Abstract
Pomegranate air layers are generally raised on potting mixture consisting of soil, sand and FYM/vermicompost in the nursery. Increasing concern over the impact of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on the environment for raising disease- free vigorous planting materials necessitate the exploitation of renewable solar energy for disinfecting growth medium and at the same time its enrichment with respect to plant nutrients. Solarization of components in the potting mixture (soil: sand: farmyard manure, 1:1:1, soil: sand: vermicompost, 1:1:1 and soil: sand, 1:1) and their use in various combinations [soil (nonsolarized, NS):sand (nonsolarized, NS):FYM (nonsolarized, NS); soil (solarized, S):sand (solarized, S):FYM (solarized, S); soil (S):sand (S):FYM (NS); soil (NS):sand (NS):vermicompost (NS); soil (S):sand (S):vermicompost (S); soil (S):sand (S):vermicompost (NS); soil (NS):sand (NS); soil (S):sand (S)] was evaluated for production of vigorous air- layer planting materials of pomegranate. Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand media significantly increased available nutrient status (particularly P and K), alkaline and acid phosphatase activity and plant growth and vigour as indicated by chlorophyll content (SPAD value), photosynthetic and transpiration rate. Weed population also got reduced significantly. On the contrary, mixing of vermicompost to solarized soil-sand media did not result in any positive impact on plant growth over non-solarized and solarized soil-sand-vermicompost mixtures. With only soil-sand as potting media, non-solarized media recorded higher plant growth, nutrient availability (P and K) and enzyme activity (alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase) over solarized one but reduction in dehydrogenase activity and weed population were noted upon solarization of the said medium.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure added to solarized soil-sand medium significantly increased available nutrient status (particularly P and K).
- Taxon
- pomegranate
Punica granatumt0 - Treatment
- Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand mediae0
- Outcome
- available nutrient status (particularly P and K)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand media significantly increased available nutrient status (particularly P and K), alkaline and acid phosphatase activity and plant growth and vigour as indicated by chlorophyll content (SPAD value), photosynthetic and transpiration rate. Weed population also got reduced significantly.”
t0“pomegranate (Punica granatum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure added to solarized soil-sand medium significantly increased alkaline and acid phosphatase activity.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand mediae0
- Outcome
- alkaline and acid phosphatase activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand media significantly increased available nutrient status (particularly P and K), alkaline and acid phosphatase activity and plant growth and vigour as indicated by chlorophyll content (SPAD value), photosynthetic and transpiration rate. Weed population also got reduced significantly.”
t0“pomegranate (Punica granatum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure added to solarized soil-sand medium significantly increased plant growth and vigour.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand mediae0
- Outcome
- plant growth and vigoure0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand media significantly increased available nutrient status (particularly P and K), alkaline and acid phosphatase activity and plant growth and vigour as indicated by chlorophyll content (SPAD value), photosynthetic and transpiration rate. Weed population also got reduced significantly.”
t0“pomegranate (Punica granatum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure added to solarized soil-sand medium significantly increased chlorophyll content (SPAD value).
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand mediae0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content (SPAD value)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand media significantly increased available nutrient status (particularly P and K), alkaline and acid phosphatase activity and plant growth and vigour as indicated by chlorophyll content (SPAD value), photosynthetic and transpiration rate. Weed population also got reduced significantly.”
t0“pomegranate (Punica granatum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure added to solarized soil-sand medium significantly increased photosynthetic and transpiration rate.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand mediae0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic and transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand media significantly increased available nutrient status (particularly P and K), alkaline and acid phosphatase activity and plant growth and vigour as indicated by chlorophyll content (SPAD value), photosynthetic and transpiration rate. Weed population also got reduced significantly.”
t0“pomegranate (Punica granatum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed population was significantly reduced under the farmyard manure and solarized soil-sand treatment.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand mediae0
- Outcome
- Weed populatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mixing of farmyard manure to solarized soil-sand media significantly increased available nutrient status (particularly P and K), alkaline and acid phosphatase activity and plant growth and vigour as indicated by chlorophyll content (SPAD value), photosynthetic and transpiration rate. Weed population also got reduced significantly.”
t0“pomegranate (Punica granatum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost added to solarized soil-sand medium gave no positive plant growth impact relative to the named mixtures.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- mixing of vermicompost to solarized soil-sand mediae0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- did not result in any positive impacte0
- Comparator
- non-solarized and solarized soil-sand-vermicompost mixturese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mixing of vermicompost to solarized soil-sand media did not result in any positive impact on plant growth over non-solarized and solarized soil-sand-vermicompost mixtures.”
t0“pomegranate (Punica granatum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-solarized soil-sand medium had higher plant growth than solarized medium.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- non-solarized mediae0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- solarized onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With only soil-sand as potting media, non-solarized media recorded higher plant growth, nutrient availability (P and K) and enzyme activity (alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase) over solarized one but reduction in dehydrogenase activity and weed population were noted upon solarization of the said medium.”
t0“pomegranate (Punica granatum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-solarized soil-sand medium had higher nutrient availability (P and K) than solarized medium.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- non-solarized mediae0
- Outcome
- nutrient availability (P and K)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- solarized onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With only soil-sand as potting media, non-solarized media recorded higher plant growth, nutrient availability (P and K) and enzyme activity (alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase) over solarized one but reduction in dehydrogenase activity and weed population were noted upon solarization of the said medium.”
t0“pomegranate (Punica granatum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-solarized soil-sand medium had higher enzyme activity (alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase) than solarized medium.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- non-solarized mediae0
- Outcome
- enzyme activity (alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- solarized onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With only soil-sand as potting media, non-solarized media recorded higher plant growth, nutrient availability (P and K) and enzyme activity (alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase) over solarized one but reduction in dehydrogenase activity and weed population were noted upon solarization of the said medium.”
t0“pomegranate (Punica granatum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Solarizing soil-sand medium reduced dehydrogenase activity.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- solarization of the said mediume0
- Outcome
- dehydrogenase activitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- non-solarized mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With only soil-sand as potting media, non-solarized media recorded higher plant growth, nutrient availability (P and K) and enzyme activity (alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase) over solarized one but reduction in dehydrogenase activity and weed population were noted upon solarization of the said medium.”
t0“pomegranate (Punica granatum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Solarizing soil-sand medium reduced weed population.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- solarization of the said mediume0
- Outcome
- weed populatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- non-solarized mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With only soil-sand as potting media, non-solarized media recorded higher plant growth, nutrient availability (P and K) and enzyme activity (alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase) over solarized one but reduction in dehydrogenase activity and weed population were noted upon solarization of the said medium.”
t0“pomegranate (Punica granatum)”
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