By gene or molecule as written › A

Mechanismauthor interpretationreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

A and A2 coordinate flower color through the MBW regulatory complex.

Taxon: garden pea (Pisum sativum)Lathyrus oleraceuse7
Gene: Ae0
Outcome: floral huee0

Verbatim

e0
“Flower color is specified by the coordinated action of A (a bHLH transcription factor) and A2 (a WD40 scaffold). Together, they assemble the canonical MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) regulatory complex, which co-activates structural genes in the anthocyanin pathway to determine pigment accumulation and floral hue”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1176–1478

e7
“garden pea (Pisum sativum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 156–182

Title

Molecular Mapping and Functional Analysis of Phenotype-determining Genes for Mendelian Traits in Pea

Jia-He GUO; Shao-Jun LI PROGRESS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS 2025. doi:10.3724/j.pibb.2025.0320

Other claims from this paper (15)

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pea carrying dominant A showed high seed rot resistance.

Taxon: PeaLathyrus oleraceuse0
Interactor: Globisporangium ultimumGlobisporangium ultimume0pathogen
Gene: Ae0
Outcome: resistance to Globisporangium ultimum (formerly Pythium ultimum ) seed rote0
Direction: high levele0

Verbatim

e0
“Pea ( Pisum sativum ) dominant for the fundamental color gene A showed a high level of resistance to Globisporangium ultimum (formerly Pythium ultimum ) seed rot.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–162

Title

Proanthocyanidins: Key for Resistance to Globisporangium (Formerly Pythium) Seed Rot of Pea

Elmer E. Ewing; Norman F. Weeden; Ivan Simko Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 2024. doi:10.21273/jashs05340-23

Other claims from this paper (17)

Association Resistance was associated with testa phenotype.
Association Resistance was not associated with embryo phenotype.
Observation A was completely dominant over a for resistance.
Association Wrinkled seed form did not diminish resistance when A was dominant.
Association Green cotyledons did not diminish resistance when A was dominant.
Association The r recessive allele diminished resistance in seeds borne on white-flowering plants.
Association The i recessive allele diminished resistance in seeds borne on white-flowering plants.
Association Seed rot resistance was closely associated with testa proanthocyanidins.
Association Seed rot resistance was closely associated with testa sclerenchyma.
Observation A testas lacking anthocyanins but containing PAs and sclerenchyma had high seed rot resistance.
Association A mutation removing PAs and sclerenchyma near the hilum markedly increased susceptibility.
Observation Testa PAs were predominantly prodelphinidins in purple-flowered seeds.
Observation Testa PAs were predominantly procyanidins in pink-flowered seeds.
Association Prodelphinidins had higher antioxidant activity than procyanidins.
Association Prodelphinidins were more likely to sequester iron than procyanidins.
Association A B testas resisted seed rot more than A b testas, but the difference was slight.
Recommendation The authors consider growing pink-flowered pea acceptable despite its slightly lower resistance.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A was completely dominant over a for resistance.

Gene: Ae0
Outcome: Dominance of A over ae0

Not reportedTaxonDirection

Verbatim

e0
“Dominance of A over a was complete for this trait.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 318–368

Title

Proanthocyanidins: Key for Resistance to Globisporangium (Formerly Pythium) Seed Rot of Pea

Elmer E. Ewing; Norman F. Weeden; Ivan Simko Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 2024. doi:10.21273/jashs05340-23

Other claims from this paper (17)

Association Pea carrying dominant A showed high seed rot resistance.
Association Resistance was associated with testa phenotype.
Association Resistance was not associated with embryo phenotype.
Association Wrinkled seed form did not diminish resistance when A was dominant.
Association Green cotyledons did not diminish resistance when A was dominant.
Association The r recessive allele diminished resistance in seeds borne on white-flowering plants.
Association The i recessive allele diminished resistance in seeds borne on white-flowering plants.
Association Seed rot resistance was closely associated with testa proanthocyanidins.
Association Seed rot resistance was closely associated with testa sclerenchyma.
Observation A testas lacking anthocyanins but containing PAs and sclerenchyma had high seed rot resistance.
Association A mutation removing PAs and sclerenchyma near the hilum markedly increased susceptibility.
Observation Testa PAs were predominantly prodelphinidins in purple-flowered seeds.
Observation Testa PAs were predominantly procyanidins in pink-flowered seeds.
Association Prodelphinidins had higher antioxidant activity than procyanidins.
Association Prodelphinidins were more likely to sequester iron than procyanidins.
Association A B testas resisted seed rot more than A b testas, but the difference was slight.
Recommendation The authors consider growing pink-flowered pea acceptable despite its slightly lower resistance.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A testas lacking anthocyanins but containing PAs and sclerenchyma had high seed rot resistance.

