Abstract
Abstract Grain deficits frequently occur in the Southeastern Atlantic Coastal Plain because erratic rainfall patterns and soil properties often limit corn (Zea mays L.) yields, however, harvesting corn for silage may enable farmers to produce a second grain crop during the same calendar year. Effects of row spacing, plant population, and fertilizer program on yield, quality, and mineral concentrations of corn silage grown with irrigation on Typic Paleudult soils were therefore investigated. Two plant population treatments which averaged 7.0 and 10.1 plants m‐2 were evaluated with two fertilizer programs that differed in N, N and K, and N, P, and K in 1980, 1981, and 1982, respectively. Each plant density by fertilizer combination was evaluated in single rows spaced 96 cm apart and in twin rows which approximately doubled the intrarow plant spacing. Plot size for the 2×2×2 factorial experiment ranged from 30 to 44 m2. Yield, quality, and mineral concentrations of corn silage grown in single rows spaced 96 or 75 cm apart and twin rows were also evaluated in large (185 m2) plots under center pivot irrigation during 1981 and 1982. Dry matter yields of 22 to 26 Mg ha‐1 were achieved with plant densities of 6.7 to 13.5 plants m‐2 at both experimental sites. Highest silage yields were produced with stand densities of 9 m or more planted in single 75 cm or twin rows, but yield differences were statistically significant at P(0.05) in only two of five site years. Increasing total N‐P‐K application beyond 200–30–167 kg ha”; increased crude protein slightly in 1980 and significantly in 1981 and 1982. Concentrations of Mn and Zn in silage were increased by higher fertilization, presumably because nitrification reduced surface soil pH and increased their availability. Dry matter yield, fiber, energy, and other mineral nutrients were not significantly influenced by fertilizer program. These experiments identified management practices for the Atlantic Coastal Plain which resulted in corn silage yields equal to those produced in the cooler mountain region of Georgia and that exceeded current average production in South Carolina by approximately 40% without reducing apparent feed quality.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigated corn silage yielded 22 to 26 Mg ha‐1 at plant densities of 6.7 to 13.5 plants m‐2 at both sites.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Outcome
- Dry matter yieldse0
- Value
- 22 to 26 Mg ha‐1e0
- Qualifier
- plant densities of 6.7 to 13.5 plants m‐2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry matter yields of 22 to 26 Mg ha‐1 were achieved with plant densities of 6.7 to 13.5 plants m‐2 at both experimental sites.”
t0“corn silage”
Claim · model-written summary
Stand densities of at least 9 in single 75 cm or twin rows gave the highest silage yields, with significant differences in only two of five site years.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- stand densities of 9 m or more planted in single 75 cm or twin rowse0
- Outcome
- silage yieldse0
- Direction
- Higheste0
- Qualifier
- only two of five site yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest silage yields were produced with stand densities of 9 m or more planted in single 75 cm or twin rows, but yield differences were statistically significant at P(0.05) in only two of five site years.”
t0“corn silage”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing N-P-K beyond 200–30–167 kg ha”; slightly increased crude protein in 1980.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- total N‐P‐K application beyond 200–30–167 kg ha”e0
- Outcome
- crude proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- slightly in 1980e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing total N‐P‐K application beyond 200–30–167 kg ha”; increased crude protein slightly in 1980 and significantly in 1981 and 1982.”
t0“corn silage”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing N-P-K beyond 200–30–167 kg ha”; significantly increased crude protein in 1981 and 1982.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- total N‐P‐K application beyond 200–30–167 kg ha”e0
- Outcome
- crude proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- significantly in 1981 and 1982e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing total N‐P‐K application beyond 200–30–167 kg ha”; increased crude protein slightly in 1980 and significantly in 1981 and 1982.”
t0“corn silage”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher fertilization increased Mn and Zn concentrations in corn silage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- higher fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Concentrations of Mn and Zn in silagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of Mn and Zn in silage were increased by higher fertilization”
t0“corn silage”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed increased Mn and Zn in silage to nitrification lowering surface soil pH and increasing availability.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- higher fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Concentrations of Mn and Zn in silagee0
- Qualifier
- presumably because nitrification reduced surface soil pH and increased their availabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of Mn and Zn in silage were increased by higher fertilization, presumably because nitrification reduced surface soil pH and increased their availability.”
t0“corn silage”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer program did not significantly influence dry matter yield, fiber, energy or other mineral nutrients.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- fertilizer programe0
- Outcome
- Dry matter yield, fiber, energy, and other mineral nutrientse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry matter yield, fiber, energy, and other mineral nutrients were not significantly influenced by fertilizer program.”
t0“corn silage”
Claim · model-written summary
The identified management practices gave corn silage yields equal to those in the cooler Georgia mountain region.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- corn silage yieldse0
- Direction
- equal toe0
- Comparator
- those produced in the cooler mountain region of Georgiae0
- Setting
- Atlantic Coastal Plaine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“management practices for the Atlantic Coastal Plain which resulted in corn silage yields equal to those produced in the cooler mountain region of Georgia”
t0“corn silage”
Claim · model-written summary
The management practices exceeded average South Carolina corn silage production by approximately 40%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- current average productione0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- approximately 40%e0
- Setting
- South Carolinae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exceeded current average production in South Carolina by approximately 40%”
t0“corn silage”
Claim · model-written summary
Those yields were achieved without reducing apparent feed quality.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- apparent feed qualitye0
- Direction
- without reducinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“without reducing apparent feed quality”
t0“corn silage”
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