Abstract
SUMMARY CCC (2‐chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride) decreased growth of primary leaves and stem internodes above the hypocotyl of dwarf French bean, probably because it decreased the amount of auxin produced by interaction between tryptophan and phenolic esters in the primary leaves. Growth of leaves was less affected than that of stems, and the gibberellin content of the primary leaves, previously shown to be associated with their expansion, was unaffected by CCC. CCC delayed death of the primary leaves, the breakdown of chlorophyll, and the increase in auxin associated with death of bean leaves. CCC had less effect on the growth of leaf discs, probably because they are not sites of growth‐substance production. Glycine betaine, a quaternary ammonium compound similar to CCC, did not affect growth of bean plants, their metabolism of growth substances or the longevity of their primary leaves, but inhibited growth of leaf discs, probably directly.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
CCC decreased primary leaf and stem internode growth in dwarf French bean.
- Taxon
- dwarf French bean
Phaseolus vulgarise0 - Treatment
- CCCe0
- Outcome
- growth of primary leaves and stem internodese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CCC (2‐chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride) decreased growth of primary leaves and stem internodes above the hypocotyl of dwarf French bean”
Claim · model-written summary
CCC probably reduced bean growth by decreasing auxin production through tryptophan–phenolic ester interaction in primary leaves.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- CCCt1
- Compound
- tryptophan and phenolic esterse0
- Outcome
- amount of auxine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- probablye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“probably because it decreased the amount of auxin produced by interaction between tryptophan and phenolic esters in the primary leaves”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
t1“CCC”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf growth was less affected than stem growth by CCC.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- CCCt1
- Outcome
- Growth of leavese0
- Direction
- less affectede0
- Comparator
- stemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth of leaves was less affected than that of stems”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
t1“CCC”
Claim · model-written summary
CCC did not change primary leaf gibberellin content.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- CCCe0
- Outcome
- gibberellin contente0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the gibberellin content of the primary leaves, previously shown to be associated with their expansion, was unaffected by CCC”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
CCC delayed primary leaf death, chlorophyll breakdown and the death-associated auxin increase.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Treatment
- CCCe0
- Outcome
- death of the primary leaves, the breakdown of chlorophyll, and the increase in auxine0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“CCC delayed death of the primary leaves, the breakdown of chlorophyll, and the increase in auxin associated with death of bean leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
CCC had less effect on leaf disc growth, probably because discs do not produce growth substances.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- CCCe0
- Outcome
- growth of leaf discse0
- Direction
- less effecte0
- Qualifier
- probably because they are not sites of growth‐substance productione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CCC had less effect on the growth of leaf discs, probably because they are not sites of growth‐substance production”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycine betaine did not affect bean plant growth, growth substance metabolism or primary leaf longevity.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Treatment
- Glycine betainee0
- Outcome
- growth of bean plants, their metabolism of growth substances or the longevity of their primary leavese0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Glycine betaine, a quaternary ammonium compound similar to CCC, did not affect growth of bean plants, their metabolism of growth substances or the longevity of their primary leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycine betaine inhibited leaf disc growth, probably directly.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- glycine betainet1
- Outcome
- growth of leaf discse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- probably directlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but inhibited growth of leaf discs, probably directly”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
t1“glycine betaine”
The same questions in other papers
glycine betaine · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →chlormequat chloride · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
chlormequat chloride · molecular: metabolites · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
chlormequat chloride · physiology: pigments · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.