Abstract
Abstract Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions to investigate the effects of different nitrogen (N) levels (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha− 1) on plant growth, water use efficiency, fruit yield and quality (weight, sizes, and water-soluble dry matter), leaf relative water content, and macro nutrition under three different irrigation regimes. Irrigation was applied based on cumulative class A pan evaporation (Ep). Plant treatments were as follows: (1) well-watered treatment (C) received 100% replenishment of Ep on a daily basis, (2) water-stressed treatment (WS) received 75% replenishment of Ep at three-day intervals, and (3) severely water-stressed (SWS): treatment received 50% replenishment of Ep at six- day intervals. Plants grown under C at 120 kg N ha− 1 produced significantly higher biomass (175.6 g plant− 1), fruit yield (36.05 t ha− 1), fruit weight (2.25 kg fruit− 1), and leaf relative water content (93.5%) under increasing N levels than did the two deficit irrigation treatments. The WS or SWS treatments caused reductions in all parameters measured except water-soluble dry matter (SDM) concentrations in fruits compared with those receiving unstressed (C) treatment. The WS irrigation regime with 80 kg ha− 1 N significantly improved the fruit yield and size, plant dry matter, leaf area, and IWUE compared with the SWS regime. Increased N significantly enhanced foliar N in the unstressed plants. Increasing N rate in the SWS treatment did not increase fruit yield with the same trend found in the WS and C treatments with increasing N levels. The yield reduction under severe water shortage was much more severe at high N rates. Water use (ET) at the C treatment at 120 kg ha− 1 N ranged between 160 and 165 cm, while SWS reduced ET to 90 cm at 0 and 40 kg ha− 1 N. Nitrogen supply modified water use at C and WS irrigation regimes. Muskmelon yield response to N rate was quadratic and differed with the level of irrigation. This moderate water deficit (SW) may be an alternative irrigation choice with a suitable N application rate for muskmelon growers in arid and semi-arid regions if the goal is to irrigate an agricultural area with limited water supply for more growers, but not if it is maximizing economic yield. Growers should accept a significant yield reduction in exchange for water conservation.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
At 120 kg N ha-1 under well-watered irrigation, muskmelon biomass was significantly higher than under the two deficit irrigation treatments.
- Taxon
- Cucumis melo
.jpg?width=60)
Cucumis meloe0 - Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- 120 kg N ha− 1e1
- Outcome
- biomasse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 175.6 g plant− 1e1
- Comparator
- deficit irrigation treatmentse1
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e1“Plants grown under C at 120 kg N ha− 1 produced significantly higher biomass (175.6 g plant− 1), fruit yield (36.05 t ha− 1), fruit weight (2.25 kg fruit− 1), and leaf relative water content (93.5%) under increasing N levels than did the two deficit irrigation treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
At 120 kg N ha-1 under well-watered irrigation, fruit yield was higher than under the two deficit irrigation treatments.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- 120 kg N ha− 1e1
- Outcome
- fruit yielde1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 36.05 t ha− 1e1
- Comparator
- deficit irrigation treatmentse1
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e1“Plants grown under C at 120 kg N ha− 1 produced significantly higher biomass (175.6 g plant− 1), fruit yield (36.05 t ha− 1), fruit weight (2.25 kg fruit− 1), and leaf relative water content (93.5%) under increasing N levels than did the two deficit irrigation treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
At 120 kg N ha-1 under well-watered irrigation, fruit weight was higher than under the two deficit irrigation treatments.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- 120 kg N ha− 1e1
- Outcome
- fruit weighte1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 2.25 kg fruit− 1e1
- Comparator
- deficit irrigation treatmentse1
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e1“Plants grown under C at 120 kg N ha− 1 produced significantly higher biomass (175.6 g plant− 1), fruit yield (36.05 t ha− 1), fruit weight (2.25 kg fruit− 1), and leaf relative water content (93.5%) under increasing N levels than did the two deficit irrigation treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
At 120 kg N ha-1 under well-watered irrigation, leaf relative water content was higher than under the two deficit irrigation treatments.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- 120 kg N ha− 1e1
- Outcome
- leaf relative water contente1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 93.5%e1
- Comparator
- deficit irrigation treatmentse1
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e1“Plants grown under C at 120 kg N ha− 1 produced significantly higher biomass (175.6 g plant− 1), fruit yield (36.05 t ha− 1), fruit weight (2.25 kg fruit− 1), and leaf relative water content (93.5%) under increasing N levels than did the two deficit irrigation treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The WS and SWS irrigation treatments reduced all measured parameters except fruit soluble dry matter concentration, compared with unstressed irrigation.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- WS or SWS treatmentse2
- Outcome
- all parameters measured except water-soluble dry matter (SDM) concentrations in fruitse2
- Direction
- reductionse2
- Comparator
- unstressed (C) treatmente2
