By organism › Green plants › Orchidaceae › Ophrys speculum

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Historical Ophrys speculum records were confirmed.

Taxon: Ophrys speculumOphrys speculume0
Outcome: confirmation of historical recordse0

Verbatim

e0
“The study also provides confirmation of historical records of Ophrys speculum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1002–1079

Title

New Reports of Orchidaceae Family in Southern Calabria (Italy): Distribution and Conservation

Valentina Lucia Astrid Laface; Luigi Torino Conservation 2025. doi:10.3390/conservation5040085

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The southernmost continental Italian stations for O. speculum were identified.

Taxon: O. speculumOphrys speculume0
Outcome: southernmost stationse0
Setting: continental Italye0

Verbatim

e0
“identifies the southernmost stations in continental Italy for both O. speculum and Orchis branciforti”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1084–1185

Title

New Reports of Orchidaceae Family in Southern Calabria (Italy): Distribution and Conservation

Valentina Lucia Astrid Laface; Luigi Torino Conservation 2025. doi:10.3390/conservation5040085

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

An osmophore is present at the apical margin of the labellum in Ophrys speculum flowers.

Taxon: Ophrys speculumOphrys speculumt0
Organ / stage: apical margin of the labellume1
Outcome: osmophore is presente1

Verbatim

t0
“Ophrys speculum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 52–67

e1
“an osmophore is present at the apical margin of the labellum in O. speculum flowers”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 968–1051

Title

Osmophore Structure and Labellum Micromorphology in Ophrys speculum (Orchidaceae): New Interpretations of Floral Features and Implications for a Specific Sexually Deceptive Pollination Interaction

Ana Francisco; Lia Ascensão Plants 2024. doi:10.3390/plants13101413

Other claims from this paper (2)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The labellum has a distinct basal field homologous to those in other Ophrys species.

Taxon: Ophrys speculumOphrys speculumt0
Organ / stage: labellume2
Outcome: distinct basal fielde2
Comparator: other Ophrys speciese2

Verbatim

t0
“Ophrys speculum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 52–67

e2
“the labellum features a distinct basal field homologous to those found in other Ophrys species”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1058–1152

Title

Osmophore Structure and Labellum Micromorphology in Ophrys speculum (Orchidaceae): New Interpretations of Floral Features and Implications for a Specific Sexually Deceptive Pollination Interaction

Ana Francisco; Lia Ascensão Plants 2024. doi:10.3390/plants13101413

Other claims from this paper (2)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The basal labellum region closely mimics the thorax and wings of the female wasp, a visual and tactile mimicry of the pollinating wasp.

Taxon: Ophrys speculumOphrys speculumt0
Organ / stage: basal labellum regione3
Interactor: Dasyscolia ciliataDasyscolia ciliatae1pollinator
Outcome: closely mimicse3

Verbatim

t0
“Ophrys speculum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 52–67

e1
“the male Dasyscolia ciliata wasp”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 242–274

e3
“the basal labellum region closely mimics the female wasp’s thorax and wings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1164–1239

Title

Osmophore Structure and Labellum Micromorphology in Ophrys speculum (Orchidaceae): New Interpretations of Floral Features and Implications for a Specific Sexually Deceptive Pollination Interaction

Ana Francisco; Lia Ascensão Plants 2024. doi:10.3390/plants13101413

Other claims from this paper (2)

Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

O. sphegodes and O. speculum semiochemicals are probably formed by elongation and decarbonylation reactions.

Taxon: O. sphegodes and O. speculumOphrys speculumOphrys sphegodese2
Outcome: formed biosyntheticallye2
Qualifier: elongation and decarbonylation reactionse2

Verbatim

t0
“Ophrys insectifera”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 100–118

e2
“We propose that all these currently identified Ophrys semiochemicals can be formed biosynthetically from the same activated carboxylic acid precursors, after a sequence of elongation and decarbonylation reactions in O. sphegodes and O. speculum, while in O. insectifera, possibly by decarbonylation without preceding elongation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1076–1403

Title

Identification of (Z)-8-Heptadecene and n-Pentadecane as Electrophysiologically Active Compounds in Ophrys insectifera and Its Argogorytes Pollinator

Björn Bohman; Alyssa M. Weinstein; Raimondas Mozuraitis; et al. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020. doi:10.3390/ijms21020620

Other claims from this paper (3)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ophrys speculum was recently found on Cape Kamenjak after prior lack of field confirmation.

