Abstract
Abstract Nitrogen (N) supply increased yield, leaf % N at 10 days after silking (DAS) and at harvesting, the contents of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase (RUBISCO) and soluble protein, and the activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), and ferredoxin‐glutamate synthase (Fd‐GOGAT), but not of glutamine synthetase (GS) for six tropical maize (Zea mays L) cultivars. Compared to plants fertilized with 10 kg N/ha, plants inoculated with a mixture of Azospirillum sp. (strains Sp 82, Sp 242, and Sp Eng‐501) had increased grain % protein, and leaf % N at 10 DAS and at harvest, but not grain yield. Compared to plants fertilized with either 60 or 180 kg N/ha, Azospirillum‐inoculated plants yielded significantly less, and except for GS activity, which was not influenced by N supply, had lower values for leaf % N at 10 DAS and at harvest, for contents of soluble protein and RUBISCO, and for the activities of PEPC and Fd‐GOGAT. Yield was positively correlated to leaf % N both at 10 DAS and at harvest, to the contents of soluble protein and RUBISCO, and to the activities of PEPC and Fd‐GOGAT, but not of GS, when RUBISCO contents and enzyme activities were calculated per g fresh weight/min. However, when enzyme contents and enzyme activities were expressed per mg soluble protein/min, yield was correlated positively to RUBISCO and PEPC, but negatively to GS. These results give support to the hypothesis that RUBISCO, Fd‐GOGAT, and PEPC may be used as biochemical markers for the development of genotypes with enhanced photosynthetic capacity and yield potential.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen supply increased yield in tropical maize.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen (N) supply increased yield, leaf % N at 10 days after silking (DAS) and at harvesting, the contents of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase (RUBISCO) and soluble protein, and the activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), and ferredoxin‐glutamate synthase (Fd‐GOGAT), but not of glutamine synthetase (GS) for six tropical maize (Zea mays L) cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen supply increased leaf % N in tropical maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen (N) supply increased yield, leaf % N at 10 days after silking (DAS) and at harvesting, the contents of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase (RUBISCO) and soluble protein, and the activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), and ferredoxin‐glutamate synthase (Fd‐GOGAT), but not of glutamine synthetase (GS) for six tropical maize (Zea mays L) cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen supply increased ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase (RUBISCO) and soluble protein in tropical maize.
- Treatment
- Nitrogen (N) supplye0
- Outcome
- ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase (RUBISCO) and soluble proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen (N) supply increased yield, leaf % N at 10 days after silking (DAS) and at harvesting, the contents of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase (RUBISCO) and soluble protein, and the activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), and ferredoxin‐glutamate synthase (Fd‐GOGAT), but not of glutamine synthetase (GS) for six tropical maize (Zea mays L) cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen supply increased phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), and ferredoxin‐glutamate synthase (Fd‐GOGAT) in tropical maize.
- Treatment
- Nitrogen (N) supplye0
- Outcome
- phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), and ferredoxin‐glutamate synthase (Fd‐GOGAT)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen (N) supply increased yield, leaf % N at 10 days after silking (DAS) and at harvesting, the contents of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase (RUBISCO) and soluble protein, and the activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), and ferredoxin‐glutamate synthase (Fd‐GOGAT), but not of glutamine synthetase (GS) for six tropical maize (Zea mays L) cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen supply did not increase glutamine synthetase (GS) in tropical maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen (N) supply increased yield, leaf % N at 10 days after silking (DAS) and at harvesting, the contents of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase (RUBISCO) and soluble protein, and the activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), and ferredoxin‐glutamate synthase (Fd‐GOGAT), but not of glutamine synthetase (GS) for six tropical maize (Zea mays L) cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
Azospirillum inoculation increased grain % protein relative to 10 kg N/ha.
- Treatment
- inoculated with a mixture of Azospirillum sp.e0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum sp.
Azospirillume0symbiont - Outcome
- grain % proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- plants fertilized with 10 kg N/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to plants fertilized with 10 kg N/ha, plants inoculated with a mixture of Azospirillum sp. (strains Sp 82, Sp 242, and Sp Eng‐501) had increased grain % protein, and leaf % N at 10 DAS and at harvest, but not grain yield.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Azospirillum inoculation increased leaf % N relative to 10 kg N/ha.
- Treatment
- inoculated with a mixture of Azospirillum sp.e0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum sp.Azospirillume0symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf % Ne0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- plants fertilized with 10 kg N/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to plants fertilized with 10 kg N/ha, plants inoculated with a mixture of Azospirillum sp. (strains Sp 82, Sp 242, and Sp Eng‐501) had increased grain % protein, and leaf % N at 10 DAS and at harvest, but not grain yield.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Azospirillum inoculation did not increase grain yield relative to 10 kg N/ha.
- Treatment
- inoculated with a mixture of Azospirillum sp.e0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum sp.Azospirillume0symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- but note0
- Comparator
- plants fertilized with 10 kg N/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to plants fertilized with 10 kg N/ha, plants inoculated with a mixture of Azospirillum sp. (strains Sp 82, Sp 242, and Sp Eng‐501) had increased grain % protein, and leaf % N at 10 DAS and at harvest, but not grain yield.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Azospirillum-inoculated maize had lower yielded than maize given 60 or 180 kg N/ha.
