Abstract
The coffee plant is native to shaded environments and its seedlings are often produced in shaded nurseries. However, some nursery managers, in an effort to improve the acclimation of seedlings to field conditions after transplantation, produce seedlings in full sun exposure. In this study, the morphological and physiological parameters of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2) were examined. The biomass accumulation and relative growth rate of T1 and T2 seedlings were similar. The T1 seedlings had less biomass allocation to shoots, a lower leaf mass ratio and a lower leaf area ratio; however, they had a greater net assimilation rate (rate of increase in plant mass per unit leaf area), which was associated with a greater net photosynthetic rate. There were no alterations in the concentrations of total chlorophylls or in the chlorophyll a/b ratio when comparing T1 and T2 seedlings. No indications of photoinhibition or photooxidative damage were observed in the T1 plants, which were shown to have a more robust antioxidant system than the T2 plants. Seedlings transferred from shade to full sun (T3) were not capable of utilising the incident extra light to fix CO2. These seedlings showed a remarkable nocturnal retention of zeaxanthin and a significantly increased deepoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle, even at predawn, but the activity of antioxidant enzymes was lower than in the T1 and T2 plants. Despite the acclimation capacity of T3 seedlings to the new light environment, they exhibited chronic photoinhibition and considerable photooxidative damage throughout the seven days following the transfer to full sun exposure. We further discuss the practical implications of producing coffee seedlings in full sunlight and under shade.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass accumulation and relative growth rate were similar in coffee seedlings produced in full sun and in shade.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabica
Coffea arabicae0 - Treatment
- full sune0
- Outcome
- biomass accumulation and relative growth ratee1
- Direction
- similare1
- Comparator
- shadee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“The biomass accumulation and relative growth rate of T1 and T2 seedlings were similar”
Claim · model-written summary
Full-sun coffee seedlings had less biomass allocation to shoots than shade seedlings.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- full sune0
- Outcome
- biomass allocation to shootse1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Comparator
- shadee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“The T1 seedlings had less biomass allocation to shoots, a lower leaf mass ratio and a lower leaf area ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Full-sun coffee seedlings had a lower leaf mass ratio than shade seedlings.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- full sune0
- Outcome
- leaf mass ratioe1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- shadee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“The T1 seedlings had less biomass allocation to shoots, a lower leaf mass ratio and a lower leaf area ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Full-sun coffee seedlings had a lower leaf area ratio than shade seedlings.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- full sune0
- Outcome
- leaf area ratioe1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- shadee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“The T1 seedlings had less biomass allocation to shoots, a lower leaf mass ratio and a lower leaf area ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Full-sun coffee seedlings had a greater net assimilation rate than shade seedlings.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- full sune0
- Outcome
- net assimilation ratee1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- shadee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“they had a greater net assimilation rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Full-sun coffee seedlings had a greater net photosynthetic rate, associated with the greater net assimilation rate.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- full sune0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- shadee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“which was associated with a greater net photosynthetic rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Total chlorophyll concentrations and the chlorophyll a/b ratio did not differ between full-sun and shade seedlings.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- full sune0
- Outcome
- concentrations of total chlorophylls or in the chlorophyll a/b ratioe1
- Direction
- no alterationse1
- Comparator
- shadee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“There were no alterations in the concentrations of total chlorophylls or in the chlorophyll a/b ratio when comparing T1 and T2 seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Full-sun coffee seedlings showed no indications of photoinhibition or photooxidative damage.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- full sune0
- Outcome
- photoinhibition or photooxidative damagee1
- Direction
- No indicationse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“No indications of photoinhibition or photooxidative damage were observed in the T1 plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Full-sun coffee seedlings had a more robust antioxidant system than shade (T2) plants.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- full sune0
- Outcome
- antioxidant systeme1
- Direction
- more robuste1
- Comparator
- T2 plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“which were shown to have a more robust antioxidant system than the T2 plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Coffee seedlings transferred from shade to full sun were not capable of utilising the extra incident light to fix CO2.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- transferred from shade to full sune1
- Outcome
- not capable of utilising the incident extra light to fix CO2e2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“Seedlings transferred from shade to full sun (T3)”
e2“were not capable of utilising the incident extra light to fix CO2”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedlings moved from shade to full sun showed a remarkable nocturnal retention of zeaxanthin.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- transferred from shade to full sune1
- Outcome
- remarkable nocturnal retention of zeaxanthine2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“Seedlings transferred from shade to full sun (T3)”
e2“These seedlings showed a remarkable nocturnal retention of zeaxanthin and a significantly increased deepoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle, even at predawn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedlings moved from shade to full sun showed a significantly increased deepoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle, even at predawn.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- transferred from shade to full sune1
- Outcome
- deepoxidation state of the xanthophyll cyclee2
- Direction
- significantly increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“Seedlings transferred from shade to full sun (T3)”
e2“These seedlings showed a remarkable nocturnal retention of zeaxanthin and a significantly increased deepoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle, even at predawn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedlings moved from shade to full sun had lower antioxidant enzyme activity than T1 and T2 plants.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- transferred from shade to full sune1
- Outcome
- activity of antioxidant enzymese2
- Direction
- lowere2
- Comparator
- T1 and T2 plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“Seedlings transferred from shade to full sun (T3)”
e2“the activity of antioxidant enzymes was lower than in the T1 and T2 plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Despite acclimation capacity, seedlings moved to full sun showed chronic photoinhibition and considerable photooxidative damage throughout the seven days after transfer.
- Taxon
- Coffea arabicaCoffea arabicae0
- Treatment
- transferred from shade to full sune1
- Outcome
- chronic photoinhibition and considerable photooxidative damagee2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings produced in full sun (T1) and in shade (T2)”
e1“Seedlings transferred from shade to full sun (T3)”
e2“they exhibited chronic photoinhibition and considerable photooxidative damage throughout the seven days following the transfer to full sun exposure”
The same questions in other papers
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light · physiology: photosynthesis · Coffea arabica (arabica coffee)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →light · molecular: metabolites · Coffea arabica (arabica coffee)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.