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e2“The WS or SWS treatments caused reductions in all parameters measured except water-soluble dry matter (SDM) concentrations in fruits compared with those receiving unstressed (C) treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The WS irrigation regime with 80 kg N ha-1 significantly improved fruit yield and fruit size compared with the SWS regime.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- WS irrigation regime with 80 kg ha− 1 Ne3
- Outcome
- fruit yield and sizee3
- Direction
- improvede3
- Comparator
- SWS regimee3
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e3“The WS irrigation regime with 80 kg ha− 1 N significantly improved the fruit yield and size, plant dry matter, leaf area, and IWUE compared with the SWS regime”
Claim · model-written summary
The WS irrigation regime with 80 kg N ha-1 significantly improved plant dry matter, leaf area and IWUE compared with the SWS regime.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- WS irrigation regime with 80 kg ha− 1 Ne3
- Outcome
- plant dry matter, leaf area, and IWUEe3
- Direction
- improvede3
- Comparator
- SWS regimee3
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e3“The WS irrigation regime with 80 kg ha− 1 N significantly improved the fruit yield and size, plant dry matter, leaf area, and IWUE compared with the SWS regime”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased N significantly enhanced foliar N in unstressed muskmelon plants.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- Increased Ne4
- Outcome
- foliar Ne4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Qualifier
- in the unstressed plantse4
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e4“Increased N significantly enhanced foliar N in the unstressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing N rate in the SWS treatment did not increase fruit yield, unlike the WS and C treatments.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- Increasing N rate in the SWS treatmente5
- Outcome
- fruit yielde5
- Direction
- did not increasee5
- Comparator
- WS and C treatmentse5
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e5“Increasing N rate in the SWS treatment did not increase fruit yield with the same trend found in the WS and C treatments with increasing N levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield reduction under severe water shortage was much more severe at high N rates.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- severe water shortagee6
- Outcome
- yield reductione6
- Direction
- much more severee6
- Qualifier
- at high N ratese6
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e6“The yield reduction under severe water shortage was much more severe at high N rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Water use (ET) at the C treatment with 120 kg N ha-1 ranged between 160 and 165 cm.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- C treatment at 120 kg ha− 1 Ne7
- Outcome
- Water use (ET)e7
- Value
- 160 and 165 cme7
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e7“Water use (ET) at the C treatment at 120 kg ha− 1 N ranged between 160 and 165 cm, while SWS reduced ET to 90 cm at 0 and 40 kg ha− 1 N”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe water shortage (SWS) reduced water use (ET) to 90 cm at 0 and 40 kg N ha-1, compared with the C treatment at 120 kg N ha-1.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- SWSe7
- Outcome
- Water use (ET)e7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Value
- 90 cme7
- Comparator
- C treatment at 120 kg ha− 1 Ne7
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e7“Water use (ET) at the C treatment at 120 kg ha− 1 N ranged between 160 and 165 cm, while SWS reduced ET to 90 cm at 0 and 40 kg ha− 1 N”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen supply modified water use under the C and WS irrigation regimes.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen supplye2
- Outcome
- water usee2
- Qualifier
- at C and WS irrigation regimese2
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e2“Nitrogen supply modified water use at C and WS irrigation regimes”
Claim · model-written summary
Muskmelon yield response to N rate was quadratic and differed with the level of irrigation.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Material
- Polidore0
- Treatment
- N ratee2
- Outcome
- yield response to N ratee2
- Qualifier
- quadratic and differed with the level of irrigatione2
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e2“Muskmelon yield response to N rate was quadratic and differed with the level of irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
A moderate water deficit (SW) with a suitable N rate may be an alternative irrigation choice for muskmelon growers in arid and semi-arid regions, if the goal is to irrigate more growers with limited water, but not if the goal is maximizing economic yield.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Treatment
- moderate water deficit (SW)e2
- Outcome
- alternative irrigation choicee2
- Qualifier
- but not if it is maximizing economic yielde2
- Setting
- arid and semi-arid regionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e2“This moderate water deficit (SW) may be an alternative irrigation choice with a suitable N application rate for muskmelon growers in arid and semi-arid regions if the goal is to irrigate an agricultural area with limited water supply for more growers, but not if it is maximizing economic yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Growers should accept a significant yield reduction in exchange for water conservation.
- Taxon
- Cucumis meloCucumis meloe0
- Outcome
- accept a significant yield reductione2
- Qualifier
- in exchange for water conservatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Polidor’) were grown under field conditions”
e2“Growers should accept a significant yield reduction in exchange for water conservation”
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