Abstract
With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually. Pretreatment with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) donor alleviated the inhibitory effect of Cu stress in a dose-dependent manner; whereas little visible symptom was observed in germinating seeds and radicle tips cultured in NaHS solutions. It was verified that H(2)S or HS(-) rather than other sulfur-containing components derived from NaHS attribute to the potential role in promoting seed germination against Cu stress. Further studies showed that NaHS could promote amylase and esterase activities, reduce Cu-induced disturbance of plasma membrane integrity in the radicle tips, and sustain lower levels of malondialdehyde and H(2)O(2) in germinating seeds. Furthermore, NaHS pretreatment increased activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and decreased that of lipoxygenase, but showed no significant effect on ascorbate peroxidase. Alternatively, NaHS prevented uptake of Cu and promoted the accumulation of free amino acids in seeds exposed to Cu. In addition, a rapid accumulation of endogenous H(2)S in seeds was observed at the early stage of germination, and higher level of H(2)S in NaHS-pretreated seeds. These data indicated that H(2)S was involved in the mechanism of germinating seeds' responses to Cu stress.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually as copper stress increased.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- copper (Cu) stresse0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- decreased graduallye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS pretreatment alleviated the inhibitory effect of copper stress on wheat seed germination in a dose-dependent manner.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Pretreatment with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS)e1
- Outcome
- inhibitory effect of Cu stresse1
- Direction
- alleviatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Pretreatment with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) donor alleviated the inhibitory effect of Cu stress in a dose-dependent manner”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
H(2)S or HS(-) rather than other sulfur-containing components from NaHS promotes wheat seed germination against copper stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Compound
- H(2)S or HS(-)e2
- Outcome
- promoting seed germination against Cu stresse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“It was verified that H(2)S or HS(-) rather than other sulfur-containing components derived from NaHS attribute to the potential role in promoting seed germination against Cu stress”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS promoted amylase and esterase activities in germinating wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NaHSe3
- Outcome
- amylase and esterase activitiese3
- Direction
- promotee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Further studies showed that NaHS could promote amylase and esterase activities, reduce Cu-induced disturbance of plasma membrane integrity in the radicle tips, and sustain lower levels of malondialdehyde and H(2)O(2) in germinating seeds”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS reduced Cu-induced disturbance of plasma membrane integrity in the radicle tips of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- radicle tipse3
- Treatment
- NaHSe3
- Outcome
- disturbance of plasma membrane integritye3
- Direction
- reducee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Further studies showed that NaHS could promote amylase and esterase activities, reduce Cu-induced disturbance of plasma membrane integrity in the radicle tips, and sustain lower levels of malondialdehyde and H(2)O(2) in germinating seeds”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS sustained lower levels of malondialdehyde and H(2)O(2) in germinating wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NaHSe3
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde and H(2)O(2)e3
- Direction
- lowere3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Further studies showed that NaHS could promote amylase and esterase activities, reduce Cu-induced disturbance of plasma membrane integrity in the radicle tips, and sustain lower levels of malondialdehyde and H(2)O(2) in germinating seeds”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS pretreatment increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NaHS pretreatmente4
- Outcome
- activities of superoxide dismutase and catalasee4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Furthermore, NaHS pretreatment increased activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and decreased that of lipoxygenase, but showed no significant effect on ascorbate peroxidase”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS pretreatment decreased lipoxygenase in wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NaHS pretreatmente4
- Outcome
- lipoxygenasee4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Furthermore, NaHS pretreatment increased activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and decreased that of lipoxygenase, but showed no significant effect on ascorbate peroxidase”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS pretreatment had no significant effect on ascorbate peroxidase in wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NaHS pretreatmente4
- Outcome
- ascorbate peroxidasee4
- Direction
- no significant effecte4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Furthermore, NaHS pretreatment increased activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and decreased that of lipoxygenase, but showed no significant effect on ascorbate peroxidase”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS prevented copper uptake by wheat seeds exposed to Cu.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NaHSe5
- Outcome
- uptake of Cue5
- Direction
- preventede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Alternatively, NaHS prevented uptake of Cu and promoted the accumulation of free amino acids in seeds exposed to Cu”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS promoted the accumulation of free amino acids in wheat seeds exposed to Cu.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NaHSe5
- Outcome
- accumulation of free amino acidse5
- Direction
- promotede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Alternatively, NaHS prevented uptake of Cu and promoted the accumulation of free amino acids in seeds exposed to Cu”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
A rapid accumulation of endogenous H(2)S occurred in wheat seeds at the early stage of germination.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- rapid accumulation of endogenous H(2)Se6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“a rapid accumulation of endogenous H(2)S in seeds was observed at the early stage of germination, and higher level of H(2)S in NaHS-pretreated seeds”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS-pretreated wheat seeds had a higher level of H(2)S.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NaHS-pretreated seedse6
- Outcome
- level of H(2)Se6
- Direction
- highere6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“a rapid accumulation of endogenous H(2)S in seeds was observed at the early stage of germination, and higher level of H(2)S in NaHS-pretreated seeds”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
Claim · model-written summary
H(2)S was involved in the mechanism of wheat germinating seeds responses to Cu stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Compound
- H(2)Se7
- Outcome
- responses to Cu stresse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“These data indicated that H(2)S was involved in the mechanism of germinating seeds' responses to Cu stress”
e0“With the enhancement of copper (Cu) stress, the germination percentage of wheat seeds decreased gradually”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.