Intervention effectmodel-written summary

T. harzianum reduced the aflatoxin level produced by A. flavus alone from 5120 ± 560 µg/kg to 50.1 ± 1.10 µg/kg.

A claim from Trichoderma harzianum Suppresses Aflatoxins in Zea mays: A Biological Strategy for Pakistan’s Agriculture Industry · 2026

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T. harzianum reduced the aflatoxin level produced by A. flavus alone from 5120 ± 560 µg/kg to 50.1 ± 1.10 µg/kg.

Taxon
Zea maysZea mayst0
Treatment
T. harzianume0
Interactor
A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0pathogen
Second interactor
T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
Outcome
AFT productione0
Direction
reducinge0
Value
50.1 ± 1.10e0
Qualifier
5120 ± 560 µg/kge0
Comparator
A. flavus alonee0

Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageSetting

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus flavus · InteractorUS gov · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Trichoderma harzianum
Trichoderma harzianum · Second interactorUS Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, [1] · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Zea mays”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 47–55
e0

“T. harzianum and T. asperellum were the most effective at lowering AFT production of the aflatoxigenic strains, reducing the 5120 ± 560 µg/kg AFT level produced by A. flavus alone to 50.1 ± 1.10 and 63.1 ± 3.1 µg/kg, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1514–1743

Title

Trichoderma harzianum Suppresses Aflatoxins in Zea mays: A Biological Strategy for Pakistan’s Agriculture Industry

Aisha Khalid; Shazia Iram; Irum Asif; et al. Stresses 2026. doi:10.3390/stresses6020034

Other claims from this paper (4)

Record rev-5c4e09b7c177cb9ea739aca70ce41f830b787dc511cc9be95dfd204fb5224d30 · schema claims-v0.9 · position 2 in the model’s answer

Trichoderma harzianum · Aspergillus flavus · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 2 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this claim · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.