Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher salinity increased leaf sodium, chloride and free proline content.

Taxon: lawn grassest0
Treatment: increase of the salinity levele0
Outcome: content of sodium, chloride and free prolinee0
Direction: increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“the increase of the salinity level caused a significant decrease of the yield of the leaf dry weight from the successive grass crops, and an increase of the content of sodium, chloride and free proline in them”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1650–1859

t0
“lawn grasses”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–72

Title

Studies on the sensitivity of some species and cultivars of lawn grasses on salinity with sodium chloride during the seed germination and first year of growth

Edward Borowski Folia Horticulturae 2008. doi:10.2478/fhort-2013-0108

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Increasing salinity significantly decreased germination speed in the grass species.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity significantly reduced root number, longest-root length and coleoptile length.
Observation Lolium perenne seeds tolerated salinity best, followed by Festuca rubra, Agrostis capillaris and Poa pratensis.
Observation Ronija, Stadion, Nira and Darius ranked in descending seed salinity tolerance.
Intervention effect Higher salinity significantly decreased leaf dry-weight yield in all cultivars.
Observation Ronija showed greatest first-year salinity tolerance, Darius and Stadion intermediate, and Nira lowest.
Association More tolerant cultivars accumulated fewer osmotically active compounds in leaves.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

At nursery stage, upland farming significantly increased chlorophyll and nitrate reductase activity and nitrate nitrogen content.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Organ / stage: nursery seedling stagese0
Treatment: upland farminge0
Outcome: contents of chlorophyll a, b and a + b, the contents of NRA and NO_3-Ne0
Direction: increasee0
Comparator: waterlogged soil conditione1

Verbatim

e0
“the contents of chlorophyll a, b and a + b, the contents of NRA and NO_3-N both in leaves and roots increase significantly during nursery seedling stages in upland farming”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 767–938

t0
“Rice Plant under Upland Farming with Mulching”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–72

e1
“Compared with rice on waterlogged soil condition,dry matter ratios of root to shoot, leaf length, maximum root length, average root length, and root dry matter weight decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 240–415

Title

Physiological Responses to Rice Plant under Upland Farming with Mulching

Guoxian Cui; Qirong Shen; Fan Xiaorong JOURNAL OF HUNAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY 2003

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Upland farming reduced root to shoot dry matter ratio, leaf length, root lengths and root dry matter weight relative to waterlogged soil.
Intervention effect Upland farming increased white root number and its proportion of total roots.
Observation Thin roots and root hairs occurred in upland rice.
Intervention effect At nursery stage, upland farming significantly increased root active absorption area and leaf glycolic acid oxidase activity.
Intervention effect Upland farming lowered net photosynthesis rate.
Intervention effect The chlorophyll a to b ratio changed little under upland farming.
Intervention effect From panicle differentiation to heading, NRA, nitrate and chlorophyll stayed higher in upland rice.
Observation The chlorophyll a to b ratio decreased by 0.12 units from panicle differentiation to heading.
Intervention effect Net photosynthesis rate approached the waterlogged condition level.
Intervention effect Upland farming produced greater endogenous hormone changes than waterlogged cultivation.
Intervention effect At panicle differentiation, upland cultivation increased root and leaf ABA and root GA.
Intervention effect At panicle differentiation, upland cultivation decreased leaf GA and iPA and root iPA.
Intervention effect Root IAA increased strongly in Shanyou 63 under upland cultivation.
Intervention effect Root IAA showed the reverse response in upland rice 85-15.
Intervention effect At maturity, leaf IAA and GA and root iPA increased in upland rice.
Intervention effect At maturity, root and leaf ABA decreased in upland rice.
Association Root GA and IAA and leaf iPA differed significantly among varieties.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Reducing irrigation from 100% to 50% of the water supply decreased onion plant height, bulb number and total chlorophyll content.

