Abstract
Several methodologies measure leaf greenness intensity and relate it to crop N status. There is no evidence, however, of the utility of this variable to detect N deficiencies in corn ( Zea mays L.) under S deficiency. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of two indexes based on leaf greenness intensity to detect N deficiencies in corn under different levels of S. Two experiments at Balcarce, Argentina (Bce I and Bce II), and one at 9 de Julio, Argentina (9dJ), were conducted during the 2005–2006 and 2006–2007 seasons with different levels of N and S. Weekly measurements of greenness index (GI) were performed, and whole‐plant samples were taken at four developmental stages to determine crop N and S accumulation. No N × S interaction was found in any measured variable. Nitrogen increased dry matter N and S accumulation, grain yield, and GI. Sulfur fertilization resulted in increased S accumulation in all experiments, and grain yield at Bce II and 9dJ. This nutrient also increased GI during several crop stages in all experiments. A nitrogen sufficiency index (NSI) was related to its relative yield ( R 2 : 0.67, 0.63, 0.43, 0.67 for stages V5–V8, V9–V11, V13–V14, and V15–V18, respectively) under different S levels. On the other hand, a new index called relative greenness index (RGI), proposed for situations that could present S deficiencies, was also related to its relative yield ( R 2 : 0.67, 0.81, 0.63, 0.82 for stages V5–V8, V9–V11, V13–V14, and V15–V18, respectively) under different S levels. The regression lines of both indexes were coincident for all sample dates. It was concluded that crop N status can be characterized under different levels of S through the NSI. Future research, however, should test these results under a wider range of S levels.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
No nitrogen by sulfur interaction occurred in measured variables.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- N × Se0
- Outcome
- measured variablee0
- Direction
- Noe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No N × S interaction was found in any measured variable.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased dry matter nitrogen and sulfur accumulation.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Nitrogene0
- Outcome
- dry matter N and S accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen increased dry matter N and S accumulation, grain yield, and GI.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased grain yield.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Nitrogene0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen increased dry matter N and S accumulation, grain yield, and GI.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased greenness index.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Nitrogene0
- Outcome
- GIe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen increased dry matter N and S accumulation, grain yield, and GI.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur fertilization increased sulfur accumulation in all experiments.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Sulfur fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- S accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- all experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sulfur fertilization resulted in increased S accumulation in all experiments, and grain yield at Bce II and 9dJ.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur fertilization increased grain yield at Bce II and 9dJ.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Sulfur fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- Bce II and 9dJe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sulfur fertilization resulted in increased S accumulation in all experiments, and grain yield at Bce II and 9dJ.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur increased greenness index during several stages.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- This nutriente0
- Outcome
- GIe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- several crop stages in all experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This nutrient also increased GI during several crop stages in all experiments.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen sufficiency index was related to relative yield under different sulfur levels.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- different S levelse0
- Outcome
- relative yielde0
- Value
- 0.67, 0.63, 0.43, 0.67e0
- Qualifier
- nitrogen sufficiency index (NSI)e0
Not reportedMaterialDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A nitrogen sufficiency index (NSI) was related to its relative yield ( R 2 : 0.67, 0.63, 0.43, 0.67 for stages V5–V8, V9–V11, V13–V14, and V15–V18, respectively) under different S levels.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative greenness index was related to relative yield under different sulfur levels.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- different S levelse0
- Outcome
- relative yielde0
- Value
- 0.67, 0.81, 0.63, 0.82e0
- Qualifier
- relative greenness index (RGI)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a new index called relative greenness index (RGI), proposed for situations that could present S deficiencies, was also related to its relative yield ( R 2 : 0.67, 0.81, 0.63, 0.82 for stages V5–V8, V9–V11, V13–V14, and V15–V18, respectively) under different S levels.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Regression lines for both indices coincided across sampling dates.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- regression linese0
- Qualifier
- all sample datese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The regression lines of both indexes were coincident for all sample dates.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors concluded that nitrogen sufficiency index characterizes corn nitrogen status across sulfur levels.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- crop N statuse0
- Qualifier
- different levels of Se0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was concluded that crop N status can be characterized under different levels of S through the NSI.”
t0“Corn”
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