Abstract
The capacity of seed of soybean, sunflower and sorghum to sustain early growth was studied by growing seedlings from germination to day 15 at 25¦C in growth cabinets in either aerated nutrient solution, aerated deionised water or rolled cotton towelling wetted with deionised water. Growth was markedly better in the nutrient solution and significant differences in growth and in content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were observed 7-11 days after imbibition. By day 15 the dry weights of soybean, sunflower and sorghum seedlings grown in rolled towelling were only 38, 20 and 36%, respectively, of those grown in nutrient solution. Growth in deionised water was very poor and most seedlings were beginning to die by day 15. This was associated with a leakage of potassium from the seedlings to the growing medium, an effect consistent with impaired membrane permeability due to calcium deficiency. The marked effect of added mineral nutrients on the early growth of seedlings indicates that vigour tests which seek to measure the growth potential of a seed batch should be conducted under conditions providing adequate nutrition rather than in inert media. The growth of seedlings in aerated nutrient solution at optimum temperature for about 15 days can be taken as quantitative measures of potential growth and seed vigour. A comparison of growth of seedlings in aerated nutrient solution and an inert medium can be taken as a measure of the nutrient status of a seed lot.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling growth was markedly better in nutrient solution than the other media.
- Taxon
- soybean, sunflower and sorghum
Glycine max
Helianthus annuus
Sorghumt0 - Treatment
- aerated nutrient solutione1
- Outcome
- Growthe0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- aerated deionised water or rolled cotton towelling wetted with deionised watere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth was markedly better in the nutrient solution and significant differences in growth and in content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were observed 7-11 days after imbibition.”
t0“soybean, sunflower and sorghum”
e1“either aerated nutrient solution, aerated deionised water or rolled cotton towelling wetted with deionised water”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents differed significantly by 7–11 days.
- Taxon
- soybean, sunflower and sorghumGlycine maxHelianthus annuusSorghumt0
- Outcome
- content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassiume0
- Qualifier
- 7-11 days after imbibitione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant differences in growth and in content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were observed 7-11 days after imbibition.”
t0“soybean, sunflower and sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean seedlings in rolled towelling had 38% of nutrient-solution dry weight on day 15.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- rolled towellinge0
- Outcome
- dry weightse0
- Direction
- onlye0
- Value
- 38e0
- Qualifier
- By day 15e0
- Comparator
- nutrient solutione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By day 15 the dry weights of soybean, sunflower and sorghum seedlings grown in rolled towelling were only 38, 20 and 36%, respectively, of those grown in nutrient solution.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower seedlings in rolled towelling had 20% of nutrient-solution dry weight on day 15.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- rolled towellinge0
- Outcome
- dry weightse0
- Direction
- onlye0
- Value
- 20e0
- Qualifier
- By day 15e0
- Comparator
- nutrient solutione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By day 15 the dry weights of soybean, sunflower and sorghum seedlings grown in rolled towelling were only 38, 20 and 36%, respectively, of those grown in nutrient solution.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum seedlings in rolled towelling had 36% of nutrient-solution dry weight on day 15.
- Treatment
- rolled towellinge0
- Outcome
- dry weightse0
- Direction
- onlye0
- Value
- 36%e0
- Qualifier
- By day 15e0
- Comparator
- nutrient solutione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By day 15 the dry weights of soybean, sunflower and sorghum seedlings grown in rolled towelling were only 38, 20 and 36%, respectively, of those grown in nutrient solution.”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth in deionised water was poor and most seedlings began dying by day 15.
- Taxon
- soybean, sunflower and sorghumGlycine maxHelianthus annuusSorghumt0
- Treatment
- deionised watere0
- Outcome
- Growthe0
- Direction
- very poore0
- Qualifier
- by day 15e0
- Comparator
- aerated nutrient solutione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth in deionised water was very poor and most seedlings were beginning to die by day 15.”
e1“either aerated nutrient solution, aerated deionised water or rolled cotton towelling wetted with deionised water”
t0“soybean, sunflower and sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Poor growth in deionised water was associated with potassium leakage.
- Taxon
- soybean, sunflower and sorghumGlycine maxHelianthus annuusSorghumt0
- Treatment
- deionised watere1
- Outcome
- leakage of potassium from the seedlings to the growing mediume0
- Qualifier
- impaired membrane permeability due to calcium deficiencye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was associated with a leakage of potassium from the seedlings to the growing medium, an effect consistent with impaired membrane permeability due to calcium deficiency.”
e1“Growth in deionised water was very poor”
t0“soybean, sunflower and sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Vigour tests should provide adequate nutrition.
- Taxon
- soybean, sunflower and sorghumGlycine maxHelianthus annuusSorghumt0
- Outcome
- vigour tests which seek to measure the growth potential of a seed batch should be conducted under conditions providing adequate nutrition rather than in inert mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“vigour tests which seek to measure the growth potential of a seed batch should be conducted under conditions providing adequate nutrition rather than in inert media.”
t0“soybean, sunflower and sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling growth in nutrient solution at optimum temperature for about 15 days can measure potential growth and vigour.
- Taxon
- soybean, sunflower and sorghumGlycine maxHelianthus annuusSorghumt0
- Treatment
- aerated nutrient solutione0
- Outcome
- quantitative measures of potential growth and seed vigoure0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of seedlings in aerated nutrient solution at optimum temperature for about 15 days can be taken as quantitative measures of potential growth and seed vigour.”
t0“soybean, sunflower and sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Comparing growth in nutrient solution and inert medium can indicate seed-lot nutrient status.
- Taxon
- soybean, sunflower and sorghumGlycine maxHelianthus annuusSorghumt0
- Outcome
- measure of the nutrient status of a seed lote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A comparison of growth of seedlings in aerated nutrient solution and an inert medium can be taken as a measure of the nutrient status of a seed lot.”
t0“soybean, sunflower and sorghum”
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See all 418 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.