Abstract
Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) produces the most widely used natural fibers, yet the regulatory mechanisms governing fiber cell elongation are not well understood. Through sequencing of a cotton fiber cDNA library and subsequent microarray analysis, we found that ethylene biosynthesis is one of the most significantly upregulated biochemical pathways during fiber elongation. The 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Oxidase1-3 (ACO1-3) genes responsible for ethylene production were expressed at significantly higher levels during this growth stage. The amount of ethylene released from cultured ovules correlated with ACO expression and the rate of fiber growth. Exogenously applied ethylene promoted robust fiber cell expansion, whereas its biosynthetic inhibitor l-(2-aminoethoxyvinyl)-glycine (AVG) specifically suppressed fiber growth. The brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthetic pathway was modestly upregulated during this growth stage, and treatment with BR or its biosynthetic inhibitor brassinazole (BRZ) also promoted or inhibited, respectively, fiber growth. However, the effect of ethylene treatment was much stronger than that of BR, and the inhibitory effect of BRZ on fiber cells could be overcome by ethylene, but the AVG effect was much less reversed by BR. These results indicate that ethylene plays a major role in promoting cotton fiber elongation. Furthermore, ethylene may promote cell elongation by increasing the expression of sucrose synthase, tubulin, and expansin genes.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene biosynthesis was strongly upregulated during cotton fiber elongation.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Organ / stage
- fiber elongatione0
- Outcome
- ethylene biosynthesise0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene biosynthesis is one of the most significantly upregulated biochemical pathways during fiber elongation”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
ACO1-3 expression was significantly higher during fiber elongation.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Gene
- ACO1-3e0
- Outcome
- expressede0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Oxidase1-3 (ACO1-3) genes responsible for ethylene production were expressed at significantly higher levels during this growth stage”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene released from ovules correlated with ACO expression.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- cultured ovulese0
- Gene
- ACOe0
- Outcome
- amount of ethylene releasede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The amount of ethylene released from cultured ovules correlated with ACO expression and the rate of fiber growth”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene release correlated with fiber growth rate.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Compound
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- rate of fiber growthe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The amount of ethylene released from cultured ovules correlated with ACO expression and the rate of fiber growth”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied ethylene promoted fiber cell expansion.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Exogenously applied ethylenee0
- Outcome
- fiber cell expansione0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenously applied ethylene promoted robust fiber cell expansion”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
AVG suppressed fiber growth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- l-(2-aminoethoxyvinyl)-glycine (AVG)e0
- Outcome
- fiber growthe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its biosynthetic inhibitor l-(2-aminoethoxyvinyl)-glycine (AVG) specifically suppressed fiber growth”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassinosteroid biosynthesis was modestly upregulated during fiber growth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthetic pathwaye0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthetic pathway was modestly upregulated during this growth stage”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
BR promoted fiber growth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- BRe0
- Outcome
- fiber growthe0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment with BR or its biosynthetic inhibitor brassinazole (BRZ) also promoted or inhibited, respectively, fiber growth”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
BRZ inhibited fiber growth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- brassinazole (BRZ)e0
- Outcome
- fiber growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment with BR or its biosynthetic inhibitor brassinazole (BRZ) also promoted or inhibited, respectively, fiber growth”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene treatment affected fibers more strongly than BR.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- ethylene treatmente0
- Outcome
- effecte0
- Direction
- much strongere0
- Comparator
- BRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of ethylene treatment was much stronger than that of BR”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene overcame BRZ inhibition of fiber cells.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- inhibitory effect of BRZ on fiber cellse0
- Direction
- overcomee0
- Comparator
- BRZe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the inhibitory effect of BRZ on fiber cells could be overcome by ethylene”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
BR much less reversed AVG inhibition.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- BRe0
- Outcome
- AVG effecte0
- Direction
- less reversede0
- Comparator
- AVGe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the AVG effect was much less reversed by BR”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors propose ethylene promotes elongation by increasing sucrose synthase, tubulin and expansin expression.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Gene
- sucrose synthase, tubulin, and expansin genese0
- Outcome
- cell elongatione0
- Direction
- promotee0
- Qualifier
- maye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene may promote cell elongation by increasing the expression of sucrose synthase, tubulin, and expansin genes”
t0“cotton”
The same questions in other papers
ethene · quality: grain · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
brassinazole · quality: grain · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
brassinolide · quality: grain · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.