Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during kharif seasons of 2007 and 2008 for two consecutive years at New Delhi, to study the effect of planting systems and phosphorus management in sole and intercropped pigeonpea [ Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] under rainfed conditions. The treatment comprised of 2 cropping systems [pigeonpea sole and pigeonpea + mungbean (2:1) { Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek}] and 3 planting systems (uniform row planting, broad-bed and furrow planting and paired row planting) as main plots and 4 levels of phosphorus and biofertilizers (control, 40 kg P O /ha. 40 kg P O /ha + PSB +AM and 80 kg P O /ha) as sub-plots replicated thrice in a split-plot 2 5 2 5 2 5 design. Significant improvement in the yield attributes and yield of component crops was observed under modified planting systems (BBF and paired row planting) over the uniform row planting. On an average, BBF and paired row planting recorded 16.0 and 11.1% increase in pigeonpea equivalent yield and 20.1and 13.8% in net returns over flat row planting. Sole and intercropped pigeonpea recorded statistically similar growth and yield attributes and yields during both the seasons. Pigeonpea equivalent yield (1.71 and 2.01 t/ha) of intercropped stand was 14.0 and 16.1% higher than sole stand in respective season. In term of net returns, the increase was 12.6 and 12.5% respectively. Application of 80 kg P O /ha, being on par with 40 kg P O /ha + PSB + AM, recorded signifi- 2 5 2 5 cantly higher growth parameters, yield attributes (except 1,000-grain weight), grain yield (1.67 and 1.87 t/ha) and stalk yield of pigeonpea over control (1.18 and 1.41 t/ha) and 40 kg P O /ha (1.43 and 1.64 t/ha). Similar effect of 2 5 these treatment was observed on P content and total P uptake in grain (12.31, 13.75 kg/ha) and in stalk (11.82, 13.19 kg/ha) of pigeonpea over rest of treatments. Application of 80 kg P O /ha, being on par with 40 kg P O /ha + 2 5 2 5 PSB + AM, recorded significantly higher pigeonpea equivalent yield (1.84 and 2.11 t/ha) over rest of treatments. On an average, 40 kg P O /ha + PSB + AM, recorded higher net returns and B:C ratio over remaining treatments. 2 5
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Broad-bed and furrow (BBF) planting increased pigeonpea equivalent yield by 16.0% over flat row planting.
- Taxon
- pigeonpea
Cajanus cajane0 - Treatment
- BBFe0
- Outcome
- pigeonpea equivalent yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 16.0e0
- Comparator
- flat row plantinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On an average, BBF and paired row planting recorded 16.0 and 11.1% increase in pigeonpea equivalent yield and 20.1and 13.8% in net returns over flat row planting”
Claim · model-written summary
Paired row planting increased pigeonpea equivalent yield by 11.1% over flat row planting.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- paired row plantinge0
- Outcome
- pigeonpea equivalent yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 11.1%e0
- Comparator
- flat row plantinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On an average, BBF and paired row planting recorded 16.0 and 11.1% increase in pigeonpea equivalent yield and 20.1and 13.8% in net returns over flat row planting”
Claim · model-written summary
BBF planting increased net returns by 20.1% over flat row planting.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- BBFe0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 20.1e0
- Comparator
- flat row plantinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On an average, BBF and paired row planting recorded 16.0 and 11.1% increase in pigeonpea equivalent yield and 20.1and 13.8% in net returns over flat row planting”
Claim · model-written summary
Paired row planting increased net returns by 13.8% over flat row planting.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- paired row plantinge0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 13.8%e0
- Comparator
- flat row plantinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On an average, BBF and paired row planting recorded 16.0 and 11.1% increase in pigeonpea equivalent yield and 20.1and 13.8% in net returns over flat row planting”
Claim · model-written summary
Modified planting systems (BBF and paired row planting) significantly improved the yield attributes and yield of the component crops over uniform row planting.
Verbatim
e0“Significant improvement in the yield attributes and yield of component crops was observed under modified planting systems (BBF and paired row planting) over the uniform row planting”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole and intercropped pigeonpea had statistically similar growth, yield attributes and yields in both seasons.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- intercroppede0
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributes and yieldse0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
- Comparator
- Solee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sole and intercropped pigeonpea recorded statistically similar growth and yield attributes and yields during both the seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Pigeonpea equivalent yield of the intercropped stand was 14.0% higher than the sole stand in the first season (1.71 t/ha).
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- intercropped stande0
- Outcome
- Pigeonpea equivalent yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 14.0e0
- Qualifier
- respective seasone0
- Comparator
- sole stande0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea equivalent yield (1.71 and 2.01 t/ha) of intercropped stand was 14.0 and 16.1% higher than sole stand in respective season”
Claim · model-written summary
Pigeonpea equivalent yield of the intercropped stand was 16.1% higher than the sole stand in the second season (2.01 t/ha).
