Intervention effectmodel-written summary

Sesbania plus Azolla in 1986/87 increased rice yield over split urea.

A claim from Integrated management of Sesbania, Azolla and urea nitrogen in lowland rice under a rice–wheat cropping system · 1989

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania plus Azolla in 1986/87 increased rice yield over split urea.

Treatment
Sesbania (40 kg N/ha) + Azolla (40 kg N/ha)e0
Outcome
yieldse0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
split application of 80 kg N/ha as PUe0

Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleSettingValueQualifier

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In 1985/86, Sesbania green manuring (40 kg N/ha) and PU (40 kg N/ha) and, in 1986/87, Sesbania (40 kg N/ha) + Azolla (40 kg N/ha) gave significantly higher yields than a split application of 80 kg N/ha as PU”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 187–394
t0

“lowland rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–75

Title

Integrated management of Sesbania, Azolla and urea nitrogen in lowland rice under a rice–wheat cropping system

B. S. Mahapatra; G. L. Sharma The Journal of Agricultural Science 1989. doi:10.1017/s0021859600086779

Other claims from this paper (6)

Record rev-ee7c808aa53cf9608972d9fd6df521a59dd8031ec29f03d13e0f9ee33071ca22 · schema claims-v0.9 · position 3 in the model’s answer

Azolla · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

47 papers: 43 positive, 4 negative or no effect

42 papers in the same direction as this claim · 1 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
    Azolla did not significantly increase rice yield.

    POTENSI AZOLLA SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI PUPUK KANDANG PADA BUDIDAYA PADI ORGANIK · 2018

    Opposite direction

  2. no effect
    NK plus Azolla produced rice yield comparable to inorganic fertilizer alone.

    Effect of the Biofertilizer (Azolla pinnata) in Combination with Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Rice · 2021 · compared with inorganic fertilizer only

    No difference from an alternative

  3. no effect
    Double incorporation of Azolla alone gave a rice grain yield equivalent to that of 60 kg N/ha ammonium sulphate.

    Research and Development Note: The utilization of Azolla as a source of nitrogen for rice production in Ghana · 1996 · compared with 60 kg N/ha ammonium sulphate

    No difference from an alternative

  4. no effect
    Incorporation of 10 t pressmud ha−1 + 1 t Azolla ha−1 gave rice grain yield at par with hand weeding twice (5.72 t ha−1).

    WEED MANAGEMENT IN RICE AND ITS CARRY OVER EFFECT ON SUCCEEDING BLACK GRAM · 2006 · compared with hand weeding twice

    No difference from an alternative

  5. positive
    Azolla application increased rice grain and straw yields.

    Comparative studies on different methods of Azolla utilization in rice culture · 1986

    Same direction

  6. positive
    Four organic amendments yielded an optimum 4.05 t/ha of organic Basmati rice.

    Impact of Organic Farming on Yield and Quality of BASMATI Rice and Soil Properties · 2007

    Same direction

  7. positive
    Application of EAE at 10 L ha−1 significantly increased rice grain yield by 37.06% compared with the control plot.

    Improving the Climate Resilience of Rice Farming in Flood-Prone Areas through Azolla Biofertilizer and Saline-Tolerant Varieties · 2021 · compared with control plot

    Same direction

  8. positive
    Azolla grown and incorporated once before and twice after transplanting produced the highest rice grain yield.

    Intercropping of Azolla biofertilizer with rice at different crop geometry. · 1990

    Same direction

38 papers more in this group

See all 47 papers →

Sesbania · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

55 papers: 52 positive, 3 negative or no effect

51 papers in the same direction as this claim · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
    Sesbania biomass and mungbean residue with inorganic fertilizers at MYG gave grain yields of T. aman rice identical to fertilizers alone at HYG, in both locations.

    Economics of fertilizer use in the Maize-Mungbean/Dhaincha-T.aman rice cropping pattern · 1970 · compared with fertilizers alone applied for HYG

    No difference from an alternative

  2. no effect
    Rice yield with Sesbania green manure plus 40 kg N/ha was statistically similar to rice with 120 kg N/ha and no organic N.

