Abstract
The chlorophyll a/b, chlorophyll a/c, and chlorophyll a/a light-harvesting proteins are part of an extended gene family that also includes the transiently expressed stress proteins, the Elips (early light-induced proteins). Four Elip homologue proteins, encoded by single-copy nuclear genes, have been identified in the Arabidopsis thaliana database. These proteins were divided into two groups according to the expression pattern under light-stress conditions and the predicted secondary structure. Group one included two members of the Elip family with three predicted transmembrane helices and a gene expression strictly related to light stress. Group two included two proteins, the Seps (stress-enhanced proteins), which possessed two predicted transmembrane segments. The transcripts of Sep1 and Sep2 were present under low light conditions, but their level increased 4- to 10-fold during illumination of plants with high-intensity light. Preliminary data indicated that the induced transcripts were translated in vivo. Other physiological stress conditions, such as cold, heat, desiccation, salt, wounding, or oxidative stress, did not significantly influence the expression of Sep genes. In vitro import of radioactively labeled precursors of Seps into isolated chloroplasts confirmed the thylakoid membrane localization of these proteins. Considering the predicted protein structure and homology to other pigment-antenna proteins, the two-helix Seps might represent an evolutionary missing link between the one- and three-helix antenna proteins present in pro- and eukaryota.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Four Elip homologue proteins encoded by single-copy nuclear genes were identified.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Outcome
- Four Elip homologue proteinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four Elip homologue proteins, encoded by single-copy nuclear genes, have been identified in the Arabidopsis thaliana database.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The proteins divided into two groups by light-stress expression and predicted structure.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- two groupse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These proteins were divided into two groups according to the expression pattern under light-stress conditions and the predicted secondary structure.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The first group included two three-helix Elips with expression tied to light stress.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- Elipe0
- Outcome
- three predicted transmembrane helices and a gene expression strictly related to light stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Group one included two members of the Elip family with three predicted transmembrane helices and a gene expression strictly related to light stress.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The second group contained two Sep proteins with two predicted transmembrane segments.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- Sepse0
- Outcome
- two predicted transmembrane segmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Group two included two proteins, the Seps (stress-enhanced proteins), which possessed two predicted transmembrane segments.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Sep1 and Sep2 transcripts rose 4- to 10-fold under high-intensity light.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- high-intensity lighte0
- Outcome
- transcripts of Sep1 and Sep2e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4- to 10-folde0
- Comparator
- low light conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The transcripts of Sep1 and Sep2 were present under low light conditions, but their level increased 4- to 10-fold during illumination of plants with high-intensity light.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Induced Sep transcripts were translated in vivo according to preliminary data.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- induced transcripts were translated in vivoe0
- Qualifier
- Preliminary datae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Preliminary data indicated that the induced transcripts were translated in vivo.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold, heat, desiccation, salt, wounding and oxidative stress did not significantly change Sep expression.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- cold, heat, desiccation, salt, wounding, or oxidative stresse0
- Outcome
- expression of Sep genese0
- Direction
- did not significantly influencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Other physiological stress conditions, such as cold, heat, desiccation, salt, wounding, or oxidative stress, did not significantly influence the expression of Sep genes.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Sep proteins localized to the thylakoid membrane in chloroplast import assays.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- Sepse0
- Outcome
- thylakoid membrane localizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In vitro import of radioactively labeled precursors of Seps into isolated chloroplasts confirmed the thylakoid membrane localization of these proteins.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest two-helix Seps may be an evolutionary link between one- and three-helix antenna proteins.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- Sepse0
- Outcome
- evolutionary missing linke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the two-helix Seps might represent an evolutionary missing link between the one- and three-helix antenna proteins present in pro- and eukaryota.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
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