Paper · 1960 · Journal of Experimental Botany

The Effects of Gibberellins on the Growth of Excised Tomato Roots

D. N. BUTCHER; H. E. STREET

18
claims
34
verbatim quotes
67
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

At appropriate concentrations both gibberellic acid (GA) and 1-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA) enhance the main axis growth of excised tomato roots grown in culture media containing sucrose at concentrations below 1 per cent. Lateral root extension growth is enhanced by GA at all sucrose concentrations tested; only at the lower sucrose concentrations is this effect observed with NAA. Both GA and NAA increase the number of emergent lateral roots and this effect is most marked in media of low sucrose content. Both GA and NAA at higher concentrations inhibit root growth but NAA exhibits its full range of growth effects over a much narrower concentration range than GA. GA, like NAA, speeds up the loss of meristematic activity which occurs when individual meristems are repeatedly subcultured in media containing 1 per cent, or higher concentrations of sucrose. The promotion of main axis growth by both GA and NAA involves enhanced cell elongation and cell division. At a moderately inhibitory concentration GA reduces both cell elongation and cell division; this is not the case with NAA. Gibberellins A1, A2, and A4 resemble GA (gibberellin A3) in their growth effects. Allogibberic acid like G A promotes lateral root extension growth but causes marked inhibition of root growth at a much lower concentration than GA.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 18

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA enhanced main axis growth at low sucrose.

Treatment
gibberellic acid (GA)e0
Outcome
main axis growthe0
Direction
enhancee0
Qualifier
sucrose at concentrations below 1 per cente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“gibberellic acid (GA) and 1-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA) enhance the main axis growth of excised tomato roots grown in culture media containing sucrose at concentrations below 1 per cent”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 35–222 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NAA enhanced main axis growth at low sucrose.

Treatment
1-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA)e0
Outcome
main axis growthe0
Direction
enhancee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“gibberellic acid (GA) and 1-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA) enhance the main axis growth of excised tomato roots grown in culture media containing sucrose at concentrations below 1 per cent”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 35–222 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA enhanced lateral root extension at all tested sucrose concentrations.

Treatment
GAe0
Outcome
Lateral root extension growthe0
Direction
enhancede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Lateral root extension growth is enhanced by GA at all sucrose concentrations tested”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 224–308 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NAA enhanced lateral root extension only at lower sucrose concentrations.

Treatment
NAAe0
Outcome
this effecte0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“only at the lower sucrose concentrations is this effect observed with NAA”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 310–383 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA increased emergent lateral root number, particularly at low sucrose.

Treatment
GAe0
Outcome
number of emergent lateral rootse0
Direction
increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Both GA and NAA increase the number of emergent lateral roots and this effect is most marked in media of low sucrose content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 385–509 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NAA increased emergent lateral root number, particularly at low sucrose.

Treatment
NAAe0
Outcome
number of emergent lateral rootse0
Direction
increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Both GA and NAA increase the number of emergent lateral roots and this effect is most marked in media of low sucrose content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 385–509 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher GA concentrations inhibited root growth.

Treatment
GAe0
Outcome
root growthe0
Direction
inhibite0
Qualifier
higher concentrationse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Both GA and NAA at higher concentrations inhibit root growth”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 511–571 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher NAA concentrations inhibited root growth.

Treatment
NAA at higher concentrationse0
Outcome
root growthe0
Direction
inhibite0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Both GA and NAA at higher concentrations inhibit root growth”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 511–571 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NAA growth responses spanned a narrower concentration range than GA.

Outcome
full range of growth effectse0
Direction
narrowere0
Comparator
GAe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“NAA exhibits its full range of growth effects over a much narrower concentration range than GA”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 576–670 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA accelerated loss of meristematic activity during repeated subculture.

Treatment
GAe0
Outcome
loss of meristematic activitye0
Direction
speeds upe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“GA, like NAA, speeds up the loss of meristematic activity which occurs when individual meristems are repeatedly subcultured in media containing 1 per cent, or higher concentrations of sucrose”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 672–863 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NAA accelerated loss of meristematic activity during repeated subculture.

Treatment
NAAe0
Outcome
loss of meristematic activitye0
Direction
speeds upe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“GA, like NAA, speeds up the loss of meristematic activity which occurs when individual meristems are repeatedly subcultured in media containing 1 per cent, or higher concentrations of sucrose”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 672–863 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA promotion of main axis growth involved enhanced cell elongation and division.

Treatment
GAe0
Outcome
main axis growthe0
Qualifier
enhanced cell elongation and cell divisione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The promotion of main axis growth by both GA and NAA involves enhanced cell elongation and cell division”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 865–969 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NAA promotion of main axis growth involved enhanced cell elongation and division.

Treatment
NAAe0
Outcome
main axis growthe0
Qualifier
enhanced cell elongation and cell divisione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The promotion of main axis growth by both GA and NAA involves enhanced cell elongation and cell division”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 865–969 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Moderately inhibitory GA reduced cell elongation and division.

Treatment
GAe0
Outcome
cell elongation and cell divisione0
Direction
reducese0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“At a moderately inhibitory concentration GA reduces both cell elongation and cell division”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 971–1061 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NAA did not share the cell elongation and division reduction at a moderately inhibitory concentration.

Outcome
this is not the case with NAAe0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“this is not the case with NAA”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1063–1092 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gibberellins A1, A2, and A4 resembled GA in growth effects.

Outcome
growth effectse0
Comparator
GA (gibberellin A3)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Gibberellins A1, A2, and A4 resemble GA (gibberellin A3) in their growth effects”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1094–1174 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Allogibberic acid promoted lateral root extension.

Treatment
Allogibberic acide0
Outcome
lateral root extension growthe0
Direction
promotese0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Allogibberic acid like G A promotes lateral root extension growth”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1176–1241 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Allogibberic acid inhibited root growth at a lower concentration than GA.

Treatment
Allogibberic acide0
Outcome
root growthe0
Direction
inhibitione0
Comparator
GAe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Allogibberic acid like G A promotes lateral root extension growth but causes marked inhibition of root growth at a much lower concentration than GA”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1176–1323 · show in text ↑
t0

“Tomato Roots”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–65 · show in text ↑

1-naphthaleneacetic acid · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

39 papers: 32 positive, 7 negative or no effect

31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

35 papers more in this group

See all 39 papers →

Gibberellic acid · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

87 papers: 80 positive, 7 negative or no effect

79 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

83 papers more in this group

See all 87 papers →

Gibberellic acid · cytology · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 2 positive, 1 negative or no effect

2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.