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- intercropped stande0
- Outcome
- Pigeonpea equivalent yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 16.1%e0
- Qualifier
- respective seasone0
- Comparator
- sole stande0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea equivalent yield (1.71 and 2.01 t/ha) of intercropped stand was 14.0 and 16.1% higher than sole stand in respective season”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping with mungbean increased net returns by 12.6% over sole pigeonpea in the first season.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- intercroppedt0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 12.6e0
- Qualifier
- respectivelye0
- Comparator
- solet0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sole and intercropped pigeonpea”
e0“In term of net returns, the increase was 12.6 and 12.5% respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping with mungbean increased net returns by 12.5% over sole pigeonpea in the second season.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- intercroppedt0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 12.5%e0
- Qualifier
- respectivelye0
- Comparator
- solet0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sole and intercropped pigeonpea”
e0“In term of net returns, the increase was 12.6 and 12.5% respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 80 kg P2O5/ha, on par with 40 kg P2O5/ha + PSB + AM, significantly raised pigeonpea growth parameters and yield attributes (except 1,000-grain weight) over the control and 40 kg P2O5/ha.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Treatment
- 80 kg P O /hae1
- Outcome
- growth parameters, yield attributese2
- Direction
- highere2
- Qualifier
- except 1,000-grain weighte2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Application of 80 kg P O /ha, being on par with 40 kg P O /ha + PSB + AM, recorded signifi-”
e2“cantly higher growth parameters, yield attributes (except 1,000-grain weight), grain yield (1.67 and 1.87 t/ha) and stalk yield of pigeonpea over control (1.18 and 1.41 t/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 80 kg P2O5/ha, on par with 40 kg P2O5/ha + PSB + AM, significantly raised pigeonpea grain yield (1.67 and 1.87 t/ha) over control (1.18 and 1.41 t/ha) and 40 kg P2O5/ha (1.43 and 1.64 t/ha).
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Treatment
- 80 kg P O /hae1
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 1.67 and 1.87 t/hae2
- Qualifier
- 1.18 and 1.41 t/hae2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Application of 80 kg P O /ha, being on par with 40 kg P O /ha + PSB + AM, recorded signifi-”
e2“cantly higher growth parameters, yield attributes (except 1,000-grain weight), grain yield (1.67 and 1.87 t/ha) and stalk yield of pigeonpea over control (1.18 and 1.41 t/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 80 kg P2O5/ha, on par with 40 kg P2O5/ha + PSB + AM, significantly raised pigeonpea stalk yield over control.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Treatment
- 80 kg P O /hae1
- Outcome
- stalk yielde2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Application of 80 kg P O /ha, being on par with 40 kg P O /ha + PSB + AM, recorded signifi-”
e2“cantly higher growth parameters, yield attributes (except 1,000-grain weight), grain yield (1.67 and 1.87 t/ha) and stalk yield of pigeonpea over control (1.18 and 1.41 t/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
The phosphorus treatments had a similar effect on pigeonpea grain P content and total P uptake (12.31 and 13.75 kg/ha) relative to the rest of the treatments.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Organ / stage
- graine2
- Treatment
- 80 kg P O /hae1
- Outcome
- P content and total P uptakee2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 12.31, 13.75 kg/hae2
- Comparator
- rest of treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Application of 80 kg P O /ha, being on par with 40 kg P O /ha + PSB + AM, recorded signifi-”
e2“P content and total P uptake in grain (12.31, 13.75 kg/ha) and in stalk (11.82, 13.19 kg/ha) of pigeonpea over rest of treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The phosphorus treatments had a similar effect on pigeonpea stalk P content and total P uptake (11.82 and 13.19 kg/ha) relative to the rest of the treatments.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Organ / stage
- stalke2
- Treatment
- 80 kg P O /hae1
- Outcome
- P content and total P uptakee2
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 11.82, 13.19 kg/hae2
- Comparator
- rest of treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Application of 80 kg P O /ha, being on par with 40 kg P O /ha + PSB + AM, recorded signifi-”
e2“P content and total P uptake in grain (12.31, 13.75 kg/ha) and in stalk (11.82, 13.19 kg/ha) of pigeonpea over rest of treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 80 kg P2O5/ha, on par with 40 kg P2O5/ha + PSB + AM, gave significantly higher pigeonpea equivalent yield (1.84 and 2.11 t/ha) than the rest of the treatments.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Treatment
- 80 kg P O /hae1
- Outcome
- pigeonpea equivalent yielde2
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 1.84 and 2.11 t/hae2
- Comparator
- rest of treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Application of 80 kg P O /ha, being on par with 40 kg P O /ha + PSB + AM, recorded signifi-”
e2“recorded significantly higher pigeonpea equivalent yield (1.84 and 2.11 t/ha) over rest of treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
On average 40 kg P2O5/ha + PSB + AM gave higher net returns and B:C ratio than the remaining treatments.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- 40 kg P O /ha + PSB + AMe0
- Interactor
- PSBe0other
- Second interactor
- AMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- net returns and B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- remaining treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)”
e0“40 kg P O /ha + PSB + AM, recorded higher net returns and B:C ratio over remaining treatments”
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- positive
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- no effect
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.