Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gibberellic acid, kinetin and abscisic acid were without effect on stem bending.

Treatment: gibberellic acid, kinetin, and abscisic acide7
Outcome: bendinge6
Direction: without effecte7

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e6
“Auxin applied to one side of a vertical stem caused extreme bending away from that side”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1182–1269

e7
“gibberellic acid, kinetin, and abscisic acid were without effect”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1271–1335

Title

Gravitropism in Higher Plant Shoots

Raymond M. Wheeler; Rosemary G. White; Frank B. Salisbury PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1986. doi:10.1104/pp.82.2.534

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect Ethylene at 1.0 and 10.0 cubic centimeters per cubic meter decreased the rate of gravitropic bending in cocklebur stems.
Intervention effect Ethylene at 1.0 and 10.0 cubic centimeters per cubic meter decreased the rate of gravitropic bending in tomato stems.
Intervention effect 0.1 cubic centimeter per cubic meter ethylene had little effect on gravitropic bending of cocklebur stems.
Intervention effect 0.1 cubic centimeter per cubic meter ethylene had little effect on gravitropic bending of tomato stems.
Intervention effect 1.0 millimolar AVG delayed stem bending of cocklebur plants compared with controls.
Intervention effect Adding 0.1 cubic centimeter per cubic meter ethylene partially restored the rate of bending of AVG-treated cocklebur plants.
Intervention effect Applying 0.1% ethephon solution partially restored the rate of bending of AVG-treated cocklebur plants.
Association Ethylene increases in bending cocklebur stems.
Intervention effect AVG inhibits the increase of ethylene in bending cocklebur stems.
Observation Virtually all newly synthesized ethylene appeared in bottom halves of horizontal cocklebur stems.
Association Ethylene concentrations in bottom halves of horizontal cocklebur stems were as much as 100 times those in upright stems or top halves.
Association Physically restraining horizontal cocklebur stems from bending was especially associated with ethylene appearing in bottom halves.
Intervention effect Auxin applied to one side of a vertical stem caused extreme bending away from that side.
Intervention effect Acidic ethephon solutions applied to one side of young seedlings caused bending away from that side in cocklebur, tomato, sunflower and soybean.
Intervention effect Neutral ethephon solutions did not cause bending of seedlings, unlike acidic ethephon solutions.
Intervention effect Neutral ethephon solutions produced typical ethylene symptoms in seedlings.
Intervention effect HCl or acidic ethephon applied to the top of horizontal stems caused downward bending.
Intervention effect HCl or acidic ethephon applied to the bottom of horizontal stems inhibited growth and upward bending, an unexpected result.
Intervention effect Buffered or unbuffered acid (HCl) caused bending similar to that caused by acidic ethephon.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Stem length had no significant effect on stem bending for most genotypes and treatments.

Taxon: Perennial flaxe0
Treatment: stem lengthe2
Outcome: stem bendinge3
Direction: no_changeinferrede2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Perennial flax ( Linum spp.) is a new crop under domestication at the University of Minnesota”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–93

e2
“stem length was an insignificant effect for most genotypes and treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1030–1103

e3
“single-stem insertion effects (stem bending) for three stem lengths (10, 16.25, and 22.5 cm)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 783–875

Title

The Effect of Oasis® Floral Foam on the Postharvest Performance of Perennial Flax Cut Flowers

Julia Stuenkel; Neil O. Anderson; Elizabeth Goodman HortTechnology 2025. doi:10.21273/horttech05598-25

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effect Genotypes and preservative solution types were significant for most measured factors.
Observation Three genotypes (CF10, CF3 and CF5) had the best postharvest life.
Recommendation Perennial flax can be used as a filler flower in standard floral foam despite its thinner stems.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

stem bending did not increase root lignification in nursery seedlings

Taxon: Cordia TrichotomaCordia trichotomat0
Organ / stage: root systemse0
Treatment: stem bendinge0
Outcome: lignification of root systemse0
Direction: did not induce a greatere0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Cordia Trichotoma”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–50

e0
“Application of jasmonates or stem bending in the nursery promoted an increase in stem lignin concentration but did not induce a greater lignification of root systems.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 606–772

