Loganiaceae 660 claims

family · order Gentianales · 52 taxa · NCBI Taxonomy ↗

Showing the 50 largest of 52 entries — type to find more.

Strychnos spinosa115 claims · 23 papers Strychnos potatorumclearing-nut tree89 claims · 17 papers Strychnos nux-vomica65 claims · 18 papers Strychnos innocua36 claims · 7 papers Spigelia30 claims · 12 papers Spigelia anthelmiapink root of Demerara28 claims · 11 papers Strychnosalso Monkey orange26 claims · 11 papers Strychnos cocculoides25 claims · 7 papers Spigelia marilandicaMaryland pinkroot24 claims · 6 papers Strychnos madagascariensis23 claims · 8 papers Usteria guineensis22 claims · 4 papers Loganiaceaealso Strychnos stuhlmannii Gilg16 claims · 11 papers Strychnos erichsonii15 claims · 1 paper Strychnos henningsii14 claims · 4 papers Strychnos pseudoquina14 claims · 5 papers Strychnos minor13 claims · 3 papers Strychnos gerrardii11 claims · 2 papers Strychnos benthamiialso S.benthamii10 claims · 2 papers Strychnos lucida10 claims · 2 papers Strychnos pungens10 claims · 1 paper Gardneria multiflora9 claims · 3 papers Strychnos axillaris7 claims · 2 papers Strychnos nitida5 claims · 1 paper Strychnos vanprukii5 claims · 3 papers Strychnos nux-blanda4 claims · 2 papers Strychnos bredemeyeri3 claims · 1 paper Strychnos cathayensis3 claims · 1 paper Strychnos wallichiana3 claims · 1 paper Geniostoma2 claims · 2 papers Mitreola liui2 claims · 1 paper Mitreola petiolata2 claims · 1 paper Mitreola sessilifolia2 claims · 1 paper Neuburgia corynocarpa2 claims · 1 paper Spigelia guerrerensis2 claims · 1 paper Strychnos angustiflora2 claims · 1 paper Strychnos dalzellii2 claims · 1 paper Strychnos mitis2 claims · 2 papers Strychnos usambarensis2 claims · 1 paper Antonia1 claim · 1 paper Bonyunia1 claim · 1 paper Gardneria1 claim · 1 paper Geniostoma rupestre1 claim · 1 paper Mitrasacme1 claim · 1 paper Mitrasacme pygmaeaalso M. pygmaea R.Br1 claim · 1 paper Mitreola reticulata1 claim · 1 paper Mostuea1 claim · 1 paper Neuburgia1 claim · 1 paper Spigelia sellowiana1 claim · 1 paper Spigelia speciosa1 claim · 1 paper Spigelia splendens1 claim · 1 paper

660 claims

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Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The cyclotide Spat1 was discovered in Spigelia anthelmia.

Taxon: Spigelia anthelmiaSpigelia anthelmiae0
Outcome: discovery of the cyclotide, Spat1e0

Verbatim

e0
“This study reports the discovery of the cyclotide, Spat1, from Spigelia anthelmia (Loganiaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 185–280

Title

Discovery, Isolation, and Bactericidal Activity of a Cyclotide from Spigelia anthelmia L. (Loganiaceae)

Toluwanimi E. Akinleye; Latifat O. Sidiq; Alfred Attah; et al. Journal of Natural Products 2026. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c01216

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Spat1, a 30-residue bracelet-type cyclotide, was isolated, purified and sequenced de novo.

Taxon: Spigelia anthelmiaSpigelia anthelmiae0
Compound: Spat1e1
Outcome: sequenced de novoe1

Verbatim

e0
“This study reports the discovery of the cyclotide, Spat1, from Spigelia anthelmia (Loganiaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 185–280

e1
“Spat1, a 30-residue bracelet-type cyclotide, was isolated, purified, and sequenced de novo”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–442

Title

Discovery, Isolation, and Bactericidal Activity of a Cyclotide from Spigelia anthelmia L. (Loganiaceae)

Toluwanimi E. Akinleye; Latifat O. Sidiq; Alfred Attah; et al. Journal of Natural Products 2026. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c01216

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Spat1 showed strong bactericidal activity against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis (LC 99.9 = 20 μM).

