Abstract
We determined the role of Phospholipase Dalpha1 (PLDalpha1) and its lipid product phosphatidic acid (PA) in abscisic acid (ABA)-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells. The pldalpha1 mutant failed to produce ROS in guard cells in response to ABA. ABA stimulated NADPH oxidase activity in wild-type guard cells but not in pldalpha1 cells, whereas PA stimulated NADPH oxidase activity in both genotypes. PA bound to recombinant Arabidopsis NADPH oxidase RbohD (respiratory burst oxidase homolog D) and RbohF. The PA binding motifs were identified, and mutation of the Arg residues 149, 150, 156, and 157 in RbohD resulted in the loss of PA binding and the loss of PA activation of RbohD. The rbohD mutant expressing non-PA-binding RbohD was compromised in ABA-mediated ROS production and stomatal closure. Furthermore, ABA-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) was impaired in pldalpha1 guard cells. Disruption of PA binding to ABI1 protein phosphatase 2C did not affect ABA-induced production of ROS or NO, but the PA-ABI1 interaction was required for stomatal closure induced by ABA, H(2)O(2), or NO. Thus, PA is as a central lipid signaling molecule that links different components in the ABA signaling network in guard cells.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
The pldalpha1 mutant failed to produce guard-cell ROS in response to ABA.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae1 - Material
- pldalpha1e0
- Organ / stage
- guard cellse0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- produce ROSe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pldalpha1 mutant failed to produce ROS in guard cells in response to ABA.”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA stimulated NADPH oxidase activity in wild-type guard cells.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- wild-typee0
- Organ / stage
- guard cellse0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- NADPH oxidase activitye0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ABA stimulated NADPH oxidase activity in wild-type guard cells but not in pldalpha1 cells”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA did not stimulate NADPH oxidase activity in pldalpha1 cells.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- pldalpha1e0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- NADPH oxidase activitye0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ABA stimulated NADPH oxidase activity in wild-type guard cells but not in pldalpha1 cells”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells”
Claim · model-written summary
PA stimulated NADPH oxidase activity in wild-type guard cells.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- wild-typee0
- Treatment
- PAe0
- Outcome
- NADPH oxidase activitye0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ABA stimulated NADPH oxidase activity in wild-type guard cells but not in pldalpha1 cells, whereas PA stimulated NADPH oxidase activity in both genotypes.”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells”
Claim · model-written summary
PA stimulated NADPH oxidase activity in pldalpha1 cells.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- pldalpha1e0
- Treatment
- PAe0
- Outcome
- NADPH oxidase activitye0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ABA stimulated NADPH oxidase activity in wild-type guard cells but not in pldalpha1 cells, whereas PA stimulated NADPH oxidase activity in both genotypes.”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells”
Claim · model-written summary
PA bound recombinant Arabidopsis NADPH oxidase RbohD and RbohF.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PA bound to recombinant Arabidopsis NADPH oxidase RbohD (respiratory burst oxidase homolog D) and RbohF.”
Claim · model-written summary
PA binding motifs were identified.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Outcome
- PA binding motifse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The PA binding motifs were identified”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation of RbohD Arg residues 149, 150, 156 and 157 caused loss of PA binding and PA activation of RbohD.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- mutation of the Arg residues 149, 150, 156, and 157 in RbohDe0
- Gene
- RbohDe0
- Outcome
- PA binding and the loss of PA activation of RbohDe0
- Direction
- losse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mutation of the Arg residues 149, 150, 156, and 157 in RbohD resulted in the loss of PA binding and the loss of PA activation of RbohD.”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells”
Claim · model-written summary
The rbohD mutant expressing non-PA-binding RbohD was compromised in ABA-mediated ROS production and stomatal closure.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- rbohDe0
- Treatment
- expressing non-PA-binding RbohDe0
- Outcome
- ABA-mediated ROS production and stomatal closuree0
- Direction
- compromisede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rbohD mutant expressing non-PA-binding RbohD was compromised in ABA-mediated ROS production and stomatal closure.”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA-induced NO production was impaired in pldalpha1 guard cells.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- pldalpha1e0
- Organ / stage
- guard cellse0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- production of nitric oxide (NO)e0
- Direction
- impairede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ABA-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) was impaired in pldalpha1 guard cells.”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Disrupting PA binding to ABI1 did not affect ABA-induced ROS or NO production.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- Disruption of PA binding to ABI1 protein phosphatase 2Ce0
- Outcome
- ABA-induced production of ROS or NOe0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Disruption of PA binding to ABI1 protein phosphatase 2C did not affect ABA-induced production of ROS or NO”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells”
Claim · model-written summary
PA-ABI1 interaction was required for stomatal closure induced by ABA, H(2)O(2), or NO.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Outcome
- stomatal closuree0
- Qualifier
- PA-ABI1 interactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the PA-ABI1 interaction was required for stomatal closure induced by ABA, H(2)O(2), or NO.”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells”
Claim · model-written summary
PA links components of the ABA signaling network in guard cells as a central lipid signal.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Organ / stage
- guard cellse0
- Compound
- PAe0
- Outcome
- ABA signaling networke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thus, PA is as a central lipid signaling molecule that links different components in the ABA signaling network in guard cells.”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells”
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