Abstract
ABSTRACT Research has shown that some corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown under reduced tillage conditions respond to starter fertilizer containing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), while others do not. This research studied variability of responsiveness among corn hybrids to starter fertilizer containing a more complete complement of nutrients. The experiment was conducted from 1996 to 1998 on a producer's field near Scandia, KS, on a Carr sandy-loam soil (coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive calcareous, mesic Typic Udifluvents). The response of four corn hybrids (Pioneer 3563, Pioneer 3346, DeKalb 591, and DeKalb 646) to starter fertilizer combinations containing N, P, potassium (K), sulfur (S), and zinc (Zn) was evaluated. In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646. Addition of S to the starter mix produced additional yield increases for Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, whereas addition of K and Zn to the starter did not show any additional yield benefit for these two hybrids. Grain yield of Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646 was not improved by starter fertilizer, regardless of the elemental composition. When no starter fertilizer was applied, early-season root development was greater in Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646 than in the other two hybrids. However, the addition of starter fertilizer increased numbers of roots and depth of rooting in Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591 but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 636. Results showed starter fertilizer benefited grain yield for two hybrids. Grain yield of the other two hybrids, however, was not influenced by starter, regardless of which nutrients were supplied. This response may be attributed to differences in root-growth characteristics of the hybrids. The two responsive hybrids did, however, yield an average of 0.75 mg ha−1 greater than the two non-responsive hybrids. This result indicates it is unlikely that all of the yield loss from not using a starter can be avoided by hybrid selection.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
N and P starter fertilizer increased grain yield of Pioneer 3346.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Material
- Pioneer 3346e0
- Treatment
- starter fertilizer containing N and Pe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
N and P starter fertilizer reduced number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity of Pioneer 3346.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Pioneer 3346e0
- Treatment
- starter fertilizer containing N and Pe0
- Outcome
- number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
N and P starter fertilizer decreased grain-moisture content at harvest of Pioneer 3346.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Pioneer 3346e0
- Treatment
- starter fertilizer containing N and Pe0
- Outcome
- grain-moisture content at harveste0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
N and P starter fertilizer increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Pioneer 3346e0
- Treatment
- starter fertilizer containing N and Pe0
- Outcome
- total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
N and P starter fertilizer increased grain yield of DeKalb 591.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- DeKalb 591e0
- Treatment
- starter fertilizer containing N and Pe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
N and P starter fertilizer reduced number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity of DeKalb 591.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- DeKalb 591e0
- Treatment
- starter fertilizer containing N and Pe0
- Outcome
- number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
N and P starter fertilizer decreased grain-moisture content at harvest of DeKalb 591.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- DeKalb 591e0
- Treatment
- starter fertilizer containing N and Pe0
- Outcome
- grain-moisture content at harveste0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
N and P starter fertilizer increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of DeKalb 591.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- DeKalb 591e0
- Treatment
- starter fertilizer containing N and Pe0
- Outcome
- total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
N and P starter fertilizer had no effect on Pioneer 3563.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Pioneer 3563e0
- Treatment
- starter fertilizer containing N and Pe0
- Outcome
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
N and P starter fertilizer had no effect on DeKalb 646.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- DeKalb 646e0
- Treatment
- starter fertilizer containing N and Pe0
- Outcome
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding S to starter increased Pioneer 3346 yield.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Pioneer 3346e0
- Treatment
- Addition of S to the starter mixe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of S to the starter mix produced additional yield increases for Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, whereas addition of K and Zn to the starter did not show any additional yield benefit for these two hybrids.”
e1“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding K and Zn gave no further yield benefit for Pioneer 3346.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Pioneer 3346e1
- Treatment
- addition of K and Zn to the startere0
- Outcome
- yield benefite0
- Direction
- did not show any additionale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of S to the starter mix produced additional yield increases for Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, whereas addition of K and Zn to the starter did not show any additional yield benefit for these two hybrids.”
e1“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding S to starter increased DeKalb 591 yield.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- DeKalb 591e0
- Treatment
- Addition of S to the starter mixe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of S to the starter mix produced additional yield increases for Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, whereas addition of K and Zn to the starter did not show any additional yield benefit for these two hybrids.”
e1“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding K and Zn gave no further yield benefit for DeKalb 591.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- DeKalb 591e1
- Treatment
- addition of K and Zn to the startere0
- Outcome
- yield benefite0
- Direction
- did not show any additionale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of S to the starter mix produced additional yield increases for Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, whereas addition of K and Zn to the starter did not show any additional yield benefit for these two hybrids.”
e1“In all three years of the experiment, starter fertilizer containing N and P consistently increased grain yield, reduced the number of thermal units needed from emergence to maturity, decreased grain-moisture content at harvest, and increased total P uptake (grain plus stover at maturity) of Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591, but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Without starter fertilizer, Pioneer 3563 had greater early root development than the other two hybrids.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Pioneer 3563e0
- Outcome
- early-season root developmente0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- the other two hybridse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When no starter fertilizer was applied, early-season root development was greater in Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646 than in the other two hybrids.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Without starter fertilizer, DeKalb 646 had greater early root development than the other two hybrids.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- DeKalb 646e0
- Outcome
- early-season root developmente0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- the other two hybridse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When no starter fertilizer was applied, early-season root development was greater in Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 646 than in the other two hybrids.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter fertilizer increased root number and rooting depth in Pioneer 3346.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Pioneer 3346e0
- Treatment
- addition of starter fertilizere0
- Outcome
- numbers of roots and depth of rootinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the addition of starter fertilizer increased numbers of roots and depth of rooting in Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591 but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 636.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter fertilizer increased root number and rooting depth in DeKalb 591.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- DeKalb 591e0
- Treatment
- addition of starter fertilizere0
- Outcome
- numbers of roots and depth of rootinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the addition of starter fertilizer increased numbers of roots and depth of rooting in Pioneer 3346 and DeKalb 591 but had no effect on Pioneer 3563 and DeKalb 636.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The two responsive hybrids yielded 0.75 mg ha−1 more than the two nonresponsive hybrids.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- two responsive hybridse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 0.75 mg ha−1e0
- Comparator
- two non-responsive hybridse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two responsive hybrids did, however, yield an average of 0.75 mg ha−1 greater than the two non-responsive hybrids.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid selection is unlikely to avoid all yield loss from omitting starter fertilizer.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- unlikely that all of the yield loss from not using a starter can be avoided by hybrid selectione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This result indicates it is unlikely that all of the yield loss from not using a starter can be avoided by hybrid selection.”
t0“Corn”
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See all 1,365 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.