Abstract
Abstract Senescence of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) leaves is accelerated by high temperature during the critical grain filling period. Loss of leaf viability decreases grain yields and the response to production inputs. Studies were conducted under controlled conditions to identify treatments that might delay the rapid senescence induced by high temperature. Shoots of 30‐d‐old seedlings of ‘Nesma’ wheat were immersed in 0.1 m M solutions of kinetin, abscisic acid, or one of six mineral salts [0.1 m M Ca(NO 3 ) 2 , NaH 2 PO 4 , K 2 SO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 , KNO 3 , or NH 4 H 2 PO 4 ] and incubated at 20 and 30°C with continuous irradiance of 150 μmol m −2 s −1 . Chlorophyll and free amino acid concentrations and crude protease enzyme activity were monitored over an 8‐d period as measures of shoot senescence. High temperature and abscisic acid generally increased all senescence processes, whereas kinetin and several mineral salts reduced the loss of chlorophyll and slowed the increases in amino acid concentration and protease activity compared with amounts in shoots incubated in distilled water. Mineral salts that contained N or P were usually most effective, particularly in countering rapid senescence at 30°C relative to 20°C. We conclude that senescence processes induced by high temperatures in detached shoots resemble those in whole plants and that the feasibility of delaying senescence by foliar application of selected compounds under field conditions merits investigation.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature generally increased shoot senescence processes.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- High temperaturee0
- Outcome
- senescence processese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperature and abscisic acid generally increased all senescence processes”
t0“Wheat Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid generally increased shoot senescence processes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- abscisic acide0
- Outcome
- senescence processese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperature and abscisic acid generally increased all senescence processes”
t0“Wheat Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Kinetin reduced chlorophyll loss relative to distilled water.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- kinetine0
- Outcome
- loss of chlorophylle0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- distilled watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kinetin and several mineral salts reduced the loss of chlorophyll and slowed the increases in amino acid concentration and protease activity compared with amounts in shoots incubated in distilled water”
t0“Wheat Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Several mineral salts reduced chlorophyll loss relative to distilled water.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- several mineral saltse0
- Outcome
- loss of chlorophylle0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- distilled watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kinetin and several mineral salts reduced the loss of chlorophyll and slowed the increases in amino acid concentration and protease activity compared with amounts in shoots incubated in distilled water”
t0“Wheat Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Kinetin slowed the increase in amino acid concentration.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- kinetine0
- Outcome
- amino acid concentratione0
- Direction
- slowed the increasese0
- Comparator
- distilled watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kinetin and several mineral salts reduced the loss of chlorophyll and slowed the increases in amino acid concentration and protease activity compared with amounts in shoots incubated in distilled water”
t0“Wheat Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral salts slowed the increase in amino acid concentration.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- several mineral saltse0
- Outcome
- amino acid concentratione0
- Direction
- slowed the increasese0
- Comparator
- distilled watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kinetin and several mineral salts reduced the loss of chlorophyll and slowed the increases in amino acid concentration and protease activity compared with amounts in shoots incubated in distilled water”
t0“Wheat Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Kinetin slowed the increase in protease activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- kinetine0
- Outcome
- protease activitye0
- Direction
- slowed the increasese0
- Comparator
- distilled watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kinetin and several mineral salts reduced the loss of chlorophyll and slowed the increases in amino acid concentration and protease activity compared with amounts in shoots incubated in distilled water”
t0“Wheat Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral salts slowed the increase in protease activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- several mineral saltse0
- Outcome
- protease activitye0
- Direction
- slowed the increasese0
- Comparator
- distilled watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“kinetin and several mineral salts reduced the loss of chlorophyll and slowed the increases in amino acid concentration and protease activity compared with amounts in shoots incubated in distilled water”
t0“Wheat Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
N- or P-containing mineral salts were usually most effective, especially at 30°C.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Mineral salts that contained N or Pe0
- Outcome
- countering rapid senescencee0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
- Qualifier
- at 30°Ce0
- Comparator
- 20°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mineral salts that contained N or P were usually most effective, particularly in countering rapid senescence at 30°C relative to 20°C”
t0“Wheat Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors conclude detached-shoot heat senescence resembles whole-plant senescence.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- senescence processese0
- Direction
- resemblee0
- Comparator
- whole plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“senescence processes induced by high temperatures in detached shoots resemble those in whole plants”
t0“Wheat Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend investigation of foliar compounds to delay field senescence.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- foliar application of selected compounds under field conditions merits investigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the feasibility of delaying senescence by foliar application of selected compounds under field conditions merits investigation”
t0“Wheat Leaves”
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