Title

Nursery and Field Development of Cordia Trichotoma Seedlings Subjected to Hardening Practices

Danielle Acco Cadorin; Ubirajara Contro Malavasi; João Alexandre Lopes Dranski; et al. Floresta e Ambiente 2024. doi:10.1590/2179-8087-floram-2023-0015

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect jasmonates increased stem lignin concentration in nursery seedlings
Intervention effect stem bending increased stem lignin concentration in nursery seedlings
Intervention effect jasmonates did not increase root lignification in nursery seedlings
Intervention effect Nursery hardening produced no difference in sapling shoot lignin after planting

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Exogenous IAA had no effect on upward stem bending.

Taxon: Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. var. japonica MaximFraxinus mandshuricat0
Treatment: exogenous IAAe2
Outcome: upward bending of stemse2
Direction: had no effecte2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. var. japonica Maxim Seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 106–162

e2
“upward bending of stems, whereas exogenous IAA had no effect”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 903–963

Title

Control of Negative Gravitropism and Tension Wood Formation by Gibberellic Acid and Indole Acetic Acid in Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. var. japonica Maxim Seedlings

Sha Jiang; Yi-Fan Li; Xu-Hui Chen; et al. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7909.2006.00161.x

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Exogenous GA3 at the higher concentration stimulated upward bending of Fraxinus mandshurica stems.
Intervention effect GA3 and IAA combinations had a synergistic effect on upward stem bending.
Intervention effect Exogenous GA3 at the higher dose stimulated wood formation on both the upper and lower sides of the stems.
Intervention effect The GA3 and IAA mixture had a synergistic effect on wood formation in horizontal stems.
Intervention effect Exogenous IAA alone at the lower concentration inhibited development of the G-layer of tension wood on the upper side of horizontal stems.
Intervention effect A mixture of the higher concentrations of GA3 and IAA inhibited development of the G-layer of tension wood on the upper side of horizontal stems.
Intervention effect GA3 applied alone did not inhibit differentiation of gelatinous fibers of tension wood.
Intervention effect IAA strongly affected development of gelatinous fibers of tension wood; the direction is not stated.
Association G-layer development is not related to GA3 dose but needs a relatively lower concentration of IAA (authors' suggestion).

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

LaCl3 did not affect bending during simulated dry transport.

Taxon: tulipt0
Treatment: LaCl3e0
Outcome: stem bendinge0
Direction: did not affecte0
Qualifier: simulated dry transport (3 days, 5 °C and 95 % RH)e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“LaCl3 did not affect stem bending during simulated dry transport (3 days, 5 °C and 95 % RH)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 719–810

t0
“tulip”
✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 49–54

Title

LANTHANUM EFFECTS ON GRAVITROPIC RESPONSE OF CUT TULIP FLOWERS

H.-J. Kim; E.J. Holcomb; K.M. Brown Acta Horticulturae 2005. doi:10.17660/actahortic.2005.669.55

Other claims from this paper (9)

Association Stem bending varied with cultivar.
Association Stem bending was positively correlated with postharvest stem elongation rate.
Intervention effect LaCl3 prevented stem bending.
Intervention effect LaCl3 reduced stem elongation.
Observation LaCl3-treated stems failed to remain straight when placed vertically.
Association Gravitropic response varied among cultivars with growing conditions.
Intervention effect Cold-stored flowers bent less than fresh flowers held at room temperature.
Intervention effect LaCl3 reduced flower longevity by 20 to 40% with or without simulated transport.
Recommendation The authors conclude LaCl3 is not useful commercially to prevent cut-tulip stem bending.

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Bending strength and water content did not differ significantly among wheat varieties.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume0
Outcome: bending strength and water contente0

Verbatim

e0
“there are no significant differences in the bending strength and water content among wheat varieties”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 499–599

Title

Relationship between bending property and density of wheat stem.

Zhihua Yuan; Yingjun Li Agricultural Science and Technology Hunan 2009

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Bending elastic moduli did not differ significantly among the stem segments.

