Abstract
The photoregulation of chloroplast development in pea leaves has been studied by reference to three polypeptides and their mRNAs. The polypeptides were the large subunit (LSU) and the small subunit (SSU) of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RUBISCO), and the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein (LHCP). The polypeptides were assayed by a sensitive radioimmune assay, and the mRNAs were assayed by hybridization to cloned DNA probes. LSU, LSU mRNA, and LHCP mRNA were detectable in etiolated seedlings but LHCP, SSU, and SSU mRNA were at or below the limit of detection. During the first 48 hr of de-etiolation under continuous white light, the mRNAs for LSU, SSU, and LHCP increased in concentration per apical bud by about 40-fold, at least 200-fold, and about 25-fold, respectively, while the total RNA content per apical bud increased only 3.5-fold. In the same period, the LSU, SSU, and LHCP contents per bud increased at least 60-, 100-, and 200-fold, respectively. The LHCP increased steadily in concentration during de-etiolation, whereas the accumulation LSU, SSU, and SSU mRNA showed a 24-hr lag. The accumulation of SSU, SSU mRNA, and LHCP mRNA showed classical red/far-red reversibility, indicating the involvement of phytochrome in the regulatory mechanism. LSU and LSU mRNA were induced equally well by red and far-red light. The LHCP failed to accumulate except under continuous illumination. These results indicate that the accumulation of SSU is controlled largely through the steady-state level of its mRNA, which is in turn almost totally dependent on light as an inducer and on phytochrome as one of the photoreceptors. The accumulation of LSU is largely but not totally determined by the level of its mRNA, which appears to be under strong photoregulation, which has yet to be shown to involve phytochrome. Phytochrome is involved in the regulation of LHCP mRNA levels but substantial levels of the mRNA also occur in the dark. LHCP accumulation is not primarily governed by the levels of LHCP mRNA but by posttranslational stabilization in which chlorophyll synthesis plays a necessary but not sufficient role.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Etiolated seedlings had detectable LSU, LSU mRNA, and LHCP mRNA, while LHCP, SSU, and SSU mRNA were at or below detection.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceust0 - Organ / stage
- etiolated seedlingse0
- Outcome
- LSU, LSU mRNA, and LHCP mRNA were detectable in etiolated seedlings but LHCP, SSU, and SSU mRNA were at or below the limit of detectione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LSU, LSU mRNA, and LHCP mRNA were detectable in etiolated seedlings but LHCP, SSU, and SSU mRNA were at or below the limit of detection”
t0“pea leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
LSU mRNA increased about 40-fold per apical bud over 48 hours of white-light de-etiolation.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- continuous white lighte1
- Gene
- LSUe0
- Outcome
- mRNAs for LSUe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- about 40-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the mRNAs for LSU, SSU, and LHCP increased in concentration per apical bud by about 40-fold, at least 200-fold, and about 25-fold, respectively”
t0“pea leaves”
e1“under continuous white light”
Claim · model-written summary
SSU mRNA increased at least 200-fold per apical bud.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- continuous white lighte1
- Gene
- SSUe0
- Outcome
- mRNAs for LSU, SSU, and LHCPe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- at least 200-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the mRNAs for LSU, SSU, and LHCP increased in concentration per apical bud by about 40-fold, at least 200-fold, and about 25-fold, respectively”
t0“pea leaves”
e1“under continuous white light”
Claim · model-written summary
LHCP mRNA increased about 25-fold per apical bud.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- continuous white lighte1
- Gene
- LHCPe0
- Outcome
- mRNAs for LSU, SSU, and LHCPe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- about 25-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the mRNAs for LSU, SSU, and LHCP increased in concentration per apical bud by about 40-fold, at least 200-fold, and about 25-fold, respectively”
t0“pea leaves”
e1“under continuous white light”
Claim · model-written summary
Total RNA content increased 3.5-fold per apical bud.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- continuous white lighte1
- Outcome
- total RNA content per apical bude0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 3.5-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the total RNA content per apical bud increased only 3.5-fold”
t0“pea leaves”
e1“under continuous white light”
Claim · model-written summary
LSU protein content increased at least 60-fold per bud.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- continuous white lighte1
- Gene
- LSUe0
- Outcome
