Paper · 1989 · The Journal of Agricultural Science

Integrated management of Sesbania, Azolla and urea nitrogen in lowland rice under a rice–wheat cropping system

B. S. Mahapatra; G. L. Sharma

7
claims
12
verbatim quotes
34
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

SUMMARY A two-year field experiment on a mollisol at Pantnagar showed that organic sources of N gave generally higher rice yields than the equivalent split dressing of prilled urea (PU). In 1985/86, Sesbania green manuring (40 kg N/ha) and PU (40 kg N/ha) and, in 1986/87, Sesbania (40 kg N/ha) + Azolla (40 kg N/ha) gave significantly higher yields than a split application of 80 kg N/ha as PU. Yield increases were attributed to significant variations in panicles/m 2 , filled spikelets/panicle and nitrogen uptake by the crop. These components, and grain yield, were significantly correlated with wet soil NH + 4 -N, which was increased by organic manuring. Wheat grown after each rice crop showed significant residual effects of the different sources of N applied to rice.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic N generally yielded more rice than equivalent split urea.

Treatment
organic sources of Ne0
Outcome
rice yieldse0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
equivalent split dressing of prilled urea (PU)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“organic sources of N gave generally higher rice yields than the equivalent split dressing of prilled urea (PU)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 75–185 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania green manuring plus urea in 1985/86 increased rice yield over split urea.

Treatment
Sesbania green manuring (40 kg N/ha) and PU (40 kg N/ha)e0
Outcome
yieldse0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
split application of 80 kg N/ha as PUe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In 1985/86, Sesbania green manuring (40 kg N/ha) and PU (40 kg N/ha) and, in 1986/87, Sesbania (40 kg N/ha) + Azolla (40 kg N/ha) gave significantly higher yields than a split application of 80 kg N/ha as PU”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 187–394 · show in text ↑
t0

“lowland rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–75 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania plus Azolla in 1986/87 increased rice yield over split urea.

Treatment
Sesbania (40 kg N/ha) + Azolla (40 kg N/ha)e0
Outcome
yieldse0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
split application of 80 kg N/ha as PUe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In 1985/86, Sesbania green manuring (40 kg N/ha) and PU (40 kg N/ha) and, in 1986/87, Sesbania (40 kg N/ha) + Azolla (40 kg N/ha) gave significantly higher yields than a split application of 80 kg N/ha as PU”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 187–394 · show in text ↑
t0

“lowland rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–75 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Panicle count, filled spikelets and nitrogen uptake varied significantly with yield increases.

Treatment
Yield increasese0
Outcome
panicles/m 2 , filled spikelets/panicle and nitrogen uptake by the crope0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Yield increases were attributed to significant variations in panicles/m 2 , filled spikelets/panicle and nitrogen uptake by the crop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 396–528 · show in text ↑
t0

“lowland rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–75 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Rice yield and components were significantly correlated with wet soil ammonium nitrogen.

Compound
NH + 4 -Ne0
Outcome
grain yielde0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“These components, and grain yield, were significantly correlated with wet soil NH + 4 -N, which was increased by organic manuring”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 530–659 · show in text ↑
t0

“lowland rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–75 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic manuring increased wet soil ammonium nitrogen.

Treatment
organic manuringe0
Outcome
wet soil NH + 4 -Ne0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“wet soil NH + 4 -N, which was increased by organic manuring”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 600–659 · show in text ↑
t0

“lowland rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–75 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Wheat showed significant residual effects of nitrogen sources applied to preceding rice.

Outcome
significant residual effectse0
Qualifier
different sources of N applied to ricee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Wheat grown after each rice crop showed significant residual effects of the different sources of N applied to rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 661–775 · show in text ↑

Azolla · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

47 papers: 43 positive, 4 negative or no effect

42 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

43 papers more in this group

See all 47 papers →

Sesbania · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

55 papers: 52 positive, 3 negative or no effect

51 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

51 papers more in this group

See all 55 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

2,045 papers: 1,803 positive, 242 negative or no effect

1,802 papers in the same direction as this paper · 193 in the opposite direction · 49 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. negative

2,041 papers more in this group

See all 2,045 papers →

fertilization · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

3,455 papers: 3,183 positive, 272 negative or no effect

3,182 papers in the same direction as this paper · 207 in the opposite direction · 65 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

3,451 papers more in this group

See all 3,455 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.