Abstract
Abstract Solution culture techniques were used to study the response of corn, turnips, beets, beans, tomatoes, cabbage, lettuce, green peppers, and barley to Cd levels in solution in the range of 0.1 to 10 µg/ml. Tolerance of the plants to Cd varied. Growth of beets, beans, and turnips was reduced by 50% at Cd solution concentrations of 0.2 µg/ml. Similar growth reductions for corn and lettuce occurred where the solution concentration level was about 1 µg Cd/ml. Tomatoes and barley were somewhat more tolerant with levels of about 5 µg Cd/ml required to produce 50% growth reduction. Cabbage, the most tolerant plant species tested, showed 50% growth reduction at Cd solution concentrations of 9 µg/ml. Cadmium concentrations of plant leaves increased as the amount of Cd added to the substrate solution increased. Amounts accumulated when the solution concentration was 0.1 µg/ml varied between 9 µg/g (bean leaves) and 90 µg/g (corn leaves). At solution concentrations of 1.0 µg Cd/ml the range was 35 µg/g (bean leaves) to 469 µg/g (turnip leaves). Similarly at 10 µg Cd/ml the range was 175 µg/g (barley) to 112 µg/g (tomato leaves). The results presented show that plants vary in their tolerance to Cd solution levels and their leaves are capable of accumulating excessive Cd amounts when the solution concentration is of the order of a few tenths of a µg/ml.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Growth of beet, bean and turnip was reduced by 50% at 0.2 µg/ml Cd in solution.
- Taxon
- beets, beans, and turnipse1
- Treatment
- Cd solution concentrations of 0.2 µg/mle1
- Outcome
- Growthe1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 50%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Growth of beets, beans, and turnips was reduced by 50% at Cd solution concentrations of 0.2 µg/ml”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn and lettuce showed similar growth reductions at about 1 µg Cd/ml in solution.
- Taxon
- corn and lettuce
Lactuca sativa
Zea mays subsp. mayse2 - Treatment
- solution concentration level was about 1 µg Cd/mle2
- Outcome
- growthe2
- Direction
- reductionse2
- Qualifier
- Similare2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Similar growth reductions for corn and lettuce occurred where the solution concentration level was about 1 µg Cd/ml”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato and barley were somewhat more tolerant to Cd, with about 5 µg Cd/ml required to produce 50% growth reduction.
- Taxon
- Tomatoes and barley
Solanum lycopersicum.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree3 - Treatment
- levels of about 5 µg Cd/mle3
- Outcome
- growthe3
- Direction
- reductione3
- Value
- 50%e3
- Qualifier
- somewhat more tolerante3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e3“Tomatoes and barley were somewhat more tolerant with levels of about 5 µg Cd/ml required to produce 50% growth reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
Cabbage, the most tolerant species tested, showed 50% growth reduction at 9 µg/ml Cd in solution.
- Taxon
- Cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitatae4 - Treatment
- Cd solution concentrations of 9 µg/mle4
- Outcome
- growthe4
- Direction
- reductione4
- Value
- 50%e4
- Qualifier
- the most tolerant plant species testede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Cabbage, the most tolerant plant species tested, showed 50% growth reduction at Cd solution concentrations of 9 µg/ml”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf Cd concentrations of plants increased as the amount of Cd added to the substrate solution increased.
Verbatim
e5“Cadmium concentrations of plant leaves increased as the amount of Cd added to the substrate solution increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Bean leaves accumulated 9 µg/g Cd at 0.1 µg/ml in solution.
Verbatim
e6“Amounts accumulated when the solution concentration was 0.1 µg/ml varied between 9 µg/g (bean leaves) and 90 µg/g (corn leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn leaves accumulated 90 µg/g Cd at 0.1 µg/ml in solution.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Organ / stage
- leavese6
- Treatment
- solution concentration was 0.1 µg/mle6
- Outcome
- Amounts accumulatede6
- Value
- 90 µg/ge6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Amounts accumulated when the solution concentration was 0.1 µg/ml varied between 9 µg/g (bean leaves) and 90 µg/g (corn leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bean leaves accumulated 35 µg/g Cd at 1.0 µg Cd/ml in solution.
Verbatim
e7“At solution concentrations of 1.0 µg Cd/ml the range was 35 µg/g (bean leaves) to 469 µg/g (turnip leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Turnip leaves accumulated 469 µg/g Cd at 1.0 µg Cd/ml in solution.
- Taxon
- turnip
.jpg?width=60)
Brassica rapa subsp. rapae7 - Organ / stage
- leavese7
- Treatment
- solution concentrations of 1.0 µg Cd/mle7
- Outcome
- rangee7
- Value
- 469 µg/ge7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e7“At solution concentrations of 1.0 µg Cd/ml the range was 35 µg/g (bean leaves) to 469 µg/g (turnip leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley accumulated 175 µg/g Cd at 10 µg Cd/ml in solution.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree7
- Treatment
- 10 µg Cd/mle7
- Outcome
- rangee7
- Value
- 175 µg/ge7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Similarly at 10 µg Cd/ml the range was 175 µg/g (barley) to 112 µg/g (tomato leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato leaves accumulated 112 µg/g Cd at 10 µg Cd/ml in solution.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Organ / stage
- leavese7
- Treatment
- 10 µg Cd/mle7
- Outcome
- rangee7
- Value
- 112 µg/ge7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Similarly at 10 µg Cd/ml the range was 175 µg/g (barley) to 112 µg/g (tomato leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants vary in their tolerance to Cd solution levels.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee7
- Outcome
- tolerance to Cd solution levelse7
Verbatim
e7“The results presented show that plants vary in their tolerance to Cd solution levels and their leaves are capable of accumulating excessive Cd amounts when the solution concentration is of the order of a few tenths of a µg/ml”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaves of plants can accumulate excessive Cd when the solution concentration is a few tenths of a µg/ml.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee7
- Organ / stage
- leavese7
- Treatment
- the solution concentration is of the order of a few tenths of a µg/mle7
- Outcome
- accumulating excessive Cd amountse7
Verbatim
e7“The results presented show that plants vary in their tolerance to Cd solution levels and their leaves are capable of accumulating excessive Cd amounts when the solution concentration is of the order of a few tenths of a µg/ml”
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