Organ / stage: testase0
Gene: Ae0
Outcome: high level of seed rot resistancee0
Qualifier: lacked anthocyanins but contained PAs and sclerenchymae0

Not reportedTaxonDirection

Verbatim

e0
“Even A testas that lacked anthocyanins but contained PAs and sclerenchyma showed a high level of seed rot resistance.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 848–965

Title

Proanthocyanidins: Key for Resistance to Globisporangium (Formerly Pythium) Seed Rot of Pea

Elmer E. Ewing; Norman F. Weeden; Ivan Simko Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 2024. doi:10.21273/jashs05340-23

Other claims from this paper (17)

Association Pea carrying dominant A showed high seed rot resistance.
Association Resistance was associated with testa phenotype.
Association Resistance was not associated with embryo phenotype.
Observation A was completely dominant over a for resistance.
Association Wrinkled seed form did not diminish resistance when A was dominant.
Association Green cotyledons did not diminish resistance when A was dominant.
Association The r recessive allele diminished resistance in seeds borne on white-flowering plants.
Association The i recessive allele diminished resistance in seeds borne on white-flowering plants.
Association Seed rot resistance was closely associated with testa proanthocyanidins.
Association Seed rot resistance was closely associated with testa sclerenchyma.
Association A mutation removing PAs and sclerenchyma near the hilum markedly increased susceptibility.
Observation Testa PAs were predominantly prodelphinidins in purple-flowered seeds.
Observation Testa PAs were predominantly procyanidins in pink-flowered seeds.
Association Prodelphinidins had higher antioxidant activity than procyanidins.
Association Prodelphinidins were more likely to sequester iron than procyanidins.
Association A B testas resisted seed rot more than A b testas, but the difference was slight.
Recommendation The authors consider growing pink-flowered pea acceptable despite its slightly lower resistance.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Protein compound A was isolated from cardamom fruit extract.

Taxon: Elettaria cardamomumElettaria cardamomumt0
Organ / stage: Fruitst0
Gene: Ae0
Outcome: protein compounds Ae0

Verbatim

e0
“there are two protein compounds A and B isolated from the protein precipitate resulted from cold aqueous extract for this plant by gel filtration chromatography.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 399–560

t0
“Elettaria cardamomum Fruits”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 36–63

Title

Isolation of Protein Compounds from Elettaria cardamomum Fruits Plant and

Nahida S. Al-Chalabi; Rasha H. Al –Juboory Mağallaẗ ʻulūm al-rāfidayn 2018. doi:10.33899/rjs.2018.159346

Other claims from this paper (3)

Observation Protein compound B was isolated from cardamom fruit extract.
Observation Protein compound A had approximate molecular weight 29940 Dalton.
Observation Protein compound B had approximate molecular weight 10627 Dalton.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Protein compound A had approximate molecular weight 29940 Dalton.

Taxon: Elettaria cardamomumElettaria cardamomumt0
Organ / stage: Fruitst0
Gene: Ae0
Outcome: molecular weighte0
Value: 29940, 10627 Daltone0

Verbatim

e0
“The approximate molecular weight of two compounds A and B are 29940, 10627 Dalton respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 743–837

t0
“Elettaria cardamomum Fruits”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 36–63

Title

Isolation of Protein Compounds from Elettaria cardamomum Fruits Plant and

Nahida S. Al-Chalabi; Rasha H. Al –Juboory Mağallaẗ ʻulūm al-rāfidayn 2018. doi:10.33899/rjs.2018.159346

Other claims from this paper (3)

Observation Protein compound A was isolated from cardamom fruit extract.
Observation Protein compound B was isolated from cardamom fruit extract.
Observation Protein compound B had approximate molecular weight 10627 Dalton.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A gene for Coccomyces hiemalis resistance in cherry was identified.

Taxon: cherrye1
Interactor: Coccomyces hiemalis Higg.Blumeriella hiemalise0pathogen
Gene: Ae0
Outcome: Coccomyces hiemalis Higg. resistancee0

Verbatim

e0
“genes regulating Coccomyces hiemalis Higg. resistance (A)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 598–655

e1
“retarded growth habit in cherry (O2)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 657–693

Title

Using achievements of fruit crop genetics and breeding: a contribution from the Michurinsk Department of the Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders

N. I. Savel’ev; N. N. Savel’eva Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding 2016. doi:10.18699/vj16.178

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation A gene for retarded cherry growth habit was identified.
Observation A gene for pear fruit astringency was identified.
Observation A gene for pear fruit juiciness was identified.
Observation Genotypes carrying the Co allele for columnar apple growth were identified.
Observation Genotypes carrying the PcDw allele for dwarf pear growth were identified.
Observation Genotypes carrying the O2 allele for retarded cherry growth were identified.
Method / resource Three markers were unreliable for screening young apple seedlings for columnar growth because they misidentified columnar seedlings as non-columnar.
Method / resource Primer pair 29f1 and jwi1r was the most robust for identifying columnar genotypes.
Method / resource The columnar genotype primers amplified a specific 586 bp PCR product.
Observation Targeted alleles of apple scab resistance genes, including Rvi6Rvi6, were identified.
Observation Alleles of apple ethylene biosynthesis genes Md-ACS1 and Md-ACO1 were identified.
Observation Alleles of apple expansin gene Md-Exp7 associated with fruit shelf life and pulp firmness were identified.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Allele a frequency was 18.60%.

Taxon: common wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Gene: ae0
Outcome: a, b, d, f, g, allelese0
Value: 18.60%e0

Verbatim

e0
“The a, b, d, f, g, alleles take up 18.60%, 27.37%, 28.77%, 12.98%, 15.79%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 511–598