    Effect of organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen on productivity and soil fertility under rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) crop sequence · 2002 · compared with no organic N with 120 kg N/ha

    No difference from an alternative

  3. no effect
    The integrated package gave a rice yield comparable to the RDF treatment.

    Economising Fertility in Temperate Rice through Green Manuring under Kashmir Valley Condition · 2015 · compared with RDF treatment

    No difference from an alternative

  4. positive
    Rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake were generally highest after Sesbania.

    Nitrogen contributed by grain legumes to rice grown in rotation on the Cununurra soils of the Ord Irrigation Area, Western Australia · 1987 · compared with wet season cereal crop

    Same direction

  5. positive
    Rice yield was higher with Sesbania sown at rice seeding than with 10-day delay or sole rice.

    Integrated weed management, a key to success for direct-seeded rice in the Indo-Gangetic Plains · 2009 · compared with 10 days after rice seeding and a sole rice crop

    Same direction

  6. positive
    The Sesbania-cowpea combination enhanced rice yield by 0.8 t ha−1.

    Biological N2 fixation and residual N benefit of pre-rice leguminous crops and green manures · 2000

    Same direction

  7. positive
    Wheat straw or Sesbania mulch gave significantly higher yields than no mulch in aerobic rice.

    Enhancing iron density and uptake in grain and straw of aerobic rice through mulching and rhizo-foliar fertilization of iron · 2013 · compared with no mulch aerobic rice treatment

    Same direction

  8. positive
    Sesbania green manure gave the highest rice yield.

    Organic Manures for Increased Productivity and Sustained Supply of Micronutrients Zn and Cu in a Rice-Wheat Cropping System · 2006

    Same direction

46 papers more in this group

See all 55 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

2,045 papers: 1,803 positive, 242 negative or no effect

1,802 papers in the same direction as this claim · 193 in the opposite direction · 49 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
    At 58 kg N/ha, replacing half with straw reduced yield except in 1986/87.

    Integrated management of straw and urea nitrogen in lowland rice under a rice-wheat rotation · 1991 · compared with 58 kg N/ha of PU or USG alone

    Opposite directionCites this paper

  2. positive
    The same N treatments increased the number of panicles per unit area and the weight per panicle.

    Effect of Integration of Fertilizer and Green Manure Nitrogen on Yield Attributes, Nitrogen Uptake and Yield of Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) · 1996

    Same directionCites this paper

  3. negative
    Green manure and rice straw nitrogen, alone or in combination with inorganic N, gave lower grain yield, agronomic efficiency and apparent nitrogen uptake than a standard split application of prilled urea.

    Long-term Comparison of the Agronomic Efficiency and Residual Benefits of Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen Sources for Tropical Lowland Rice · 1996 · compared with a standard split application of prilled urea

    Opposite direction

  4. negative
    Chaffy grain number and chaffy grain weight per 5 panicles increased significantly with enhancing nitrogen doses.

    Physiological response of rice (Oryza sativaL.) genotypes to elevated nitrogen applied under field conditions · 2014

    Opposite direction

  5. negative
    Excessive nitrogen yielded 2.68–6.31% less than appropriate nitrogen application.

    Excessive Nitrogen Application Leads to Lower Rice Yield and Grain Quality by Inhibiting the Grain Filling of Inferior Grains · 2022 · compared with appropriate nitrogen application (270 kg N ha−1)

    Opposite direction

  6. negative
    SCU reduced rice yield, though not significantly.

    Effects of different types of slow- and controlled-release fertilizers on rice yield · 2021

    Opposite direction

  7. negative
    Preflood urea applied 14 days early yielded lowest grain yield of rice.

    Ammonia Volatilization and Nitrogen Uptake for Conventional and Conservation Tilled Dry‐Seeded, Delayed‐Flood Rice · 2007

    Opposite direction

  8. no effect
    Applying 30 kg N ha−1 at each SPAD drop below 37.5 gave rice yields equivalent to 120 kg N ha−1 applied in three splits

    Chlorophyll Meter– and Leaf Color Chart–Based Nitrogen Management for Rice and Wheat in Northwestern India · 2002 · compared with 120 kg N ha−1 applied in three splits

    Opposite direction

2,036 papers more in this group

See all 2,045 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.