Taxon: onionAllium cepae2
Treatment: reducing irrigation levels from 100 to 50% of the water supplye1
Outcome: plant height, number of bulbs, total chlorophyll contente1
Direction: decreasee1
Comparator: 100e1
Setting: Fallujah, Iraqe0

Verbatim

e0
“A field experiment was conducted in Fallujah, Iraq during the autumn season in 2019”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 89–172

e1
“The results show a significant decrease in plant height, number of bulbs, total chlorophyll content, dry mass, iron content in the leaves, the average weight of bulbs and total yield of bulbs by reducing irrigation levels from 100 to 50% of the water supply”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 571–828

e2
“yield of onion (Allium cepa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 277–308

Title

Response of onion growth and yield grown in soils of semi-arid regions to foliar application of iron under water stress conditions

Gar, Laith Farhan; Bader, Basem Rahem; Al-Esawi, Jabbar Shihab Eyada; et al. DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 2021. doi:10.15159/jas.21.06

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Reducing irrigation from 100% to 50% of the water supply decreased onion dry mass, leaf iron content and average bulb weight.
Intervention effect Reducing irrigation from 100% to 50% of the water supply decreased total onion bulb yield.
Intervention effect Foliar spraying with iron significantly increased most of the measured onion traits.
Intervention effect The combination of 100% water supply and 100 mg L–1 iron gave the highest onion total yield, 4 332 Mg ha–1.
Intervention effect The combination of 75% of water supply and 100 mg L–1 iron gave the highest onion water use efficiency, 84.7%.
Intervention effect Iron and irrigation level interacted significantly for most measured onion traits.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Lower Se dosage (5 mg/L) significantly decreased H2O2 and MDA content in senescing pear leaves.

Taxon: Pyrus bretschneider‘Dangshan Suli’t0
Organ / stage: senescing leavese3
Treatment: Spraying lower Se dosage(5 mg · L-1)e1
Outcome: content of H2O2, and MDAe3
Direction: decreasede3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Pyrus bretschneider‘Dangshan Suli’”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 65–99

e1
“Spraying lower Se dosage(5 mg · L-1)delayed the decrease of water content,dry weight per unit area,chlorophyll and soluble protein content significantly”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 166–318

e3
“decreased the content of H2O2, and MDA significantly in the senescing leaves”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 362–438

Title

Effects of Selenium on Leaf Senescence and Antioxidase System in Pyrus bretschneider‘Dangshan Suli’

Qunlong Liu; Duo Wang; WU Guo-liang; et al. Acta Horticulturae Sinica 2011

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Lower Se dosage (5 mg/L) sprayed on pear leaves significantly delayed the decrease of water content, dry weight per unit area and chlorophyll content.
Intervention effect Lower Se dosage (5 mg/L) significantly delayed the decrease of soluble protein content in senescing pear leaves.
Intervention effect Lower Se dosage (5 mg/L) increased the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in senescing pear leaves.
Intervention effect Lower Se dosage (5 mg/L) deferred leaf senescence by about 7.25 days.
Intervention effect Medium Se dosage (10 mg/L) was not so effective in deferring leaf senescence.
Intervention effect Higher Se dosage (20 mg/L) was not so effective in deferring leaf senescence.
Association The higher the Se dosage, the lower its effect on leaf senescence.
Intervention effect Se inhibited peroxidase (POD) activity in pear leaves.
Mechanism Lower Se dosage may regulate leaf senescence by enhancing SOD and GSH-Px activities, which decreases membrane lipid peroxidation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity decreased chlorophyll content by 24-55%.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment: Salinity stress (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl)e2
Outcome: chlorophyll contente2
Direction: decreasee2
Value: 24-55%e2
Comparator: control (no stress conditions)e2

Verbatim

t0
“TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 93–125

e2
“Under salinity stress (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl), a significant decrease in the germination percentage (2-11%), seedling dry weight (17-29%), total seedling length (17-26%), seed vigour index I (19-32%), seed vigour index II (18-35%), and chlorophyll content (24-55%) was detected, whereas a significant increase in the proline content (84-131%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (20-32%), and catalase (CAT) activity (1…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1088–1585

Title

STANDARDIZING THE APPROPRIATE DOSES OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FOR ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.) SEEDS GROWN UNDER SALINE CONDITIONS

