Paxillaceae 440 claims

family · order Boletales · 4 taxa · NCBI Taxonomy ↗

4 entries

Paxillus involutusalso P. involutus isolate P0 · also P. involutus isolate Mi430 claims · 152 papers Paxillus ammoniavirescens5 claims · 2 papers Paxillus vernalis3 claims · 2 papers Paxillus rubicundulus2 claims · 1 paper

440 claims

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Both fungal isolates primed local and systemic defences in poplar relative to non-inoculated plants.

Taxon: poplars (P. x canescens)Populuse1
Treatment: colonised by Paxillus involutus (Pi) or Cenococcum geophilum (Cg)e1
Interactor: Paxillus involutusPaxillus involutuse1symbiont
Second interactor: Cenococcum geophilumCenococcum geophilume1symbiont
Outcome: local (root) and systemic (leaf) defencese2
Direction: primede2
Comparator: non-inoculated (Ni) plantse2

Verbatim

e1
“poplars (P. x canescens) colonised by Paxillus involutus (Pi) or Cenococcum geophilum (Cg) under control conditions, drought stress and recovery”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 124–268

e2
“Both fungal isolates primed distinct local (root) and systemic (leaf) defences compared to non-inoculated (Ni) plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 270–387

Title

Physiology and Transcriptomics Reveal Divergent Strategies of Mycorrhiza‐Mediated Drought Adaptation in Poplar

Huili Shi; Zhuchou Lu; Andrea Polle Plant Cell & Environment 2026. doi:10.1111/pce.70511

Other claims from this paper (12)

Association Cg-colonised poplars had constitutively higher transcripts of heat shock proteins, galactinol synthase and aquaporins in roots and leaves, regardless of drought.
Intervention effect Pi colonisation enhanced poplar growth and nitrogen-use efficiency.
Intervention effect Pi colonisation increased transcripts of the TOR/RAPTOR complex in poplar leaves.
Intervention effect Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars showed reduced water potential, photosynthesis and growth.
Intervention effect Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars shed more leaves.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars maintained water status under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars sustained photosynthesis under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars retained foliage under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg suppresses poplar growth.
Intervention effect Cg confers constitutive tolerance in poplar.
Mechanism Pi fosters poplar stress acclimation through drought-induced leaf abscission, which enables acclimation and recovery.
Recommendation The authors recommend targeted use of EM fungi in forestry and agriculture, depending on whether productivity or stress resilience is the goal.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pi colonisation enhanced poplar growth and nitrogen-use efficiency.

Taxon: poplars (P. x canescens)Populuse1
Treatment: Pi colonisatione2
Interactor: Paxillus involutusPaxillus involutuse1symbiont
Outcome: growth and nitrogen-use-efficiencye2
Direction: enhancede2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“poplars (P. x canescens) colonised by Paxillus involutus (Pi) or Cenococcum geophilum (Cg) under control conditions, drought stress and recovery”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 124–268

e2
“Pi colonisation enhanced growth and nitrogen-use-efficiency, along with transcriptional increases of the TOR/RAPTOR complex in leaves”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 561–694

Title

Physiology and Transcriptomics Reveal Divergent Strategies of Mycorrhiza‐Mediated Drought Adaptation in Poplar

Huili Shi; Zhuchou Lu; Andrea Polle Plant Cell & Environment 2026. doi:10.1111/pce.70511

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Both fungal isolates primed local and systemic defences in poplar relative to non-inoculated plants.
Association Cg-colonised poplars had constitutively higher transcripts of heat shock proteins, galactinol synthase and aquaporins in roots and leaves, regardless of drought.
Intervention effect Pi colonisation increased transcripts of the TOR/RAPTOR complex in poplar leaves.
Intervention effect Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars showed reduced water potential, photosynthesis and growth.
Intervention effect Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars shed more leaves.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars maintained water status under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars sustained photosynthesis under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars retained foliage under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg suppresses poplar growth.
Intervention effect Cg confers constitutive tolerance in poplar.
Mechanism Pi fosters poplar stress acclimation through drought-induced leaf abscission, which enables acclimation and recovery.
Recommendation The authors recommend targeted use of EM fungi in forestry and agriculture, depending on whether productivity or stress resilience is the goal.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pi colonisation increased transcripts of the TOR/RAPTOR complex in poplar leaves.

