tomato seedlings.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ascorbic acid at 10 micromolar increased carotenoids of cress by 0.05 relative to control.

Taxon: Lepidium sativum L.Lepidium sativumt0
Treatment: 10 micromolar ascorbic acide2
Outcome: carotenoidse0
Direction: increasede2
Value: 0.05e2
Comparator: controle2

Verbatim

t0
“Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–48

e0
“Irrigation based on 60% of field capacity as compared with that of 100% F.C. reduced relative water content, chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids and dry matter weight by 20.89, 0.06, 0,034, 0.04 and 57.8 percent respectively and a 20% increase in canopy temperature”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 842–1104

e2
“applying of 10 micromolar ascorbic acid relative to control increased 12.22, 0.075, 0.15, 0.05 and 57.8 percent on traits mentioned above respectively and a 3% decrease in canopy temperature”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1112–1302

Title

Study some of Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum L.) Physiological Traits at Levels of Irrigation and Ascorbic Acid

Zohre Akbari; M. Fazeli Rostampour; Leyla Zeya Ebrahimi; et al. DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 2017

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Irrigation at 60% of field capacity reduced relative water content of cress by 20.89 compared with 100% field capacity.
Intervention effect Irrigation at 60% of field capacity reduced chlorophyll a of cress by 0.06 compared with 100% field capacity.
Intervention effect Irrigation at 60% of field capacity reduced chlorophyll b of cress by 0,034 compared with 100% field capacity.
Intervention effect Irrigation at 60% of field capacity reduced carotenoids of cress by 0.04 compared with 100% field capacity.
Intervention effect Irrigation at 60% of field capacity reduced dry matter weight of cress by 57.8 percent compared with 100% field capacity.
Intervention effect Irrigation at 60% of field capacity increased canopy temperature of cress by 20% compared with 100% field capacity.
Intervention effect Ascorbic acid at 10 micromolar increased relative water content of cress by 12.22 relative to control.
Intervention effect Ascorbic acid at 10 micromolar increased chlorophyll a of cress by 0.075 relative to control.
Intervention effect Ascorbic acid at 10 micromolar increased chlorophyll b of cress by 0.15 relative to control.
Intervention effect Ascorbic acid at 10 micromolar increased dry matter weight of cress by 57.8 percent relative to control.
Intervention effect Ascorbic acid at 10 micromolar decreased canopy temperature of cress by 3% relative to control.
Intervention effect Ascorbic acid applied at 100% field capacity had no effect on cress traits, except chlorophyll b and carotenoids.
Intervention effect Ascorbic acid at 100% field capacity was effective on chlorophyll b and carotenoids contents of cress.
Intervention effect Ascorbic acid at 60 and 80% field capacity increased relative water content, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b of cress.
Intervention effect Ascorbic acid at 60 and 80% field capacity increased carotenoids and dry matter of cress.
Intervention effect Ten micromolar ascorbic acid increased dry matter of cress significantly under 60% and 80% field capacity irrigation.
Intervention effect Ascorbic acid could not reduce the negative impacts of a 20% decrease in irrigation on cress.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity increased proline content, membrane injury and Na+ content in grain of wheat genotypes.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume1
Material: Raj-3077, Raj-3765 (salt tolerant) and Raj-1482, PBW-502 (salt susceptible)e1
Treatment: Salinitye0
Outcome: proline content, membrane injury, Na+ content in graine0
Direction: increasee0
Setting: cemented potse2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Salinity was found to decrease significantly the photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, relative water content, chlorophyll content, osmotic potential, soluble sugar content, plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, number of grains, total number of tillers/plant, test weight, fresh, and dry weight, grain yield, biological yield, and K+ content in grain with an increase in proline content, m…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 361–838

e1
“wheat genotypes namely, Raj-3077, Raj-3765 (salt tolerant) and Raj-1482, PBW-502 (salt susceptible)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 131–230

e2
“were grown in cemented pots under different levels of salinity (0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 dSm-1) at 30 DAS, 60 DAS and anthesis stage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 232–359

Title

Effect of Salt Stress on Physiological, Biochemical, Growth and Yield Variables of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)

Niraj Yadav; DL Bagdi; BL Kakralya Agricultural science digest 2011

Other claims from this paper (10)

Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing zinc rate reduced unfilled grain percentage and phosphorus content of grains.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae0
Treatment: Increasing zinc ratee6
Outcome: unfilled grains % and phosphorus content of grainse7
Direction: decreaseinferrede7
Setting: Experimental Farm of El-Sirw Agricultural Research Station, Dammietta Governorate, Egypte0

Verbatim

e0
“Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Farm of El-Sirw Agricultural Research Station, Dammietta Governorate, Egypt, in 2007 and 2008 seasons, to study the effect of phosphorus rate (0, 18, 36, and 54 kg P2O5/ha) and Zinc rate (0, 12, 24 and 36 kg ZnSO4/ha) on productivity of some rice cultivars (Giza177, Giza 178 and Sakha104 as inbred cultivars and hybrid cultivar SK2034H) under saline soil conditi…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–424

e6
“Increasing zinc rate from 0 to 36 kg ZnSO4/ha significantly increased leaf area index, dry matter production, panicle length, panicle weight, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index and N and crude protein contents of grains.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1363–1607

e7
“The inverse was true in unfilled grains % and phosphorus content of grains.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1608–1683

Title

EFFECT OF ZINC AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION ON RICE CROP UNDER SALINE SOIL CONDITIONS

H. Gharib; B. Zayed; S. Sorour; et al. Journal of Plant Production 2011. doi:10.21608/jpp.2011.85610

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity increased superoxide dismutase activity by 20-32%.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment: Salinity stress (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl)e2
Outcome: superoxide dismutase (SOD) activitye2
Direction: increasee2
Value: 20-32%e2
Comparator: control (no stress conditions)e2

Verbatim

t0
“TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 93–125

e2
“Under salinity stress (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl), a significant decrease in the germination percentage (2-11%), seedling dry weight (17-29%), total seedling length (17-26%), seed vigour index I (19-32%), seed vigour index II (18-35%), and chlorophyll content (24-55%) was detected, whereas a significant increase in the proline content (84-131%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (20-32%), and catalase (CAT) activity (1…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1088–1585

Title

STANDARDIZING THE APPROPRIATE DOSES OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FOR ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.) SEEDS GROWN UNDER SALINE CONDITIONS

T. GHOSH; S.K. YADAV; S. YADAV; et al. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 2025. doi:10.15666/aeer/2303_58595881

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater germination (92%) than the controls.
Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater seed vigour index I (1399) than the controls.
Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater seed vigour index II (1813) than the controls.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato germination percentage by 2-11%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato seedling dry weight by 17-29%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato total seedling length by 17-26%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased seed vigour index I by 19-32%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased seed vigour index II by 18-35%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased chlorophyll content by 24-55%.
Intervention effect Salinity increased proline content by 84-131%.
Intervention effect Salinity increased catalase activity by 19-39%.
Association ZnO NP nanopriming increased chlorophyll production, antioxidative mechanisms and osmotic regulation in tomato seedlings.
Association ZnO NP nanopriming reduced ROS and lipid peroxidation accumulation in tomato seedlings.

“dry weight decrease”

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