Abstract
By using 70 durum wheat (Triticum durum) genotypes, a greenhouse experiment has been carried out to study genotypic variation in tolerance to boron (B) toxicity in soil. Plants were grown in a soil containing 12 mg extractable B kg-1 soil and treated additionally with (+B: 25 mg kg-1 soil) and without B (-B: 0 mg B kg-1 soil). Following 30 days of growth, only shoots have been harvested and analyzed for dry matter production and shoot concentrations of B. There was a large genotypic variation in tolerance to B toxicity based on the severity of leaf symptoms and decreases in dry matter production caused by B toxicity. Among the genotypes tested, the growth of the genotypes Sabil-1, Stn "S", Aconhi-89 and Wadelmez-2 was not affected; even, there was a tendency for an increase in growth by B treatment. By contrast, the dry matter production of all other genotypes was markedly decreased by the applied B, particularly in the genotypes Lagost-3, Dicle-74, Brachoua/134xS-61 and Gerbrach. In case of the genotypes Brachoua/134xS-61 and Gerbrach, B application reduced dry weight of the plants by 2-fold. Interestingly, there was no relationship between shoot B concentrations and relative decreases in shoot dry weight by B toxicity. The most B-sensitive genotypes had generally much lower amount of B in shoot than the genotypes showing higher tolerance to B toxicity. This result indicates that the B-exclusion mechanism is not involved in differential expression of B tolerance within 70 durum wheat genotypes. It seems very likely that the internal mechanisms (e.g., adsorption to cell walls and compartementation of B in vacuoles) could be a more plausible explanation for B tolerance in the durum wheats tested in the present study.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Boron toxicity caused large genotypic variation in leaf symptoms and dry matter loss.
- Taxon
- Durum Wheat
Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0 - Outcome
- genotypic variation in tolerance to B toxicitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“large genotypic variation in tolerance to B toxicity based on the severity of leaf symptoms and decreases in dry matter production”
t0“Durum Wheat Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
B treatment did not affect growth of Sabil-1.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- Sabil-1e0
- Treatment
- B treatmente0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth of the genotypes Sabil-1, Stn "S", Aconhi-89 and Wadelmez-2 was not affected; even, there was a tendency for an increase in growth by B treatment”
t0“Durum Wheat Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
B treatment did not affect growth of Stn S.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- Stn "S"e0
- Treatment
- B treatmente0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth of the genotypes Sabil-1, Stn "S", Aconhi-89 and Wadelmez-2 was not affected; even, there was a tendency for an increase in growth by B treatment”
t0“Durum Wheat Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
B treatment did not affect growth of Aconhi-89.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- Aconhi-89e0
- Treatment
- B treatmente0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth of the genotypes Sabil-1, Stn "S", Aconhi-89 and Wadelmez-2 was not affected; even, there was a tendency for an increase in growth by B treatment”
t0“Durum Wheat Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
B treatment did not affect growth of Wadelmez-2.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- Wadelmez-2e0
- Treatment
- B treatmente0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth of the genotypes Sabil-1, Stn "S", Aconhi-89 and Wadelmez-2 was not affected; even, there was a tendency for an increase in growth by B treatment”
t0“Durum Wheat Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied B markedly decreased dry matter production in Lagost-3.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- Lagost-3e0
- Treatment
- applied Be0
- Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter production of all other genotypes was markedly decreased by the applied B, particularly in the genotypes Lagost-3, Dicle-74, Brachoua/134xS-61 and Gerbrach”
t0“Durum Wheat Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied B markedly decreased dry matter production in Dicle-74.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- Dicle-74e0
- Treatment
- applied Be0
- Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry matter production of all other genotypes was markedly decreased by the applied B, particularly in the genotypes Lagost-3, Dicle-74, Brachoua/134xS-61 and Gerbrach”
t0“Durum Wheat Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
B application reduced dry weight of Brachoua/134xS-61 twofold.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- Brachoua/134xS-61e0
- Treatment
- B applicatione0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 2-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genotypes Brachoua/134xS-61 and Gerbrach, B application reduced dry weight of the plants by 2-fold”
t0“Durum Wheat Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
B application reduced dry weight of Gerbrach twofold.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- Gerbrache0
- Treatment
- B applicatione0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 2-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genotypes Brachoua/134xS-61 and Gerbrach, B application reduced dry weight of the plants by 2-fold”
t0“Durum Wheat Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot B concentration was unrelated to relative dry weight loss.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Organ / stage
- shoote0
- Outcome
- relative decreases in shoot dry weighte0
- Qualifier
- shoot B concentrationse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no relationship between shoot B concentrations and relative decreases in shoot dry weight by B toxicity”
t0“Durum Wheat Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
The most B-sensitive genotypes generally had lower shoot B than more tolerant genotypes.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- B-sensitive genotypese0
- Outcome
- amount of B in shoote0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- genotypes showing higher tolerancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most B-sensitive genotypes had generally much lower amount of B in shoot than the genotypes showing higher tolerance to B toxicity”
t0“Durum Wheat Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that B exclusion does not explain tolerance differences.
- Taxon
- durum wheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Outcome
- B tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- B-exclusion mechanisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B-exclusion mechanism is not involved in differential expression of B tolerance within 70 durum wheat genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest cell wall adsorption or vacuolar compartmentation may explain B tolerance.
- Taxon
- durum wheatsTriticum turgidum subsp. durume0
- Outcome
- B tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- adsorption to cell walls and compartementation of B in vacuolese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“internal mechanisms (e.g., adsorption to cell walls and compartementation of B in vacuoles) could be a more plausible explanation for B tolerance in the durum wheats tested”
The same questions in other papers
boron atom · growth · Triticum turgidum (rivet wheat)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
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