Abstract
Protoplasts derived from cell suspensions of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) responded to treatment with fungal elicitor (FE) by an increase in endogenous chalcone synthase (CHS) activity but were unresponsive to reduced glutathione (GSH). Preexposure of protoplasts to polyethylene glycol and electroporation resulted in strong responsiveness to GSH but little change in responsiveness to FE. Protoplasts from suspension cultures which had been subcultured more than 12 times lost responsiveness to GSH, but not FE, as assessed by measuring expression of a chimeric gene containing a bean CHS promoter linked to a bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene. In protoplasts in which putative cis-acting CHS promoter sequences had been coelectroporated in trans with the intact CHS promoter-CAT construct, the extent of CAT expression depended upon the elicitor used (FE or GSH), the age (number of times subcultured) of the cells from which the protoplasts were isolated, and the nature of the coelectroporated CHS promoter sequence. For example, a region of the CHS promoter from -326 to -141 behaved as a trans-activator when coelectroporated with the CAT construct into unelicited protoplasts isolated from newly initiated cell suspensions, but the same region acted as a trans-silencer in the same protoplasts in the presence of FE. This silencer activity was much reduced in GSH-treated protoplasts. The results suggest that there are differences in the signal transduction pathways for elicitation of CHS transcription by FE and GSH, which involve previously indentified cis-elements in the CHS promoter.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal elicitor increased endogenous CHS activity in alfalfa protoplasts.
- Taxon
- alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Medicago sativae0 - Treatment
- fungal elicitor (FE)e0
- Gene
- chalcone synthase (CHS)e0
- Outcome
- endogenous chalcone synthase (CHS) activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protoplasts derived from cell suspensions of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) responded to treatment with fungal elicitor (FE) by an increase in endogenous chalcone synthase (CHS) activity but were unresponsive to reduced glutathione (GSH).”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced glutathione did not elicit endogenous CHS activity in untreated protoplasts.
- Taxon
- alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)Medicago sativae0
- Treatment
- reduced glutathione (GSH)e0
- Outcome
- chalcone synthase (CHS) activitye0
- Direction
- unresponsivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protoplasts derived from cell suspensions of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) responded to treatment with fungal elicitor (FE) by an increase in endogenous chalcone synthase (CHS) activity but were unresponsive to reduced glutathione (GSH).”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyethylene glycol preexposure and electroporation induced strong GSH responsiveness.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- polyethylene glycol and electroporatione0
- Outcome
- responsiveness to GSHe0
- Direction
- stronge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Preexposure of protoplasts to polyethylene glycol and electroporation resulted in strong responsiveness to GSH but little change in responsiveness to FE.”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyethylene glycol preexposure and electroporation caused little change in FE responsiveness.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- polyethylene glycol and electroporatione0
- Outcome
- responsiveness to FEe0
- Direction
- little changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Preexposure of protoplasts to polyethylene glycol and electroporation resulted in strong responsiveness to GSH but little change in responsiveness to FE.”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
After more than 12 subcultures, protoplasts lost GSH responsiveness measured by reporter expression.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- responsiveness to GSHe0
- Direction
- loste0
- Qualifier
- more than 12 timese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protoplasts from suspension cultures which had been subcultured more than 12 times lost responsiveness to GSH, but not FE, as assessed by measuring expression of a chimeric gene containing a bean CHS promoter linked to a bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene.”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
After more than 12 subcultures, protoplasts retained FE responsiveness.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- responsiveness to GSH, but not FEe0
- Qualifier
- more than 12 timese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protoplasts from suspension cultures which had been subcultured more than 12 times lost responsiveness to GSH, but not FE, as assessed by measuring expression of a chimeric gene containing a bean CHS promoter linked to a bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene.”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
CAT expression depended on elicitor, subculture age, and coelectroporated CHS promoter sequence.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Gene
- CHS promoter sequencee0
- Outcome
- CAT expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the extent of CAT expression depended upon the elicitor used (FE or GSH), the age (number of times subcultured) of the cells from which the protoplasts were isolated, and the nature of the coelectroporated CHS promoter sequence.”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
The CHS promoter region -326 to -141 acted as a trans-activator in unelicited protoplasts from new suspensions.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Gene
- CHS promotere0
- Outcome
- behaved as a trans-activatore0
- Qualifier
- unelicited protoplasts isolated from newly initiated cell suspensionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a region of the CHS promoter from -326 to -141 behaved as a trans-activator when coelectroporated with the CAT construct into unelicited protoplasts isolated from newly initiated cell suspensions”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
The same CHS region acted as a trans-silencer under fungal elicitor.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- acted as a trans-silencere0
- Qualifier
- in the presence of FEe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the same region acted as a trans-silencer in the same protoplasts in the presence of FE.”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
GSH treatment much reduced that silencer activity.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- GSH-treatede0
- Outcome
- silencer activitye0
- Direction
- much reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This silencer activity was much reduced in GSH-treated protoplasts.”
t0“Alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer distinct signal transduction pathways for FE and GSH elicitation of CHS transcription.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Gene
- CHSe0
- Outcome
- CHS transcriptione0
- Qualifier
- differences in the signal transduction pathwayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results suggest that there are differences in the signal transduction pathways for elicitation of CHS transcription by FE and GSH, which involve previously indentified cis-elements in the CHS promoter.”
t0“Alfalfa”
The same questions in other papers
glutathione · molecular: metabolites · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
resistance inducer · molecular: metabolites · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.