Taxon: poplars (P. x canescens)Populuse1
Organ / stage: leavese2
Treatment: Pi colonisatione2
Interactor: Paxillus involutusPaxillus involutuse1symbiont
Gene: TOR/RAPTOR complexe2
Outcome: transcriptional increases of the TOR/RAPTOR complexe2
Direction: increasese2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“poplars (P. x canescens) colonised by Paxillus involutus (Pi) or Cenococcum geophilum (Cg) under control conditions, drought stress and recovery”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 124–268

e2
“Pi colonisation enhanced growth and nitrogen-use-efficiency, along with transcriptional increases of the TOR/RAPTOR complex in leaves”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 561–694

Title

Physiology and Transcriptomics Reveal Divergent Strategies of Mycorrhiza‐Mediated Drought Adaptation in Poplar

Huili Shi; Zhuchou Lu; Andrea Polle Plant Cell & Environment 2026. doi:10.1111/pce.70511

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Both fungal isolates primed local and systemic defences in poplar relative to non-inoculated plants.
Association Cg-colonised poplars had constitutively higher transcripts of heat shock proteins, galactinol synthase and aquaporins in roots and leaves, regardless of drought.
Intervention effect Pi colonisation enhanced poplar growth and nitrogen-use efficiency.
Intervention effect Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars showed reduced water potential, photosynthesis and growth.
Intervention effect Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars shed more leaves.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars maintained water status under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars sustained photosynthesis under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars retained foliage under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg suppresses poplar growth.
Intervention effect Cg confers constitutive tolerance in poplar.
Mechanism Pi fosters poplar stress acclimation through drought-induced leaf abscission, which enables acclimation and recovery.
Recommendation The authors recommend targeted use of EM fungi in forestry and agriculture, depending on whether productivity or stress resilience is the goal.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars showed reduced water potential, photosynthesis and growth.

Taxon: poplarsPopuluse2
Treatment: severe soil moisture declinee2
Interactor: Paxillus involutusPaxillus involutuse1symbiont
Outcome: water potential, photosynthesis, growthe2
Direction: reducede2
Comparator: control conditionse1

Verbatim

e1
“poplars (P. x canescens) colonised by Paxillus involutus (Pi) or Cenococcum geophilum (Cg) under control conditions, drought stress and recovery”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 124–268

e2
“Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars showed reduced water potential, photosynthesis, growth and leaf shedding”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 696–822

Title

Physiology and Transcriptomics Reveal Divergent Strategies of Mycorrhiza‐Mediated Drought Adaptation in Poplar

Huili Shi; Zhuchou Lu; Andrea Polle Plant Cell & Environment 2026. doi:10.1111/pce.70511

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Both fungal isolates primed local and systemic defences in poplar relative to non-inoculated plants.
Association Cg-colonised poplars had constitutively higher transcripts of heat shock proteins, galactinol synthase and aquaporins in roots and leaves, regardless of drought.
Intervention effect Pi colonisation enhanced poplar growth and nitrogen-use efficiency.
Intervention effect Pi colonisation increased transcripts of the TOR/RAPTOR complex in poplar leaves.
Intervention effect Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars shed more leaves.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars maintained water status under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars sustained photosynthesis under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars retained foliage under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg suppresses poplar growth.
Intervention effect Cg confers constitutive tolerance in poplar.
Mechanism Pi fosters poplar stress acclimation through drought-induced leaf abscission, which enables acclimation and recovery.
Recommendation The authors recommend targeted use of EM fungi in forestry and agriculture, depending on whether productivity or stress resilience is the goal.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars shed more leaves.

Taxon: poplarsPopuluse2
Treatment: severe soil moisture declinee2
Interactor: Paxillus involutusPaxillus involutuse1symbiont
Outcome: leaf sheddinge2
Direction: increaseinferrede2
Comparator: control conditionse1

Verbatim

e1
“poplars (P. x canescens) colonised by Paxillus involutus (Pi) or Cenococcum geophilum (Cg) under control conditions, drought stress and recovery”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 124–268

e2
“Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars showed reduced water potential, photosynthesis, growth and leaf shedding”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 696–822

Title

Physiology and Transcriptomics Reveal Divergent Strategies of Mycorrhiza‐Mediated Drought Adaptation in Poplar

