Abstract
Abstract An intensively prepared site in a high-rust hazard area was fertilized with municipal sewage sludge to provide 300 or 600 lb/ac total nitrogen before planting nursery-run and fusiform rust-resistant seedlings. Rust-resistant seedlings had significantly greater first-year survival andsignificantly lower rust infection at age 6. The sludge treatments increased 6-year diameter and volume growth and decreased rust infection significantly; there were no differences between the two sludge levels. Sludge fertilization significantly increased average height, diameter, and stemvolume of the largest 300 trees/ac and has begun to stimulate crown class differentiation. The greater growth of the larger trees did not alter the proportion infected by rust. Results indicate that even in areas of high-rust hazard, intensive site preparation and sludge fertilization canincrease early growth and accelerate stand development of loblolly pine if rust-resistant stock is planted. South J. Appl. For. 13(2):68-71.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Rust-resistant seedlings had higher first-year survival.
- Taxon
- Loblolly Pine
Pinus taedat0 - Material
- Rust-resistant seedlingse0
- Outcome
- first-year survivale0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rust-resistant seedlings had significantly greater first-year survival”
t0“Loblolly Pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Rust-resistant seedlings had lower rust infection at age six.
- Taxon
- Loblolly PinePinus taedat0
- Material
- Rust-resistant seedlingse0
- Outcome
- rust infectione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- at age 6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rust-resistant seedlings had significantly greater first-year survival andsignificantly lower rust infection at age 6”
t0“Loblolly Pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge increased six-year diameter and volume growth.
- Taxon
- Loblolly PinePinus taedat0
- Treatment
- sludge treatmentse0
- Outcome
- 6-year diameter and volume growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sludge treatments increased 6-year diameter and volume growth and decreased rust infection significantly; there were no differences between the two sludge levels”
t0“Loblolly Pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge decreased rust infection significantly.
- Taxon
- Loblolly PinePinus taedat0
- Treatment
- sludge treatmentse0
- Outcome
- rust infectione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sludge treatments increased 6-year diameter and volume growth and decreased rust infection significantly; there were no differences between the two sludge levels”
t0“Loblolly Pine”
Claim · model-written summary
The two sludge rates did not differ in reported outcomes.
- Taxon
- Loblolly PinePinus taedat0
- Outcome
- no differencese0
- Direction
- no differencese0
- Comparator
- two sludge levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were no differences between the two sludge levels”
t0“Loblolly Pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge increased height, diameter, and stem volume of the largest trees.
- Taxon
- Loblolly PinePinus taedat0
- Treatment
- Sludge fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- average height, diameter, and stemvolumee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- largest 300 trees/ace0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sludge fertilization significantly increased average height, diameter, and stemvolume of the largest 300 trees/ac”
t0“Loblolly Pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge began stimulating crown-class differentiation.
- Taxon
- Loblolly PinePinus taedat0
- Treatment
- Sludge fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- crown class differentiatione0
- Direction
- stimulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sludge fertilization significantly increased average height, diameter, and stemvolume of the largest 300 trees/ac and has begun to stimulate crown class differentiation”
t0“Loblolly Pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater growth of larger trees did not change the rust-infected proportion.
- Taxon
- Loblolly PinePinus taedat0
- Material
- larger treese0
- Outcome
- proportion infected by ruste0
- Direction
- did not altere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greater growth of the larger trees did not alter the proportion infected by rust”
t0“Loblolly Pine”
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fertilization · molecular: metabolites · Pinus taeda (loblolly pine)Results agree
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.