Taxon: Carex pendulaCarex pendulat0
Outcome: bending elastic modulie0
Direction: not significantly differente0

Verbatim

e0
“The flexural rigidity of the stems, segments of the apical internode 1, and the more basal internode 2 differed significantly from each other, whereas the bending elastic moduli were not significantly different.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 750–961

t0
“Carex pendula”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 66–79

Title

Peak values of twist‐to‐bend ratio in triangular flower stalks of Carex pendula: a study on biomechanics and functional morphology

Olga Speck; Feray Steinhart; Thomas Speck American Journal of Botany 2020. doi:10.1002/ajb2.1558

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observation Flexural rigidity differed significantly among Carex pendula stems and internode segments.
Observation Internode 2 torsional rigidity was 3.3 times higher than internode 1.
Observation Torsional moduli did not differ significantly between internodes.
Observation Internode twist-to-bend ratios ranged from 85 to 403.
Observation Carex pendula has a triangular stem with individual sclerenchyma strands.
Observation Internode 2 had significantly more sclerenchyma strands than internode 1.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

SNP did not significantly affect bending relative to controls.

Taxon: snapdragonAntirrhinum majust0
Treatment: SNPe0
Outcome: bendinge0
Direction: did not significantly affecte0
Comparator: the controlse0

Verbatim

e0
“SNP did not significantly affect the bending compared to the controls”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 566–635

t0
“snapdragon flower”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90

Title

Characterizing the effects of different chemicals on stem bending of cut snapdragon flower

May Thu Soe; Aung Htay Naing; Soo Rin Kim; et al. Plant Methods 2022. doi:10.1186/s13007-021-00835-1

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Ethephon prevented stem bending until day 9.
Intervention effect STS produced the highest bending rate.
Association Bending was associated with stem curvature, relative shoot elongation, ethylene production and lignin content.
Intervention effect Growth supplements delayed stem bending in control, SNP and STS treatments.
Intervention effect Growth supplements reduced petal senescence with ethephon at day 9.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Exogenous IAA had no effect on upward stem bending.

Taxon: Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. var. japonica MaximFraxinus mandshuricat0
Treatment: exogenous IAAe0
Outcome: upward bending of stemse0
Direction: no effecte0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Application of exogenous GA 3 at the higher concentration stimulated the upward bending of stems, whereas exogenous IAA had no effect.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 849–983

t0
“Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. var. japonica Maxim”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 106–152

Title

Control of Negative Gravitropism and Tension Wood Formation by Gibberellic Acid and Indole Acetic Acid in Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. var. japonica Maxim Seedlings

Sha Jiang; Yi‐Fan Li; Xu‐Hui Chen; et al. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7909.2006.00204.x-i1

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Higher-dose GA3 stimulated upward stem bending.
Intervention effect Two GA3 and IAA combinations acted synergistically on upward stem bending.
Intervention effect Higher-dose GA3 stimulated wood formation on both sides of stems.
Intervention effect GA3 and IAA mixture had a synergistic effect on wood formation.
Intervention effect exogenous IAA alone at the lower concentration inhibited G-layer development in upper tension wood.
Intervention effect a mixture of the higher concentrations of GA3 (2.89×10 −7 μmol/L) and IAA (5.71×10 −7 μmol/L) inhibited G-layer development in upper tension wood.
Intervention effect GA3 alone did not inhibit differentiation of tension-wood gelatinous fibers.
Intervention effect IAA strongly affected development of tension-wood gelatinous fibers.
Mechanism The authors suggest G-layer development requires relatively low IAA and is unrelated to GA3 dose.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The complete treatment (weeding, fertilization and irrigation) had no significant effect on the stress required for Euler buckling or on the bending stress from lateral stem movement.

Taxon: slash pinePinus elliottiit0
Treatment: complete treatmente0
Outcome: the stress required for Euler buckling or the bending stresse0
Direction: no_changeinferrede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“slash pine”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 100–110

e0
“the complete treatment did not have a significant effect on either the stress required for Euler buckling or the bending stress generated by a lateral stem movement”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 802–966

Title

Effect of growth rate and wind sway on the relation between mechanical and water-flow properties in slash pine seedlings

Thomas J. Dean Canadian Journal of Forest Research 1991. doi:10.1139/x91-210

Other claims from this paper (5)

“stem bending”

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