- Treatment
- Azospirillum‐inoculatede0
- Interactor
- AzospirillumAzospirillume0symbiont
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- plants fertilized with either 60 or 180 kg N/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to plants fertilized with either 60 or 180 kg N/ha, Azospirillum‐inoculated plants yielded significantly less, and except for GS activity, which was not influenced by N supply, had lower values for leaf % N at 10 DAS and at harvest, for contents of soluble protein and RUBISCO, and for the activities of PEPC and Fd‐GOGAT.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Azospirillum-inoculated maize had lower leaf % N than maize given 60 or 180 kg N/ha.
- Treatment
- Azospirillum‐inoculatede0
- Interactor
- AzospirillumAzospirillume0symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf % Ne0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- plants fertilized with either 60 or 180 kg N/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to plants fertilized with either 60 or 180 kg N/ha, Azospirillum‐inoculated plants yielded significantly less, and except for GS activity, which was not influenced by N supply, had lower values for leaf % N at 10 DAS and at harvest, for contents of soluble protein and RUBISCO, and for the activities of PEPC and Fd‐GOGAT.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Azospirillum-inoculated maize had lower soluble protein and RUBISCO than maize given 60 or 180 kg N/ha.
- Treatment
- Azospirillum‐inoculatede0
- Interactor
- AzospirillumAzospirillume0symbiont
- Outcome
- soluble protein and RUBISCOe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- plants fertilized with either 60 or 180 kg N/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to plants fertilized with either 60 or 180 kg N/ha, Azospirillum‐inoculated plants yielded significantly less, and except for GS activity, which was not influenced by N supply, had lower values for leaf % N at 10 DAS and at harvest, for contents of soluble protein and RUBISCO, and for the activities of PEPC and Fd‐GOGAT.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Azospirillum-inoculated maize had lower PEPC and Fd‐GOGAT than maize given 60 or 180 kg N/ha.
- Treatment
- Azospirillum‐inoculatede0
- Interactor
- AzospirillumAzospirillume0symbiont
- Outcome
- PEPC and Fd‐GOGATe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- plants fertilized with either 60 or 180 kg N/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to plants fertilized with either 60 or 180 kg N/ha, Azospirillum‐inoculated plants yielded significantly less, and except for GS activity, which was not influenced by N supply, had lower values for leaf % N at 10 DAS and at harvest, for contents of soluble protein and RUBISCO, and for the activities of PEPC and Fd‐GOGAT.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield was positively correlated with leaf % N on a fresh-weight basis.
Not reportedGene
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield was positively correlated to leaf % N both at 10 DAS and at harvest, to the contents of soluble protein and RUBISCO, and to the activities of PEPC and Fd‐GOGAT, but not of GS, when RUBISCO contents and enzyme activities were calculated per g fresh weight/min.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield was positively correlated with soluble protein and RUBISCO on a fresh-weight basis.
- Gene
- soluble protein and RUBISCOe0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
- Qualifier
- per g fresh weight/mine0
Not reportedCompound
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield was positively correlated to leaf % N both at 10 DAS and at harvest, to the contents of soluble protein and RUBISCO, and to the activities of PEPC and Fd‐GOGAT, but not of GS, when RUBISCO contents and enzyme activities were calculated per g fresh weight/min.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield was positively correlated with PEPC and Fd‐GOGAT on a fresh-weight basis.
- Gene
- PEPC and Fd‐GOGATe0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
- Qualifier
- per g fresh weight/mine0
Not reportedCompound
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield was positively correlated to leaf % N both at 10 DAS and at harvest, to the contents of soluble protein and RUBISCO, and to the activities of PEPC and Fd‐GOGAT, but not of GS, when RUBISCO contents and enzyme activities were calculated per g fresh weight/min.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield was not correlated with GS on a fresh-weight basis.
Not reportedCompound
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield was positively correlated to leaf % N both at 10 DAS and at harvest, to the contents of soluble protein and RUBISCO, and to the activities of PEPC and Fd‐GOGAT, but not of GS, when RUBISCO contents and enzyme activities were calculated per g fresh weight/min.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield correlated positively with RUBISCO and PEPC per mg soluble protein/min.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, when enzyme contents and enzyme activities were expressed per mg soluble protein/min, yield was correlated positively to RUBISCO and PEPC, but negatively to GS.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield correlated negatively with GS per mg soluble protein/min.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, when enzyme contents and enzyme activities were expressed per mg soluble protein/min, yield was correlated positively to RUBISCO and PEPC, but negatively to GS.”
t0“in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose RUBISCO, Fd-GOGAT, and PEPC as markers for photosynthetic capacity and yield potential.
- Gene
- RUBISCO, Fd‐GOGAT, and PEPCe0
- Outcome
- biochemical markers for the development of genotypes with enhanced photosynthetic capacity and yield potentiale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RUBISCO, Fd‐GOGAT, and PEPC may be used as biochemical markers for the development of genotypes with enhanced photosynthetic capacity and yield potential.”
t0“in maize”
The same questions in other papers
Azospirillum · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 47 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
48 papers more in this group
See all 52 papers →Azospirillum · molecular: metabolites · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
Azospirillum · quality: protein · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →inoculation · quality: protein · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
41 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
45 papers more in this group
See all 49 papers →nitrogen · physiology: photosynthesis · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
77 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
94 papers more in this group
See all 98 papers →nitrogen · molecular: metabolites · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
94 papers in the same direction as this paper · 43 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
138 papers more in this group
See all 142 papers →inoculation · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
58 papers in the same direction as this paper · 479 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
534 papers more in this group
See all 538 papers →nitrogen · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1,905 papers in the same direction as this paper · 234 in the opposite direction · 45 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
2,181 papers more in this group
See all 2,185 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.