Taxon: Ophrys speculum LinkOphrys speculumt0
Outcome: has recently been founde0
Setting: Cape (rt) Kamenjak, southern Istriae0

Verbatim

e0
“the species has not been confirmed in the field, but has recently been found on Cape (rt) Kamenjak, southern Istria”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 141–256

t0
“Ophrys speculum Link”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–31

Title

The orchid Ophrys speculum Link (Orchidaceae) in Croatia

Nina Vuković; Annalisa Tommasoni; Tancredi D'onofrio Acta Botanica Croatica 2013. doi:10.2478/v10184-012-0007-7

Other claims from this paper (1)

Observation A few orchid plants grew in garrigue vegetation.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A few orchid plants grew in garrigue vegetation.

Taxon: Ophrys speculum LinkOphrys speculumt0
Outcome: plants were growinge0
Setting: garrigue vegetation of Cisto-Ericetaliae0

Verbatim

e0
“Afew plants were growing within garrigue vegetation of Cisto-Ericetalia”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 258–329

t0
“Ophrys speculum Link”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–31

Title

The orchid Ophrys speculum Link (Orchidaceae) in Croatia

Nina Vuković; Annalisa Tommasoni; Tancredi D'onofrio Acta Botanica Croatica 2013. doi:10.2478/v10184-012-0007-7

Other claims from this paper (1)

Observation Ophrys speculum was recently found on Cape Kamenjak after prior lack of field confirmation.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The speculum has flat cells and a thick smooth cuticle unlike surrounding labellar epidermis.

Taxon: Ophrys speculumOphrys speculumt0
Organ / stage: speculume0
Outcome: flat-celled with a thick, smooth cuticlee0
Comparator: surrounding labellar epidermise0

Verbatim

e0
“The speculum contrasts with the surrounding labellar epidermis in being flat-celled with a thick, smooth cuticle.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 700–813

t0
“Ophrys speculum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 110–125

Title

The mirror crack'd: both pigment and structure contribute to the glossy blue appearance of the mirror orchid, Ophrys speculum

Silvia Vignolini; Matthew P. Davey; Richard M. Bateman; et al. New Phytologist 2012. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04356.x

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observation The speculum reflects intense white light specularly and predominantly blue and UV light at oblique angles.
Observation Speculum pigments are less diverse than in surrounding labellar epidermis.
Observation Cyanidin 3-(3''-malonylglucoside) dominates the speculum pigments.
Observation Speculum pigments lack quercetin copigments.
Observation The blue speculum colour was not structural or iridescent.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The speculum reflects intense white light specularly and predominantly blue and UV light at oblique angles.

Taxon: Ophrys speculumOphrys speculumt0
Organ / stage: speculume0
Outcome: reflecting intense white light in a specular direction, but at more oblique angles it predominantly reflects blue and UV lighte0

Verbatim

e0
“The speculum is extremely glossy, reflecting intense white light in a specular direction, but at more oblique angles it predominantly reflects blue and UV light.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 814–975

t0
“Ophrys speculum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 110–125

Title

The mirror crack'd: both pigment and structure contribute to the glossy blue appearance of the mirror orchid, Ophrys speculum

Silvia Vignolini; Matthew P. Davey; Richard M. Bateman; et al. New Phytologist 2012. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04356.x

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observation The speculum has flat cells and a thick smooth cuticle unlike surrounding labellar epidermis.
Observation Speculum pigments are less diverse than in surrounding labellar epidermis.
Observation Cyanidin 3-(3''-malonylglucoside) dominates the speculum pigments.
Observation Speculum pigments lack quercetin copigments.
Observation The blue speculum colour was not structural or iridescent.

Ophrys speculum 15 claims

15 claims