Taxon: Spigelia anthelmiaSpigelia anthelmiae0
Treatment: Spat1e1
Interactor: Bacillus subtilisBacillus subtilise2other
Outcome: bactericidal activitye2
Value: LC 99.9 = 20 μMe2

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“This study reports the discovery of the cyclotide, Spat1, from Spigelia anthelmia (Loganiaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 185–280

e1
“Spat1, a 30-residue bracelet-type cyclotide, was isolated, purified, and sequenced de novo”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–442

e2
“It demonstrated strong bactericidal activity against the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis (LC 99.9 = 20 μM) via rapid membrane disruption”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 445–581

Title

Discovery, Isolation, and Bactericidal Activity of a Cyclotide from Spigelia anthelmia L. (Loganiaceae)

Toluwanimi E. Akinleye; Latifat O. Sidiq; Alfred Attah; et al. Journal of Natural Products 2026. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c01216

Other claims from this paper (8)

Mechanismobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Spat1 kills Bacillus subtilis via rapid membrane disruption.

Taxon: Spigelia anthelmiaSpigelia anthelmiae0
Outcome: bactericidal activitye2
Qualifier: rapid membrane disruptione2

Verbatim

e0
“This study reports the discovery of the cyclotide, Spat1, from Spigelia anthelmia (Loganiaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 185–280

e2
“It demonstrated strong bactericidal activity against the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis (LC 99.9 = 20 μM) via rapid membrane disruption”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 445–581

Title

Discovery, Isolation, and Bactericidal Activity of a Cyclotide from Spigelia anthelmia L. (Loganiaceae)

Toluwanimi E. Akinleye; Latifat O. Sidiq; Alfred Attah; et al. Journal of Natural Products 2026. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c01216

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Spat1 showed no activity against Staphylococcus aureus (LC 99.9 > 400 μM).

Taxon: Spigelia anthelmiaSpigelia anthelmiae0
Treatment: Spat1e1
Interactor: Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus aureuse3other
Outcome: activitye3
Value: > 400 μMe3

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“This study reports the discovery of the cyclotide, Spat1, from Spigelia anthelmia (Loganiaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 185–280

e1
“Spat1, a 30-residue bracelet-type cyclotide, was isolated, purified, and sequenced de novo”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–442

e3
“but showed no activity against Staphylococcus aureus or Gram-negative Escherichia coli (LC 99.9 > 400 μM)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–687

Title

Discovery, Isolation, and Bactericidal Activity of a Cyclotide from Spigelia anthelmia L. (Loganiaceae)

Toluwanimi E. Akinleye; Latifat O. Sidiq; Alfred Attah; et al. Journal of Natural Products 2026. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c01216

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Spat1 showed no activity against Escherichia coli (LC 99.9 > 400 μM).

Taxon: Spigelia anthelmiaSpigelia anthelmiae0
Treatment: Spat1e1
Interactor: Escherichia coliEscherichia colie3other
Outcome: activitye3
Value: > 400 μMe3

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“This study reports the discovery of the cyclotide, Spat1, from Spigelia anthelmia (Loganiaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 185–280

e1
“Spat1, a 30-residue bracelet-type cyclotide, was isolated, purified, and sequenced de novo”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–442

e3
“but showed no activity against Staphylococcus aureus or Gram-negative Escherichia coli (LC 99.9 > 400 μM)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 582–687

Title

Discovery, Isolation, and Bactericidal Activity of a Cyclotide from Spigelia anthelmia L. (Loganiaceae)

Toluwanimi E. Akinleye; Latifat O. Sidiq; Alfred Attah; et al. Journal of Natural Products 2026. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c01216

Other claims from this paper (8)

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Spat1 activity against Bacillus subtilis is independent of lipoteichoic acid, suggesting membrane phospholipid interaction.