- LSU, SSU, and LHCP contents per bude0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 60-e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the LSU, SSU, and LHCP contents per bud increased at least 60-, 100-, and 200-fold, respectively”
t0“pea leaves”
e1“under continuous white light”
Claim · model-written summary
SSU protein content increased at least 100-fold per bud.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- continuous white lighte1
- Gene
- SSUe0
- Outcome
- LSU, SSU, and LHCP contents per bude0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 100-e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the LSU, SSU, and LHCP contents per bud increased at least 60-, 100-, and 200-fold, respectively”
t0“pea leaves”
e1“under continuous white light”
Claim · model-written summary
LHCP protein content increased at least 200-fold per bud.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- continuous white lighte1
- Gene
- LHCPe0
- Outcome
- LSU, SSU, and LHCP contents per bude0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 200-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the LSU, SSU, and LHCP contents per bud increased at least 60-, 100-, and 200-fold, respectively”
t0“pea leaves”
e1“under continuous white light”
Claim · model-written summary
LHCP concentration increased steadily during de-etiolation.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Gene
- LHCPe0
- Outcome
- LHCPe0
- Direction
- increased steadilye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LHCP increased steadily in concentration during de-etiolation”
t0“pea leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
LSU, SSU, and SSU mRNA accumulation showed a 24-hour lag.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- accumulation LSU, SSU, and SSU mRNAe0
- Value
- 24-hre0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the accumulation LSU, SSU, and SSU mRNA showed a 24-hr lag”
t0“pea leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
SSU, SSU mRNA, and LHCP mRNA accumulation showed red/far-red reversibility.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- accumulation of SSU, SSU mRNA, and LHCP mRNAe0
- Qualifier
- red/far-red reversibilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of SSU, SSU mRNA, and LHCP mRNA showed classical red/far-red reversibility”
t0“pea leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
LSU and LSU mRNA were induced equally by red and far-red light.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- red and far-red lighte0
- Gene
- LSUe0
- Outcome
- LSU and LSU mRNAe0
- Direction
- equally welle0
- Comparator
- red and far-red lighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LSU and LSU mRNA were induced equally well by red and far-red light”
t0“pea leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
LHCP accumulated only under continuous illumination.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Gene
- LHCPe0
- Outcome
- LHCP failed to accumulate except under continuous illuminatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LHCP failed to accumulate except under continuous illumination”
t0“pea leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that SSU accumulation is largely controlled through mRNA abundance and light and phytochrome signaling.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Gene
- SSUe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of SSUe0
- Qualifier
- steady-state level of its mRNAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the accumulation of SSU is controlled largely through the steady-state level of its mRNA, which is in turn almost totally dependent on light as an inducer and on phytochrome as one of the photoreceptors”
t0“pea leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that LSU accumulation largely depends on mRNA abundance, which is strongly photoregulated.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Gene
- LSUe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of LSUe0
- Qualifier
- level of its mRNAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of LSU is largely but not totally determined by the level of its mRNA, which appears to be under strong photoregulation”
t0“pea leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that phytochrome regulates LHCP mRNA, though substantial mRNA occurs in darkness.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Gene
- LHCPe0
- Outcome
- regulation of LHCP mRNA levelse0
- Qualifier
- Phytochromee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytochrome is involved in the regulation of LHCP mRNA levels but substantial levels of the mRNA also occur in the dark”
t0“pea leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that LHCP accumulation depends on posttranslational stabilization requiring chlorophyll synthesis.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Gene
- LHCPe0
- Outcome
- LHCP accumulatione0
- Qualifier
- posttranslational stabilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LHCP accumulation is not primarily governed by the levels of LHCP mRNA but by posttranslational stabilization in which chlorophyll synthesis plays a necessary but not sufficient role”
t0“pea leaves”
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