T. GHOSH; S.K. YADAV; S. YADAV; et al. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 2025. doi:10.15666/aeer/2303_58595881

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater germination (92%) than the controls.
Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater seed vigour index I (1399) than the controls.
Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater seed vigour index II (1813) than the controls.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato germination percentage by 2-11%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato seedling dry weight by 17-29%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato total seedling length by 17-26%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased seed vigour index I by 19-32%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased seed vigour index II by 18-35%.
Intervention effect Salinity increased proline content by 84-131%.
Intervention effect Salinity increased superoxide dismutase activity by 20-32%.
Intervention effect Salinity increased catalase activity by 19-39%.
Association ZnO NP nanopriming increased chlorophyll production, antioxidative mechanisms and osmotic regulation in tomato seedlings.
Association ZnO NP nanopriming reduced ROS and lipid peroxidation accumulation in tomato seedlings.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity decreased tomato germination percentage by 2-11%.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment: Salinity stress (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl)e2
Outcome: germination percentagee2
Direction: decreasee2
Value: 2-11%e2
Comparator: control (no stress conditions)e2

Verbatim

t0
“TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 93–125

e2
“Under salinity stress (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl), a significant decrease in the germination percentage (2-11%), seedling dry weight (17-29%), total seedling length (17-26%), seed vigour index I (19-32%), seed vigour index II (18-35%), and chlorophyll content (24-55%) was detected, whereas a significant increase in the proline content (84-131%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (20-32%), and catalase (CAT) activity (1…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1088–1585

Title

STANDARDIZING THE APPROPRIATE DOSES OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FOR ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.) SEEDS GROWN UNDER SALINE CONDITIONS

T. GHOSH; S.K. YADAV; S. YADAV; et al. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 2025. doi:10.15666/aeer/2303_58595881

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater germination (92%) than the controls.
Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater seed vigour index I (1399) than the controls.
Intervention effect ZnO NP priming at 750 ppm for 6 h gave significantly greater seed vigour index II (1813) than the controls.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato seedling dry weight by 17-29%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased tomato total seedling length by 17-26%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased seed vigour index I by 19-32%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased seed vigour index II by 18-35%.
Intervention effect Salinity decreased chlorophyll content by 24-55%.
Intervention effect Salinity increased proline content by 84-131%.
Intervention effect Salinity increased superoxide dismutase activity by 20-32%.
Intervention effect Salinity increased catalase activity by 19-39%.
Association ZnO NP nanopriming increased chlorophyll production, antioxidative mechanisms and osmotic regulation in tomato seedlings.
Association ZnO NP nanopriming reduced ROS and lipid peroxidation accumulation in tomato seedlings.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity significantly decreased photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance in wheat genotypes.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume1
Material: Raj-3077, Raj-3765 (salt tolerant) and Raj-1482, PBW-502 (salt susceptible)e1
Treatment: Salinitye0
Outcome: photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductancee0
Direction: decreasee0
Setting: cemented potse2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Salinity was found to decrease significantly the photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, relative water content, chlorophyll content, osmotic potential, soluble sugar content, plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, number of grains, total number of tillers/plant, test weight, fresh, and dry weight, grain yield, biological yield, and K+ content in grain with an increase in proline content, m…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 361–838

e1
“wheat genotypes namely, Raj-3077, Raj-3765 (salt tolerant) and Raj-1482, PBW-502 (salt susceptible)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 131–230

e2
“were grown in cemented pots under different levels of salinity (0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 dSm-1) at 30 DAS, 60 DAS and anthesis stage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 232–359

Title

Effect of Salt Stress on Physiological, Biochemical, Growth and Yield Variables of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)

Niraj Yadav; DL Bagdi; BL Kakralya Agricultural science digest 2011

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined reclaimed water and deficit irrigation significantly reduced olive oil yield by 25% in 2018.

