Paper · 1990 · Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation

Quality and yield of soybean seeds as affected by inoculation, NPK fertilization, and soil salinity

Taha Mahmoud El‐Essawi; Dawlat Abadi

9
claims
17
verbatim quotes
3
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Abstract In soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] field trials during 1982 and 1983, the effects of seed inoculation with appropriate rhizobia and different levels of NPK fertilizers on yield and yield quality were assessed at two soil salinity levels (EC = 2.9 and 6.8 mmhos cm‐1). For both soils, seed inoculation with rhizobia markedly increased nodule development (number and weight), growth and grain yield, and oil and protein contents of seed. Growth and grain yield were lower in saline than in non‐saline soil. The highest yields of grain from the two soils (5290 and 4720 kg grain ha‐1) were achieved with 213 kg N + 24 kg P + 48 kg K ha‐1. Equal seed yields were obtained by dressing with 142 kg N ha‐1 or by inoculating seeds with Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Inoculation increased oil and protein contents of seed, and in some cases surpassed the oil and protein content obtained with the highest N fertilization rate (213 kg N ha‐1). Substantial increases in soybean growth, yield quantity, and seed quality were achieved either by adding P and/or K fertilizers. Response to P and K fertilizers was more pronounced in the salt affected soil. Key words: dinitrogen fixationNPK fertilization Glycine max soybean oilproteinrhizobiasalinity.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In both soils, seed inoculation with rhizobia markedly increased soybean nodule number and weight.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
seed inoculation with rhizobiae0
Interactor
rhizobiae0symbiont
Outcome
nodule development (number and weight)e0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“For both soils, seed inoculation with rhizobia markedly increased nodule development (number and weight), growth and grain yield, and oil and protein contents of seed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 278–444 · show in text ↑
t0

“soybean seeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–34 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In both soils, seed inoculation with rhizobia markedly increased soybean growth and grain yield.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
seed inoculation with rhizobiae0
Interactor
rhizobiae0symbiont
Outcome
growth and grain yielde0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“For both soils, seed inoculation with rhizobia markedly increased nodule development (number and weight), growth and grain yield, and oil and protein contents of seed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 278–444 · show in text ↑
t0

“soybean seeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–34 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In both soils, seed inoculation with rhizobia markedly increased seed oil and protein contents.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
seed inoculation with rhizobiae0
Interactor
rhizobiae0symbiont
Outcome
oil and protein contents of seede0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“For both soils, seed inoculation with rhizobia markedly increased nodule development (number and weight), growth and grain yield, and oil and protein contents of seed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 278–444 · show in text ↑
t0

“soybean seeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–34 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Growth and grain yield were lower in saline than in non-saline soil.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
salinee0
Outcome
Growth and grain yielde0
Direction
lowere0
Comparator
non-saline soile0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Growth and grain yield were lower in saline than in non-saline soil”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · abstract, characters 446–513 · show in text ↑
t0

“soybean seeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–34 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest grain yields from the two soils (5290 and 4720 kg grain/ha) were achieved with 213 kg N + 24 kg P + 48 kg K/ha.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
213 kg N + 24 kg P + 48 kg K ha‐1e0
Outcome
highest yields of graine0
Direction
higheste0
Value
5290 and 4720 kg grain ha‐1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest yields of grain from the two soils (5290 and 4720 kg grain ha‐1) were achieved with 213 kg N + 24 kg P + 48 kg K ha‐1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 515–644 · show in text ↑
t0

“soybean seeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–34 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Equal seed yields were obtained by dressing with 142 kg N/ha or by inoculating seeds with Bradyrhizobium japonicum.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
inoculating seeds with Bradyrhizobium japonicume0
Interactor
Bradyrhizobium japonicumBradyrhizobium japonicume0symbiont
Outcome
seed yieldse0
Direction
Equale0
Comparator
dressing with 142 kg N ha‐1e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Bradyrhizobium japonicum
Bradyrhizobium japonicum · InteractorLouisa Howard - Dartmouth Electron Microscope Facility · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Equal seed yields were obtained by dressing with 142 kg N ha‐1 or by inoculating seeds with Bradyrhizobium japonicum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 646–762 · show in text ↑
t0

“soybean seeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–34 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In some cases inoculation surpassed the oil and protein content obtained with the highest N fertilization rate (213 kg N/ha).

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
Inoculatione0
Outcome
oil and protein contente0
Direction
surpassede0
Qualifier
in some casese0
Comparator
highest N fertilization rate (213 kg N ha‐1)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Inoculation increased oil and protein contents of seed, and in some cases surpassed the oil and protein content obtained with the highest N fertilization rate (213 kg N ha‐1)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 764–938 · show in text ↑
t0

“soybean seeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–34 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding P and/or K fertilizers gave substantial increases in soybean growth, yield quantity and seed quality.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
adding P and/or K fertilizerse0
Outcome
growth, yield quantity, and seed qualitye0
Direction
increasese0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Substantial increases in soybean growth, yield quantity, and seed quality were achieved either by adding P and/or K fertilizers”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 940–1067 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The response to P and K fertilizers was more pronounced in the salt-affected soil.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
P and K fertilizerse0
Outcome
Responsee0
Direction
more pronouncede0
Setting
salt affected soile0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Response to P and K fertilizers was more pronounced in the salt affected soil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1069–1146 · show in text ↑
t0

“soybean seeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–34 · show in text ↑

Bradyrhizobium japonicum · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

61 papers: 54 positive, 7 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 54 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

57 papers more in this group

See all 61 papers →

salinity · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ

45 papers: 3 positive, 42 negative or no effect

41 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

41 papers more in this group

See all 45 papers →

inoculation · quality: protein · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ

53 papers: 47 positive, 6 negative or no effect

46 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

49 papers more in this group

See all 53 papers →

fertilization · quality: grain · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

24 papers: 19 positive, 5 negative or no effect

18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

20 papers more in this group

See all 24 papers →

inoculation · symbiosis · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

310 papers: 265 positive, 45 negative or no effect

264 papers in the same direction as this paper · 43 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

306 papers more in this group

See all 310 papers →

phosphorus · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

355 papers: 303 positive, 52 negative or no effect

302 papers in the same direction as this paper · 42 in the opposite direction · 10 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

351 papers more in this group

See all 355 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

416 papers: 318 positive, 98 negative or no effect

317 papers in the same direction as this paper · 91 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect

412 papers more in this group

See all 416 papers →

inoculation · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

566 papers: 491 positive, 75 negative or no effect

490 papers in the same direction as this paper · 63 in the opposite direction · 12 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

562 papers more in this group

See all 566 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.