Phytolacca rivinoides 11 claims

Claim · model-written summary

Comparisons of floral display, insect visitation and autogamy between tropical P. rivinoides and northern P. americana supported the biotic interactions hypothesis.

Taxon

P. rivinoidesPhytolacca rivinoidese0

Outcome

floral display, insect visitation, autogamye0

Comparator

north‐temperate P. americanae0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“We found evidence supporting the biotic interactions hypothesis for most comparisons between P. rivinoides and north‐temperate P. americana (floral display, insect visitation, autogamy, herbivory, herbivore abundance, and young‐leaf palatability).”

Claim · model-written summary

Comparisons of herbivory, herbivore abundance and young-leaf palatability between tropical P. rivinoides and northern P. americana supported the biotic interactions hypothesis.

Taxon

P. rivinoidesPhytolacca rivinoidese0

Outcome

herbivory, herbivore abundance, and young‐leaf palatabilitye0

Comparator

north‐temperate P. americanae0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“We found evidence supporting the biotic interactions hypothesis for most comparisons between P. rivinoides and north‐temperate P. americana (floral display, insect visitation, autogamy, herbivory, herbivore abundance, and young‐leaf palatability).”

Claim · model-written summary

Phytolacca rivinoides seeds accumulate in soil at more than ten times annual seed input.

Taxon

Phytolacca rivinoidesPhytolacca rivinoidese0

Organ / stage

seedse0

Outcome

densitiese0

Direction

greater thane0

Comparator

annual seed inpute0

Verbatim

e0

“Phytolacca rivinoides, the seeds of which accumulate in the soil to densities more than an order of magnitude greater than that of annual seed input.”

Claim · model-written summary

Three toxic compounds were isolated from Phytolacca rivinoides seeds.

Taxon

Phytolacca rivinoidesPhytolacca rivinoidest0

Organ / stage

Seedst0

Outcome

three toxic compoundse0

Value

threee0

Verbatim

t0

“Seeds of Phytolacca rivinoides”

e0

“I have isolated three toxic compounds and have begun the process of elucidating their chemical structure.”

Claim · model-written summary

Crude extracts containing the three compounds inhibited fungi by 95% relative to control at 5 mg/mL.

Taxon

Phytolacca rivinoidesPhytolacca rivinoidest0

Treatment

crude extracts containing the three compoundse0

Outcome

fungal inhibitione0

Direction

inhibitione0

Value

95%e0

Qualifier

5 mg/mLe0

Comparator

the controle0

Verbatim

t0

“Seeds of Phytolacca rivinoides”

e0

“The crude extracts containing the three compounds have shown 95% fungal inhibition in proportion to the control at a concentration of 5 mg/mL.”

Claim · model-written summary

Phytolacca rivinoides had the highest germination among the listed Puerto Rican species.

Taxon

Phytolacca rivinoidesPhytolacca rivinoidese0e1e2e3

Outcome

seeds germinatinge0e1e2e3

Direction

most abundantlye0e1e2e3

Comparator

Ocotea leucoxylone0e1e2e3

Verbatim

e0

“Phytolacca rivinoides seeds germinating most abundantly, followed in descending order by Ocotea leucoxylon, Cecropia spec, Miconia racemosa, Palicourea riparia and Gonzalagunia spicata”

e1

“In the Puerto Rican experiments Cecropia schreberiana was the only species to show significant seed predation (which was due to insects)”

e2

“Also in Puerto Rico mean germination”

e3

“In the Costa Rican experiments three species had significant predation: Cecropia polyphlebia and Urera caracasana (both due to insects) and Witheringia coccoloboides (due to mammals)”

Claim · model-written summary

Morphological analysis distinguished P. rivinoides from the P. icosandra complex.

Taxon

P. rivinoides Kunth & BouchéPhytolacca rivinoidese0

Outcome

distinguishes P. rivinoides Kunth & Bouché from the P. iscosandra complexe0

Verbatim

e0

“A numerical analysis of morphological variation in Central American Phytolacca distinguishes P. rivinoides Kunth & Bouché from the P. iscosandra complex, which includes elements that have been recognized as P. icosandra L., P. octranda L., P. purpurascens A. Br. & Bouché, P. rugosa A. Br. & Bouché, and P. costaricensis Suesseng.”

Claim · model-written summary

New chromosome counts were 2 n = 36 for P. rivinoides and two complex representatives.

Taxon

P. rivinoidesPhytolacca rivinoidese0

Outcome

chromosome countse0

Value

2 n = 36e0

Verbatim

e0

“New chromosome counts of 2 n = 36 are recorded for P. rivinoides and two representatives of the P. icosandra complex.”

Claim · model-written summary

A multivariate axis summarized nearly half the morphological variation and separated P. rivinoides from the complex.

Taxon

P. rivinoidesPhytolacca rivinoidese0

Outcome

morphological variatione0

Value

Nearly halfe0

Verbatim

e0

“Nearly half the morphological variation in the sample is summarized by a multivariate axis that separates P. rivinoides from the P. icosandra complex.”

Claim · model-written summary

The morphological axis correlated with an elevational cline.

Taxon

P. rivinoidesPhytolacca rivinoidese0

Outcome

cline in elevatione0

Setting

elevatione0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“This axis correlates with a cline in elevation; P. rivinoides occurs between sea level and 2,200 m, and P. rugosa occurs between 1,000 and 3,400 m.”