Taxon: Spigelia anthelmiaSpigelia anthelmiae0
Interactor: B. subtilisBacillus subtilise4other
Outcome: activitye4
Qualifier: independent of lipoteichoic acid (LTA)e4

Verbatim

e0
“This study reports the discovery of the cyclotide, Spat1, from Spigelia anthelmia (Loganiaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 185–280

e4
“The data suggest that Spat1’s activity is independent of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) in B. subtilis”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 777–872

Title

Discovery, Isolation, and Bactericidal Activity of a Cyclotide from Spigelia anthelmia L. (Loganiaceae)

Toluwanimi E. Akinleye; Latifat O. Sidiq; Alfred Attah; et al. Journal of Natural Products 2026. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c01216

Other claims from this paper (8)

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Lack of phosphatidylethanolamine in S. aureus membranes and weak Spat1 binding to LTA likely explain the inefficacy of Spat1 against S. aureus.

Taxon: Spigelia anthelmiaSpigelia anthelmiae0
Interactor: S. aureusStaphylococcus aureuse5other
Compound: phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)e5
Outcome: inefficacy against this bacterial speciese5

Verbatim

e0
“This study reports the discovery of the cyclotide, Spat1, from Spigelia anthelmia (Loganiaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 185–280

e5
“The lack of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in S. aureus membranes and Spat1’s weak binding to LTA, combined with its low net positive charge (+1), likely explains its inefficacy against this bacterial species”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 967–1174

Title

Discovery, Isolation, and Bactericidal Activity of a Cyclotide from Spigelia anthelmia L. (Loganiaceae)

Toluwanimi E. Akinleye; Latifat O. Sidiq; Alfred Attah; et al. Journal of Natural Products 2026. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c01216

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observationobservedoriginal resultsimulated

Claim · model-written summary

AlphaFold modelling indicates Spat1 adopts a cyclotide-typical β-sheet architecture with a 3 10 -helix within its loop regions.

Taxon: Spigelia anthelmiaSpigelia anthelmiae0
Outcome: β-sheet architecturee6
Qualifier: 3 10 -helix within its loop regionse6

Verbatim

e0
“This study reports the discovery of the cyclotide, Spat1, from Spigelia anthelmia (Loganiaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 185–280

e6
“Structural modeling using AlphaFold AfCycDesign indicated that Spat1 adopts a cyclotide-typical β-sheet architecture and a 3 10 -helix within its loop regions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1176–1334

Title

Discovery, Isolation, and Bactericidal Activity of a Cyclotide from Spigelia anthelmia L. (Loganiaceae)

Toluwanimi E. Akinleye; Latifat O. Sidiq; Alfred Attah; et al. Journal of Natural Products 2026. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c01216

Other claims from this paper (8)

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Strychnos nux-vomica was less frequent in settlements than groves.

Taxon: Strychnos nux-vomicaStrychnos nux-vomicae0
Outcome: nearly absente0
Direction: nearly absente0
Value: 5%e0
Qualifier: 77%e0
Comparator: sacred grovese0
Setting: human settlementse0

Verbatim

e0
“The larger-seeded Strychnos nux-vomica was nearly absent in human settlements (5%) compared to sacred groves (77%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1139–1253

Title

Giant trees enhance zoochorous plant dispersal in sacred groves and human settlements of the Western Ghats, India

Omkar Pai; Jayant Sarnaik; Archana Godbole; et al. PLoS ONE 2026. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0343978

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation The study documented 82 giant trees of 20 species.
Association Sacred groves had higher large-tree species richness than settlements.
Observation Mango and jackfruit dominated settlement tree composition.
Association Terminalia bellirica and other species were more abundant in sacred groves.
Association Settlement giant trees had larger canopy diameter.
Association Settlement giant trees had larger DBH.
Association Sacred grove trees were taller.
Association Caryota urens saplings occurred beneath 91% of grove trees versus 47% in settlements.
Association Caryota urens mean sapling recruitment was 56.0 in groves versus 4.9 in settlements.
Recommendation Sacred groves retain diverse giant trees with conservation value.