Paper · 2013 · Journal of Seed Science

Salicylic acid: physiological and biochemical changes in seeds and maize seedlings subjected to salt stress

Fernanda Reolon Tonel; Patrícia Marini; Juliana de Magalhães Bandeira; et al.

8
claims
16
verbatim quotes
15
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Several plant species have development limitations on saline soils; however under water stress situations salicylic acid (SA) may have defense function by acting as antioxidant. Thereby, this study was aimed at analyzing physiological changes occurring in maize seeds treated with SA and germinated on sodium chloride moistened substrate; as well as assessing the effect of antioxidant enzymes produced by the seedlings. To this, seeds were soaked into zero and 1 mM SA solutions, for 60 min., and germinated on different NaCl concentrations (0, 30, 90, and 180 mM), and afterwards evaluated for germination, germination speed index, initial growth, and effect of antioxidant enzymes on seedlings. For electrical conductivity test, the seeds were previously soaked in NaCl solutions with and without SA. The SA application has minimized damages induced by salt stress to maize seed germination by favoring their germination percent; however without SA was not able on maintaining seed viability over 90 mM. Seedling initial growth was impaired by increasing NaCl concentrations in substrate; and electric conductivity has shown low values for release of solutes in the presence of SA. Activity of antioxidant enzymes has increased until 30 mM NaCl concentration; however above such concentration activity of these enzymes was reduced. The SA maintains germination of corn seeds above 90 mM NaCl; however, generally it is not efficient to ensure vigor of seedlings.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 8

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salicylic acid improved maize germination under salt stress.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
SA applicatione0
Outcome
germination percente0
Direction
favoringe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The SA application has minimized damages induced by salt stress to maize seed germination by favoring their germination percent”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 804–931 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Without salicylic acid, maize seed viability was not maintained above 90 mM salt.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Outcome
seed viabilitye0
Qualifier
over 90 mMe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“without SA was not able on maintaining seed viability over 90 mM”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 941–1005 · show in text ↑
t0

“maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 67–72 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing substrate NaCl impaired initial seedling growth.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
increasing NaCl concentrationse0
Outcome
Seedling initial growthe0
Direction
impairede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Seedling initial growth was impaired by increasing NaCl concentrations in substrate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1007–1090 · show in text ↑
t0

“maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 67–72 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salicylic acid was associated with low electrical conductivity indicating lower solute release.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
SAe0
Outcome
electric conductivitye0
Direction
lowe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“electric conductivity has shown low values for release of solutes in the presence of SA”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1096–1183 · show in text ↑
t0

“maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 67–72 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Antioxidant enzyme activity increased up to 30 mM NaCl.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
30 mM NaCle0
Outcome
Activity of antioxidant enzymese0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Activity of antioxidant enzymes has increased until 30 mM NaCl concentration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1185–1261 · show in text ↑
t0

“maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 67–72 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Antioxidant enzyme activity declined above 30 mM NaCl.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
30 mM NaCl concentratione1
Outcome
activity of these enzymese0
Direction
reducede0
Qualifier
above such concentratione0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“above such concentration activity of these enzymes was reduced”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1271–1333 · show in text ↑
t0

“maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 67–72 · show in text ↑
e1

“30 mM NaCl concentration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1237–1261 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salicylic acid maintained corn seed germination above 90 mM NaCl.

Treatment
SAe0
Outcome
germinatione0
Direction
maintainse0
Qualifier
above 90 mM NaCle0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays subsp. mays
Zea mays subsp. mays · TaxonDominicus Johannes Bergsma · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The SA maintains germination of corn seeds above 90 mM NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1335–1394 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salicylic acid generally did not ensure seedling vigor.

Taxon
maizeZea mayst0
Treatment
SAe1
Outcome
vigor of seedlingse0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“however, generally it is not efficient to ensure vigor of seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1396–1463 · show in text ↑
t0

“maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 67–72 · show in text ↑
e1

“The SA maintains germination of corn seeds above 90 mM NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1335–1394 · show in text ↑

salicylic acid · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

79 papers: 74 positive, 5 negative or no effect

73 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

75 papers more in this group

See all 79 papers →

sodium chloride · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

112 papers: 19 positive, 93 negative or no effect

92 papers in the same direction as this paper · 19 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

108 papers more in this group

See all 112 papers →

sodium chloride · physiology: enzyme activity · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 2 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

sodium chloride · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 7 positive, 3 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.