Abstract
This study examines the previously reported inhibitory effects of Cd on root growth. In hydroponic experiments, 100 μg Cd/ℓ effected a 33% inhibition of lateral root initiation of corn. The growth of corn and soybean primary roots was not reduced at Cd concentrations of 1 mg/ℓ, and the number of lateral root initials in soybeans was not reduced at 2 mg Cd/ℓ. The toxic effects of Cd were ameliorated by additions of Zn or by additions of Fe citrate to nutrient growth solutions. While both Zn and Fe additions did result in increased lateral root initiation, the number of initials was significantly lower than the controls. Lead had no effect on the initiation of soybean lateral roots at a concentration of 100 μg Pb/ℓ. However, 5 mg Pb/ℓ did effect a 21% decrease in corn lateral root initials, but this decrease could not be demonstrated with higher Pb concentrations.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cd at 100 μg/ℓ inhibited lateral root initiation of corn by 33%.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Treatment
- 100 μg Cd/ℓe1
- Outcome
- lateral root initiatione1
- Direction
- inhibitione1
- Value
- 33%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“100 μg Cd/ℓ effected a 33% inhibition of lateral root initiation of corn”
t0“Root growth in corn and soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd at 1 mg/ℓ did not reduce the growth of corn and soybean primary roots.
- Taxon
- corn and soybean
Glycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse2 - Organ / stage
- primary rootse2
- Treatment
- Cd concentrations of 1 mg/ℓe2
- Outcome
- growth of corn and soybean primary rootse2
- Direction
- not reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The growth of corn and soybean primary roots was not reduced at Cd concentrations of 1 mg/ℓ”
t0“Root growth in corn and soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd at 2 mg/ℓ did not reduce the number of lateral root initials in soybeans.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- 2 mg Cd/ℓe3
- Outcome
- number of lateral root initialse3
- Direction
- not reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“the number of lateral root initials in soybeans was not reduced at 2 mg Cd/ℓ”
t0“Root growth in corn and soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc additions ameliorated the toxic effects of cadmium in corn and soybeans.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeansGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- additions of Zne4
- Compound
- Cde4
- Outcome
- toxic effects of Cde4
- Direction
- amelioratede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The toxic effects of Cd were ameliorated by additions of Zn or by additions of Fe citrate to nutrient growth solutions”
t0“Root growth in corn and soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron citrate additions ameliorated the toxic effects of cadmium in corn and soybeans.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeansGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- additions of Fe citratee4
- Compound
- Cde4
- Outcome
- toxic effects of Cde4
- Direction
- amelioratede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The toxic effects of Cd were ameliorated by additions of Zn or by additions of Fe citrate to nutrient growth solutions”
t0“Root growth in corn and soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc and iron additions increased lateral root initiation of cadmium-exposed corn and soybeans.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeansGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Zn and Fe additionse5
- Outcome
- lateral root initiatione5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“While both Zn and Fe additions did result in increased lateral root initiation”
t0“Root growth in corn and soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc and iron additions gave significantly fewer lateral root initials than the controls.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeansGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Zn and Fe additionse5
- Outcome
- number of initialse6
- Direction
- lowere6
- Comparator
- controlse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“While both Zn and Fe additions did result in increased lateral root initiation”
e6“the number of initials was significantly lower than the controls”
t0“Root growth in corn and soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Lead at 100 μg/ℓ had no effect on lateral root initiation of soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe7
- Treatment
- 100 μg Pb/ℓe7
- Outcome
- initiation of soybean lateral rootse7
- Direction
- no effecte7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Lead had no effect on the initiation of soybean lateral roots at a concentration of 100 μg Pb/ℓ”
t0“Root growth in corn and soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Pb at 5 mg/ℓ decreased corn lateral root initials by 21%, and this decrease was not shown at higher Pb concentrations.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- 5 mg Pb/ℓe1
- Outcome
- lateral root initialse1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 21%e1
- Qualifier
- could not be demonstrated with higher Pb concentrationse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“5 mg Pb/ℓ did effect a 21% decrease in corn lateral root initials, but this decrease could not be demonstrated with higher Pb concentrations”
t0“Root growth in corn and soybeans”
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See all 224 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.