Taxon: olive treesOlea europaeae0
Treatment: combination of both stresses (RW and RDI)e4
Outcome: oil yielde4
Direction: reducede4
Value: 25% less in 2018e4
Comparator: control treese5

Verbatim

e4
“The combination of both stresses (RW and RDI) neither did decrease the fruit yield; however, it significantly reduced oil yield (25% less in 2018)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1080–1226

e5
“oil content per fruit dry weight was strongly reduced (40%) compared to control trees”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1233–1318

e0
“olive trees cv Arbosana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 562–585

Title

Ripening Indices, Olive Yield and Oil Quality in Response to Irrigation With Saline Reclaimed Water and Deficit Strategies

Cristina Romero-Trigueros; Gaetano Alessandro Vivaldi; Emilio Nicolás Nicolás; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2019. doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.01243

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Reclaimed water without water restriction increased olive fruit yield by 35% compared with control trees.
Intervention effect Reclaimed water without water restriction did not result in higher olive oil yield.
Intervention effect Regulated deficit irrigation did not decrease olive fruit yield.
Intervention effect Regulated deficit irrigation tended to decrease olive weight.
Intervention effect Regulated deficit irrigation increased olive oil yield by about 14.5%.
Intervention effect Combined reclaimed water and deficit irrigation did not decrease olive fruit yield.
Intervention effect Combined reclaimed water and deficit irrigation strongly reduced oil content per fruit dry weight by 40%.
Intervention effect Both RDI treatments lowered acidity levels in olive paste compared with full irrigation treatments.
Intervention effect Both RDI treatments reduced oil extractability and fatty yield.
Intervention effect Reclaimed water exposure decreased olive oil quality.
Intervention effect Reclaimed water exposure reduced oleic acid in olive oil.
Intervention effect Reclaimed water exposure increased the C18:2/C18:3 ratio in olive oil.
Intervention effect Reclaimed water exposure increased peroxides in olive oil.
Intervention effect Reclaimed water improved total polyphenols in olive.
Intervention effect Regulated deficit irrigation improved total polyphenols in olive.
Observation In all cases the olive oil parameters met the legislation.
Recommendation Reclaimed water and regulated deficit irrigation have potential to manage olive oil production.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield was negatively related to kernel hardness, sedimentation value and wet gluten content, significantly but feebly.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume0
Material: three wheat linese0
Outcome: yielde3
Direction: decreaseinferrede3
Qualifier: kernel hardness, sedimentation value, wet gluten contente3

Verbatim

e0
“The results indicated that the yield of the three wheat lines were all higher than that of Yongliang4,while the differences among them were not significant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 235–390

e3
“The yield presented significantly feeble negative relation to quality characters such as kernel hardness,sedimentation value,wet gluten content,dry gluten content,and test weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 754–932

Title

VARIANCE AND CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF AGRONOMIC AND QUALITY CHARACTERS IN SPRING WHEAT LINES

Shuxiang Guo Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University 2009

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity significantly decreased relative water content, chlorophyll content and osmotic potential in wheat genotypes.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume1
Material: Raj-3077, Raj-3765 (salt tolerant) and Raj-1482, PBW-502 (salt susceptible)e1
Treatment: Salinitye0
Outcome: relative water content, chlorophyll content, osmotic potentiale0
Direction: decreasee0
Setting: cemented potse2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Salinity was found to decrease significantly the photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, relative water content, chlorophyll content, osmotic potential, soluble sugar content, plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, number of grains, total number of tillers/plant, test weight, fresh, and dry weight, grain yield, biological yield, and K+ content in grain with an increase in proline content, m…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 361–838

e1
“wheat genotypes namely, Raj-3077, Raj-3765 (salt tolerant) and Raj-1482, PBW-502 (salt susceptible)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 131–230

e2
“were grown in cemented pots under different levels of salinity (0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 dSm-1) at 30 DAS, 60 DAS and anthesis stage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 232–359

Title

Effect of Salt Stress on Physiological, Biochemical, Growth and Yield Variables of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)

Niraj Yadav; DL Bagdi; BL Kakralya Agricultural science digest 2011

Other claims from this paper (10)

“decrease in dry weight”

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Over time

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