Huili Shi; Zhuchou Lu; Andrea Polle Plant Cell & Environment 2026. doi:10.1111/pce.70511

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Both fungal isolates primed local and systemic defences in poplar relative to non-inoculated plants.
Association Cg-colonised poplars had constitutively higher transcripts of heat shock proteins, galactinol synthase and aquaporins in roots and leaves, regardless of drought.
Intervention effect Pi colonisation enhanced poplar growth and nitrogen-use efficiency.
Intervention effect Pi colonisation increased transcripts of the TOR/RAPTOR complex in poplar leaves.
Intervention effect Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars showed reduced water potential, photosynthesis and growth.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars maintained water status under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars sustained photosynthesis under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars retained foliage under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg suppresses poplar growth.
Intervention effect Cg confers constitutive tolerance in poplar.
Mechanism Pi fosters poplar stress acclimation through drought-induced leaf abscission, which enables acclimation and recovery.
Recommendation The authors recommend targeted use of EM fungi in forestry and agriculture, depending on whether productivity or stress resilience is the goal.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pi fosters poplar stress acclimation through drought-induced leaf abscission, which enables acclimation and recovery.

Taxon: poplars (P. x canescens)Populuse1
Treatment: Pie2
Interactor: Paxillus involutusPaxillus involutuse1symbiont
Outcome: stress acclimatione2
Qualifier: via drought-induced leaf abscissione2

Verbatim

e1
“poplars (P. x canescens) colonised by Paxillus involutus (Pi) or Cenococcum geophilum (Cg) under control conditions, drought stress and recovery”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 124–268

e2
“Pi fosters stress acclimation via drought-induced leaf abscission, enabling acclimation and recovery”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1011–1111

Title

Physiology and Transcriptomics Reveal Divergent Strategies of Mycorrhiza‐Mediated Drought Adaptation in Poplar

Huili Shi; Zhuchou Lu; Andrea Polle Plant Cell & Environment 2026. doi:10.1111/pce.70511

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Both fungal isolates primed local and systemic defences in poplar relative to non-inoculated plants.
Association Cg-colonised poplars had constitutively higher transcripts of heat shock proteins, galactinol synthase and aquaporins in roots and leaves, regardless of drought.
Intervention effect Pi colonisation enhanced poplar growth and nitrogen-use efficiency.
Intervention effect Pi colonisation increased transcripts of the TOR/RAPTOR complex in poplar leaves.
Intervention effect Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars showed reduced water potential, photosynthesis and growth.
Intervention effect Under severe soil moisture decline, Pi and Ni poplars shed more leaves.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars maintained water status under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars sustained photosynthesis under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg-colonised poplars retained foliage under severe soil moisture decline, unlike Pi and Ni poplars.
Intervention effect Cg suppresses poplar growth.
Intervention effect Cg confers constitutive tolerance in poplar.
Recommendation The authors recommend targeted use of EM fungi in forestry and agriculture, depending on whether productivity or stress resilience is the goal.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P. involutus-inoculated seedlings had increased ammonium assimilation under well-watered conditions during recovery

Taxon: Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
Treatment: P. involutus -inoculatede3
Interactor: P. involutusPaxillus involutuse3symbiont
Outcome: ammonium assimilatione3
Direction: increasee3
Qualifier: under well-watered conditionse3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Pinus sylvestris”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 50–66

e3
“During recovery, P. involutus -inoculated seedlings had an increase in ammonium assimilation under well-watered conditions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1457–1579

Title

Paxillus involutus enhances drought resistance of Pinus sylvestris seedlings by improving photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency

Paola Musella; Ismahen Lalaymia; Rik Verdonck; et al. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change 2025. doi:10.3389/ffgc.2025.1574237

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect EcM fungal-colonized pine seedlings had increased aboveground biomass under low-water conditions
Intervention effect EcM fungal-colonized pine seedlings had higher photosynthetic rates under low-water conditions
Intervention effect EcM fungal-colonized pine seedlings had higher water-use efficiency under low-water conditions
Intervention effect EcM fungal-colonized pine seedlings had elevated nitrogen and phosphorus contents under low-water conditions
Intervention effect A prolonged low-water regime reduced root colonization by the EcM fungus
Intervention effect P. involutus-inoculated seedlings appeared to have higher chlorophyll production during recovery, possibly due to nutrient availability or fungal demand
Recommendation P. involutus is a valuable strategy for forest regeneration in temperate climates facing drought episodes
Observation Under a moderate water regime (30% field capacity) the fungal effect of P. involutus was not evident

Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P. involutus-inoculated seedlings appeared to have higher chlorophyll production during recovery, possibly due to nutrient availability or fungal demand

Taxon: Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
Treatment: P. involutus -inoculatede3
Interactor: P. involutusPaxillus involutuse3symbiont
Outcome: chlorophyll productione4
Direction: highere4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Pinus sylvestris”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 50–66

e3
“During recovery, P. involutus -inoculated seedlings had an increase in ammonium assimilation under well-watered conditions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1457–1579

e4
“with higher chlorophyll production, possibly due to increased nutrient availability and/or fungal demand”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1673–1777

Title

Paxillus involutus enhances drought resistance of Pinus sylvestris seedlings by improving photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency

Paola Musella; Ismahen Lalaymia; Rik Verdonck; et al. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change 2025. doi:10.3389/ffgc.2025.1574237

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect EcM fungal-colonized pine seedlings had increased aboveground biomass under low-water conditions
Intervention effect EcM fungal-colonized pine seedlings had higher photosynthetic rates under low-water conditions
Intervention effect EcM fungal-colonized pine seedlings had higher water-use efficiency under low-water conditions
Intervention effect EcM fungal-colonized pine seedlings had elevated nitrogen and phosphorus contents under low-water conditions
Intervention effect A prolonged low-water regime reduced root colonization by the EcM fungus
Intervention effect P. involutus-inoculated seedlings had increased ammonium assimilation under well-watered conditions during recovery
Recommendation P. involutus is a valuable strategy for forest regeneration in temperate climates facing drought episodes
Observation Under a moderate water regime (30% field capacity) the fungal effect of P. involutus was not evident

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mycorrhizal association mitigated the detrimental effects of heat and drought, giving less susceptibility and fewer growth limitations in mycorrhizal chestnut plants.

Taxon: chestnute0
Treatment: mycorrhizal associatione0
Interactor: Paxillus involutusPaxillus involutust1symbiont
Outcome: detrimental effects of both stressese0
Direction: mitigatede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The mycorrhizal association, however, mitigated the detrimental effects of both stresses, resulting in less susceptibility and fewer growth limitations in MR chestnut plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 829–1002

t1
“Paxillus involutus”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–45

Title

The ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus positively modulates Castanea sativa Miller (var. Marsol) responses to heat and drought co-exposure

Pedro Mateus; Filipa Sousa; Maria Martins; et al. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2024. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108999

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Heat stress had no harmful effects on growth or photosynthesis and did not induce oxidative stress in mycorrhizal or non-mycorrhizal chestnut plants.
Intervention effect Drought, alone or combined with heat, reduced the growth of non-mycorrhizal chestnut plants.
Intervention effect Drought, alone or combined, affected water content, leaf production and foliar area in non-mycorrhizal chestnut plants.
Intervention effect Drought, alone or combined, hampered net CO2 assimilation and carbon relations in non-mycorrhizal chestnut plants.
Observation Mycorrhizal chestnut plants were capable of ensuring a proper carbon flow under stress.
Intervention effect Non-mycorrhizal chestnut plants under water scarcity showed increased lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide levels.
Intervention effect Mycorrhizal plants prevented oxidative damage, especially under the combined stress.
Observation Overall, drought was the most detrimental condition for chestnut growth.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The ectomycorrhizal fungus P. ammoniavirescens was tolerant to high salinity.

Taxon: loblolly pinePinus taedat0
Interactor: P. ammoniavirescensPaxillus ammoniavirescense1symbiont
Outcome: P. ammoniavirescens was tolerant to high salinitye1

Verbatim

t0
“effects of salinity on loblolly pine in response to potassium availability”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–142

e1
“P. ammoniavirescens was tolerant to high salinity, although growth and nutrient concentrations varied with K + availability and increasing Na + exposure”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 818–970

Title

The ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus ammoniavirescens influences the effects of salinity on loblolly pine in response to potassium availability

Benjamin D. Rose; Marissa A. Dellinger; Clancy P. Larmour; et al. Environmental Microbiology 2024. doi:10.1111/1462-2920.16597

Other claims from this paper (5)